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The Reproductive System
The Reproductive System

... • Scrotum-divided sac of skin outside abdominal cavity, normally hangs loosely, rendering testes temperature below body temp.( @ ~ 5.4 degrees lower)-necessary for healthy sperm production ,changes in scrotal surface area help maintain temp—example -wrinkles as pulls toward body during external cold ...
UTI and C. DIfficile Infection - Virginia Medial Director`s Association
UTI and C. DIfficile Infection - Virginia Medial Director`s Association

... unexplained falls, recent onset incontinence, decreased activity or appetite). ...
Cystotomy - Canine - Brookville Road Animal Hospital
Cystotomy - Canine - Brookville Road Animal Hospital

... Struvite is the name given to the crystal composed of magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate. (Struvite is also occasionally referred to as “triple phosphate” due to an old erroneous belief that the phosphate ion was bonded to three positive ions instead of just magnesium and ammonium.) Struvite crystal ...
10/29/2012 Yet to receive Original Copyrite Info 1 Chapter 10
10/29/2012 Yet to receive Original Copyrite Info 1 Chapter 10

...  excretion of waste products of protein metabolism  (urea is the final product of protein metabolism)  regulation of blood pressure  stimulation of erythrocyte production Copyright © 2011, 2007, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. ...
Effects of Analgesic and Anesthetic Medications on Lower Urinary
Effects of Analgesic and Anesthetic Medications on Lower Urinary

... Description: The function of the lower urinary tract is under the control of several neurologic pathways. The sympathetic nervous system allows for bladder relaxation and internal sphincter contraction. This is mediated through the hypogastric nerve, and these signals originate from the spinal cord ...
Lower Abdominal Pain/Suprapubic Pain
Lower Abdominal Pain/Suprapubic Pain

... Abstract The term “lower abdomen” refers to the portion of abdomen below the umbilicus in which three topographic regions can be identified: the hypogastrium in the middle and the left and right iliac fossa, both located lateral to the hypogastrium, in the left and right inferior part of the surface ...
Daytime Wetting and Voiding Dysfunction in
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A Nonsurgical Method of Increasing the Tone of

... Everyone agrees that suitable exercises will improve the function and tone of weak stretched, atrophic muscles. A point in fact is the correction of faulty posture. Why then would it not be possible to restore through active exercise the normal anatomic relationships of pelvic structures, since they ...
Objectives Urinary Tract Infections
Objectives Urinary Tract Infections

... There are a number of things you can do to prevent urinary tract infections: Empty your bladder every three hours while you are awake, whether or not you feel an urge to do so. Avoid long intervals between urination. Drink at least six to eight glasses of water daily. Shower instead of taking a bath ...
Renal and Urinary Anatomy and Physiology This course
Renal and Urinary Anatomy and Physiology This course

... expel the urine, the average adult will void approximately five to nine times per day with a volume of about 100 to 300 mL per void (Scanlon, 2011). A triangular area called the trigone is formed by three openings in the floor of the urinary bladder. Two openings are from the ureters and form the ba ...
UTI.2005
UTI.2005

... Pyridium is OTC that provides soothing effect on urinary tract mucosa – Stains urine reddish orange that can be mistaken for blood and may stain underclothing  Effective in relieving discomfort ...
Nursing Management
Nursing Management

... age 35, more than 10 percent of women experience some degree of incontinence, with men there is a 2-7 % increase after age 35. The prevalance in individuals over sixty five range from 30% for seniors who experience independent living to 50-70% for seniors who are institutionalized ...
RN.com`s Assessment Series: Renal and Urinary Anatomy and
RN.com`s Assessment Series: Renal and Urinary Anatomy and

... Arteriole - A minute artery, especially one that, at its distal end, leads into a capillary. Ascend - To move from the lower part of the body toward the head; to move in a cephalic direction. ...
Urinary incontinence
Urinary incontinence

... * Cystoscopy - a thin tube with a tiny camera is inserted in the urethra and used to see the inside of the urethra and bladder. * Urodynamics - various techniques measure pressure in the bladder and the flow of urine. Patients are often asked to keep a diary for a day or more, up to a week, to recor ...
Robotic Prostate Surgery at Mount Sinai
Robotic Prostate Surgery at Mount Sinai

... where the support structures of the urinary mechanism are restored following prostate removal, for faster continence recovery. In addition, he was the first to publish a catheter-less robotic prostatectomy where a urethral catheter is avoided in order to minimize pain and discomfort after surgery. Dr ...
Urinary Retention as a Complication of Non-gravid
Urinary Retention as a Complication of Non-gravid

... Therefore, a careful pelvic examination (12) is important to identify patients with posterior fibroid as preventive measures listed above may reduce voiding dysfunction. ...
Normal Abnormal US
Normal Abnormal US

...  Muscular hypertrophy caused by chronic partial lower urinary tract obstruction  Emphysematous cystitis ...
urinary tract infections
urinary tract infections

... NOTE: This is a CONTROLLED document for internal use only. Any documents appearing in paper form are not controlled and shoul d be checked against the document (titled as above) on the server prior to use. T:\Microbiology\New Manual\Live Manual\URINE2 ...
Urinary Tract Infections in Long-Term–Care Facilities
Urinary Tract Infections in Long-Term–Care Facilities

... Multiple factors contribute to the high frequency of UTI in elderly long-term–care residents, and different factors are of relatively greater importance in different individuals. Age-associated physiological changes, comorbid illnesses, and interventions to manage bladder voiding are the most import ...
Recurrent urinary tract infections in females
Recurrent urinary tract infections in females

... adult women across the entire age spectrum, with mean annual incidence of 15% and 10% in those aged 15-39 and 40-79 years, respectively. Urinary tract infection (UTI), with its diverse clinical syndromes and affected host groups, remains one of the most common but widejly misunderstood and challengi ...
Chapter 18
Chapter 18

... The Urinary Bladder and the Micturition Reflex • Micturition - expulsion of urine from bladder • External urinary sphincter - voluntary control • Bladder capacity – 700-800 mL – 200-400 mL - conscious of need to urinate – micturition reflex stimulated ©2006 by Thomson Delmar Learning, a part of the ...
Chapter 14 The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions
Chapter 14 The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

... The relationship between plasma glucose concentration and the rate of glucose filtered (filtered load), reabsorbed, or excreted ...
Prostate abscess: a rare complication of brachytherapy for prostate cancer
Prostate abscess: a rare complication of brachytherapy for prostate cancer

... antigen (PSA) level of 7.3 ng/ml. The man had pursued PSA screening after his brother had brachytherapy for prostate cancer in the US. Trans-rectal ultrasound and biopsies revealed a 38-cm3 gland containing Gleason 3+3 adenocarcinoma. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging helped confirm stage T1c disease ...
Instructions for mid-stream urine samples
Instructions for mid-stream urine samples

... The MSU can be used for a routine urinalysis, a urine culture, or other urine tests that require pure urine for accurate results. How to prepare for the test The external area around the urinary tract outlet naturally contains bacteria, which can contaminate a urine sample. The MSU method is used to ...
Urinary Incontinence Assessment in Older Adults
Urinary Incontinence Assessment in Older Adults

... established (chronic) UI classified as urge, stress, overflow, functional, or a combination of these. BEST TOOLS: A variety of UI screening tools are available to assist nurses in identifying the type of established UI. Several tools evaluate for specific types of UI (e.g.: urge UI). Two tools, the ...
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Urethroplasty

In surgery, urethroplasty is the repair of an injury or defect within the walls of the urethra. There are four commonly used types of urethroplasty performed; anastomotic, buccal mucosal onlay graft, scrotal or penile island flap (graft), and Johansen's urethroplasty. The choice of procedure is dependent on factors including: physical condition of the patient overall condition of the remainder of the urethra (not affected by the stricture) the length of the defect (best determined by urethrography) multiple or misaligned strictures anatomical positioning of the defect with regard to the prostate gland, urinary sphincter, and ejaculatory duct position of the most patent area of the urethral wall (necessary for determination of the location of the onlay/graft site, most often dorsal or ventral) complications and scarring from previous surgery(ies), stent explantation (if applicable), and the condition of the urethral wall availability of autograft tissue from the buccal cavity (buccal mucosa) (primary selection) availability of autograft tissue from the penis and scrotum (secondary selection) skill level and training of the surgeon performing the procedureNote: in more complex cases, more than one type of procedure may be performed, especially where longer strictures exist.With an average operating room time of between three and eight hours, urethroplasty is not considered a minor operation. Patients who undergo a shorter duration procedure may have the convenience of returning home that same day (between 20% and 30% en total of urethroplasty patients). Hospital stays of two or three days duration are the average. More complex procedures may require a hospitalization of seven to ten days. The length-of-stay is usually determined by the: status/condition of the patient, post recovery after-effects of the anesthesia/sedation/spinal anesthesia utilized during the procedure anticipated post-surgical care, per care plan (dressing changes, packing changes, and monitoring of (any) surgical drains - if used) monitoring of the newly established urethral cysostomy (Johansen's urethroplasty) if applicable monitoring of the suprapubic catheter or Foley catheter for signs of infection and proper urine output if applicable titration of palliative and anti-spasmodic medication(s) if applicable post surgical complications if any↑ ↑
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