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File - Westlake FFA
File - Westlake FFA

... Dicots have vascular bundles only on the perimeter of the stem. Typically, you can see the two cotyledons when some seeds of this group germinate. They provide energy for early growth, but dry up as photosynthetic leaves are produced. ...
Plant Diversity II
Plant Diversity II

... Ovulate cone with many scales, each with 2 ovules Haploid cells produced become megaspores with some developing into gametophytes 3 years for cones to form mature seeds Ovulate cone separates and seeds dispersed by wind ...
Selecting Landscape Plants: Broad-Leaved
Selecting Landscape Plants: Broad-Leaved

... fall, hanging on the plant until mid-winter, are its main attraction. Pyracantha can be grown as an individual specimen plant, hedge, or barrier. It can be trained flat against a wall or on a trellis to look like a vine or espalier. It normally grows 6 to 7 feet tall and can spread to almost twice a ...
Percent cover standards - Seagrass
Percent cover standards - Seagrass

... quadrats of particular interest. First place the photo quadrat labeller beside the quadrat with the correct code on it. ...
There are several native British buttercups. They grow in a wide
There are several native British buttercups. They grow in a wide

... shapes and sizes. Orchids are fun flowers to look out for in meadows. The flowers are often bright and colourful and grow in cone-shaped spikes; They are made up of lots of individual flowers. Some flowers have very interesting shapes. The bee orchid actually looks like a bee to encourage bees to vi ...
20.1 Origins of Plant Life
20.1 Origins of Plant Life

... 21.3: Roots & Stems Stems support plants, transport materials, and provide storage. • Stems have many functions. – support leaves and flowers – house most of the vascular system – store water – grow underground for storage – form new plants ...
Plant Propagation
Plant Propagation

... • Seeds are directly seeded when they are planted in the soil where they will grow to a saleable size. • Germination flats are used if they are to be transplanted at a later time. • When reusing germination flats, be sure to sterilize the flats and soil. ...
staghorn fern - Super Floral Retailing
staghorn fern - Super Floral Retailing

... from midspring through summer, monthly applications of a balanced plant food, mixed at half strength, can help support new growth. ...
Picture Tour: Dry Beans Diseases
Picture Tour: Dry Beans Diseases

... veins which become slightly darker than the areas between the veins. This symptom can sometimes be more easily observed by shading the leaf from direct sunlight. Severe, early infection can greatly reduce plant vigor and productivity, and increase seed transmission. Plants infected early in the grow ...
PDF - Asian Online Journal Publishing Group
PDF - Asian Online Journal Publishing Group

... is now planted as a fruit tree in West Africa. The seeds are distributed by man, and animals, (mainly monkey and birds) and are cultivated throughout the tropics. A small tree of about 6- 8m high, bark is grayish brown, hard or very rough and resistant to termites. The fruits are up to 4 inches long ...
1 of 20: Name the waxy layer of many leaves to
1 of 20: Name the waxy layer of many leaves to

... each question and agree upon one correct answer. The group with the most correct answers will win. ...
Native American Plant Use
Native American Plant Use

... on the cob, and could be boiled like potatoes.They even make it into flour. • If they needed insulations for walls they could use the Cattail. http://www.ericschreiber.com/photography/cattail.jpg ...
Organisms in Gardens - Jeremy`s Site
Organisms in Gardens - Jeremy`s Site

... The dragonfly is a flying insect that can hover in mid-air. It eats other insects, catching them while it is flying. There are many different species of dragonflies, and most of them are found near water. The earliest dragonflies appeared over 300 million years ago. Like all insects, the dragonfly ...
Chapter21
Chapter21

... style ...
J. Bio. & Env. Sci. - International network for natural sciences
J. Bio. & Env. Sci. - International network for natural sciences

... was obtained from the local people. Almost all plants have multiple folk medicinal uses. Folk medicinal recipes are mostly unique and specific to the research area. ...
Banksia integrifolia - Victoria Avenue Forever
Banksia integrifolia - Victoria Avenue Forever

... the species are drought tolerant and are good candidates for Southern California landscapes. Grevillea robust (silk oak) is present in two large stands on Victoria Avenue between Anna and Horace (outbound parkway) and between Madison and Grace (inbound parkway) and produce spectacular yellow blooms ...
Strawberry Plant Structure and Growth Habit
Strawberry Plant Structure and Growth Habit

... The strawberry plant has a short thickened stem (called a “crown”) which has a growing point at the upper end and which forms roots at its base (Fig. 1). New leaves and flower clusters emerge from “fleshy buds” in the crown in the early spring. From a cultural viewpoint, it is desirable in our regio ...
Gymnosperms  - National Botanic Gardens
Gymnosperms - National Botanic Gardens

... endosperm, which nourishes the embryo, and the embryo itself, which is fed by the endosperm. In gymnosperms the endosperm grows from a spore (a cell with half the number of chromosomes – n). Pollination may occur when the cone is small, but the endosperm continues to grow to completion before fertil ...
Botany - University of Kashmir
Botany - University of Kashmir

... inhibitorreducesthe activityof the enzymebybindingnot to theactivesitcon the ...
Chapter 10: Plant Reproduction, Growth, and Development
Chapter 10: Plant Reproduction, Growth, and Development

... improve nutrient transfer. Plants without mycorrhizae grow in limited environments. ...
Instructor`s Manual to accompany Principles of Life
Instructor`s Manual to accompany Principles of Life

... totipotent, so plants can repair damage. Growth patterns are established in the embryo with the apical–basal and radial axes. Apical meristems and three tissue systems are established: dermal, ground, and vascular tissues. Dermal tissue consists of the epidermis and its cuticle. Vascular tissue cons ...
Product profile No 1:_Bong bark ,“Peuak Bong, Yang Bong”
Product profile No 1:_Bong bark ,“Peuak Bong, Yang Bong”

... Use: Leaf shoots, young fruits and flowers are edible when boiled with a sweeter taste than that of bamboo shoots. Locally the stem is also used to boil an extract for a tea. Also roots and shoots are used to treat ailments, such as cough, stomach aches or diabetes. Active ingredients: Harvesting: T ...
56 Swamp Rose - Species at Risk
56 Swamp Rose - Species at Risk

... NS General Status Rank: Secure egna: WOODY R noitaPLANTS lupoP SHRUBS ...
Green caterpillar
Green caterpillar

... Frozen white rain drops. softly landed on my face. Freezing cold white flakes!! ...
Chapter 23
Chapter 23

... › Strobili bear spores that germinate to form small, free living gametophytes ...
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Leaf



A leaf is an organ of a vascular plant and is the principal lateral appendage of the stem. The leaves and stem together form the shoot. Foliage is a mass noun that refers to leaves collectively.Typically a leaf is a thin, dorsiventrally flattened organ, borne above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. Most leaves have distinctive upper (adaxial) and lower (abaxial) surfaces that differ in colour, hairiness, the number of stomata (pores that intake and output gases) and other features. In most plant species, leaves are broad and flat. Such species are referred to as broad-leaved plants. Many gymnosperm species have thin needle-like leaves that can be advantageous in cold climates frequented by snow and frost. Leaves can also have other shapes and forms such as the scales in certain species of conifers. Some leaves are not above ground (such as bulb scales). Succulent plants often have thick juicy leaves, but some leaves are without major photosynthetic function and may be dead at maturity, as in some cataphylls, and spines). Furthermore, several kinds of leaf-like structures found in vascular plants are not totally homologous with them. Examples include flattened plant stems (called phylloclades and cladodes), and phyllodes (flattened leaf stems), both of which differ from leaves in their structure and origin. Many structures of non-vascular plants, and even of some lichens, which are not plants at all (in the sense of being members of the kingdom Plantae), look and function much like leaves. The primary site of photosynthesis in most leaves (palisade mesophyll) almost always occurs on the upper side of the blade or lamina of the leaf but in some species, including the mature foliage of Eucalyptus palisade occurs on both sides and the leaves are said to be isobilateral.
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