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The Urinary System
The Urinary System

... -a thick adipose connective tissue capsule, surrounds the fibrous capsule. It acts as a shock absorber to protect the kidney from jolting and jarring -on outside, surrounds both the kidney and suprarenal gland, holding these organs in place ...
Prostate Brachtherapy - Alabama Cancer Congress
Prostate Brachtherapy - Alabama Cancer Congress

... Delineating the prostate is extremely difficult particularly with seeds in place CT prostate volumes tend to be overestimated which result in lower plan doses CT on Day 0 or 1 convenient for patient, early detection of problems ...
SASCRO Prostate Brachytherapy Guidelines Task Group
SASCRO Prostate Brachytherapy Guidelines Task Group

... without anaesthetic but some centres have found that a short anaesthetic is more acceptable to patients and facilitates reproduction at the subsequent seed insertion. If the volume is known accurately it is possible to combine the pre-plan with the implant during the same procedure (25). After the p ...
Urinary practice test - Belle Vernon Area School District
Urinary practice test - Belle Vernon Area School District

... 10. The mechanism for maintaining the solute concentration gradient in the medulla require(s) A. active transport of Na+ ions from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. b. active transport of Na+ ions from the ascending limb of the Vasa Recta. c. the ascending limb of the loop of Henle to be per ...


... – Perform 2 or 3 quick pelvic floor muscle contractions (Kegels) – Apply pressure on the area of skin between your vaginal/testicle and anal openings (just like children do when they have to urinate badly). If you are in public and cannot place your hand down in the pelvic region, try one of these t ...
EXERCISE 7 PART 2
EXERCISE 7 PART 2

... Some parts of the human urinary system, especially the external genitalia and the lower portions of the urethra, are normally occupied by a wide variety of microorganisms. In contrast, the rest of the urinary-system tissues (i.e., the bladder, ureters, and kidneys) are normally sterile, as is the ur ...
CHAPTER 20: URINARY SYSTEM
CHAPTER 20: URINARY SYSTEM

... glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHSP) and GFR. 2. Receptors in the Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA) detect this decrease: a. Baroreceptors in the JG cells of the afferent arteriole (AA) detect a decrease in stretch and secrete the enzyme renin. ...
Treatment Guide Myo 200 Drs. V. SMEETS Prof. Dr. E. DI PALMA ®
Treatment Guide Myo 200 Drs. V. SMEETS Prof. Dr. E. DI PALMA ®

... development of strength when combined with more traditional form of physical therapy. EMG biofeedback has been successfully used for muscle reeducation and muscle strengthening in hemiplegic patients, rehabilitation following surgery or trauma, selective training of the vastus medialis during patell ...
Perineum and pelvis
Perineum and pelvis

... joins the duct of a bulbourethral gland to form the ejaculatory duct opens into the membranous urethra transmits spermatozoa into the membranous urethra widens to form the ampulla of the ductus deferens unites with the ductus deferens to form an ejaculatory duct ...
Apex
Apex

... • For identification of apex and base CT contrast may be helpful • If intravesical component is present, IV contrast cancan be particularly helpful • Using beams eye views as you contour will eliminate contours that “jut out or in” too much which probably erroneous ...
Hysterectomy
Hysterectomy

... Before the hysterectomy procedure Prior to surgery, the gynecologist or surgeon typically takes a complete medical history and performs a thorough physical examination in order to evaluate the overall physical health of the patient. Hysterectomy is often performed on an inpatient basis, meaning that ...
Educational Module for Nursing Assistants in Long
Educational Module for Nursing Assistants in Long

... Most UTIs result from bacteria that are present in the perineal/peri-anal areas (close to the urinary opening), where they can gain entry to the bladder. The most common organisms found in urine are: • Escherichia coli (E. coli) ● Enterococci • Klebsiella pneumoniae ● Streptococci (Group B) • Proteu ...
British Journal of Anaesthesiabja (1)
British Journal of Anaesthesiabja (1)

... randomly assigned into two groups of 27 each with the help of computergenerated table of random numbers. Depending on the results of the randomization process, patients received medication [diluted in 2 ml of normal saline (NS)], i.v. 30 min before extubation. Patients in the control (C) group recei ...
The Utility of Bladder Scans in Multiple Sclerosis
The Utility of Bladder Scans in Multiple Sclerosis

... • Measurement of PVR in the office can be used to identify urinary retention, but presence of symptoms may be of equal sensitivity (but not necessarily specificity) in detecting abnormal PVR. • In our population, all but one patient with abnormal PVR had symptoms and/or history of UTI. • The standar ...
Urine
Urine

... 1. Pelvic nerve: Which connect with spinal cord through sacral plexus (S2 and S3), which are consist of: a) Sensory nerve fibers: detect the degree of stretch of the bladder walls. b) Motor nerve fibers: transmitted in the pelvic nerves are parasympathetic fibers. These terminate on ganglion cells l ...
transitional cell carcinoma within a bladder diverticulum
transitional cell carcinoma within a bladder diverticulum

... A 71-year-old man with a history of prostate carcinoma 10 years previously presented with hematuria and a burning sensation during urination. He denied other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, fevers, or chills. His physical examination was unremarkable except for mild suprapubic tenderness to deep ...
Urinary System - Westgate Mennonite Collegiate
Urinary System - Westgate Mennonite Collegiate

... Following discussion of the functions of the urinary system, have students keep an accurate record of their intake and output for a 24 hour period, as assigned by the teacher. They should complete the “Intake and Output Diary” (Appendix MD15.02B) and then bring it to class for analysis and discussio ...
The Excretory System
The Excretory System

... urine. The appears when there is unbalanced amount of water, salts and minerals. When you don’t drink enough water it can cause a kidney stone to form. Symptoms: Extreme pain, cramping in the back and/or lower stomach area, nausea and vomiting. Cures: There really isn’t many cures for kidney stones ...
Physio07_Urinary_System
Physio07_Urinary_System

... ureters push the urine towards the bladder.  No anatomical valve exists between the ureters and bladder; however, a physiological one exists. Pressure from the filling bladder compresses the openings of the ureters preventing backflow of urine and microbes. ...
Physiology_13_Urinary
Physiology_13_Urinary

...  The urine drains from collecting ducts through papillary ducts into the minor calyces, which join the major calyces, that unite to form the renal pelvis. ...
Anat2_09_Urinary
Anat2_09_Urinary

...  Each of the two ureters transport urine from the renal pelvis of one kidney to the urinary bladder.  Peristaltic contractions of the muscular walls of the ureters push the urine towards the bladder.  No anatomical valve exists between the ureters and bladder; however, a physiological one exists. ...
WHAT IS A URINARY TRACT INFECTION (UTI)? WHAT CAN
WHAT IS A URINARY TRACT INFECTION (UTI)? WHAT CAN

... foreskin. Pass some urine into the toilet. Then, without stopping the flow of urine, catch some urine in a sterile bottle. (The bottle is usually provided by a doctor or nurse.) Once you have enough urine in the bottle, finish off passing the rest of your urine into the toilet. Do not open the steri ...
URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS Tieraona Low Dog, MD
URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS Tieraona Low Dog, MD

... bacteria are the major offenders with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 80% of infections in patients less than fifty years of age. Other gram-negative organisms include Proteus, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter. Proteus and Klebsiella are more common in those with urinary tract stones. Serr ...
Effect of Ethanol Root Extract of Equisetum arvense
Effect of Ethanol Root Extract of Equisetum arvense

... edema in the prostate gland and inflammation of the bladder mucosa in BPH patients [17]. The medicinal plants comprising eviprostat were initially used as folk medicine for many urological symptoms like BPH, cystitis, epididymitis, prostatitis etc. In this study, we have tried to delineate the effec ...
The Excretory System
The Excretory System

... kidneys stones and fluid and electrolyte disorders. Nephrologists work in different hospitals and medical centers all over the world. ...
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Urethroplasty

In surgery, urethroplasty is the repair of an injury or defect within the walls of the urethra. There are four commonly used types of urethroplasty performed; anastomotic, buccal mucosal onlay graft, scrotal or penile island flap (graft), and Johansen's urethroplasty. The choice of procedure is dependent on factors including: physical condition of the patient overall condition of the remainder of the urethra (not affected by the stricture) the length of the defect (best determined by urethrography) multiple or misaligned strictures anatomical positioning of the defect with regard to the prostate gland, urinary sphincter, and ejaculatory duct position of the most patent area of the urethral wall (necessary for determination of the location of the onlay/graft site, most often dorsal or ventral) complications and scarring from previous surgery(ies), stent explantation (if applicable), and the condition of the urethral wall availability of autograft tissue from the buccal cavity (buccal mucosa) (primary selection) availability of autograft tissue from the penis and scrotum (secondary selection) skill level and training of the surgeon performing the procedureNote: in more complex cases, more than one type of procedure may be performed, especially where longer strictures exist.With an average operating room time of between three and eight hours, urethroplasty is not considered a minor operation. Patients who undergo a shorter duration procedure may have the convenience of returning home that same day (between 20% and 30% en total of urethroplasty patients). Hospital stays of two or three days duration are the average. More complex procedures may require a hospitalization of seven to ten days. The length-of-stay is usually determined by the: status/condition of the patient, post recovery after-effects of the anesthesia/sedation/spinal anesthesia utilized during the procedure anticipated post-surgical care, per care plan (dressing changes, packing changes, and monitoring of (any) surgical drains - if used) monitoring of the newly established urethral cysostomy (Johansen's urethroplasty) if applicable monitoring of the suprapubic catheter or Foley catheter for signs of infection and proper urine output if applicable titration of palliative and anti-spasmodic medication(s) if applicable post surgical complications if any↑ ↑
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