Informal Ministerial Meeting on Blue Growth and Ocean Governance
... 19 – 20 April 2017 Grand Master’s Palace, Valletta ...
... 19 – 20 April 2017 Grand Master’s Palace, Valletta ...
Ocean Basins
... • These canyons cut into the continental shelf and slope, ending in a deep-sea fan • Sometimes they extend from the mouth of a river that drains sediment and fast flowing water out to sea – Created by erosion like canyons on land ...
... • These canyons cut into the continental shelf and slope, ending in a deep-sea fan • Sometimes they extend from the mouth of a river that drains sediment and fast flowing water out to sea – Created by erosion like canyons on land ...
Essential Oceanography
... Distribution of species on Earth The land has more species because it has greater environmental variability than the ocean Most ocean species are benthic because of greater environmental variability compared to pelagic environments ...
... Distribution of species on Earth The land has more species because it has greater environmental variability than the ocean Most ocean species are benthic because of greater environmental variability compared to pelagic environments ...
Ocean currents
... 1. Global winds 2. Coriolis Effect 3. Continental Deflections work together to form a pattern of surface currents on Earth. Warm-water currents begin near the equator and carry warm water to other parts of the ocean. Cold-water currents begin closer to the poles and carry cool water to other parts o ...
... 1. Global winds 2. Coriolis Effect 3. Continental Deflections work together to form a pattern of surface currents on Earth. Warm-water currents begin near the equator and carry warm water to other parts of the ocean. Cold-water currents begin closer to the poles and carry cool water to other parts o ...
the midocen ridge and the black smokers
... Deep-sea hydrothermal vents occur along the midocean ridges. Several different vents have been discovered since the first site was found in 1977 near the Galapagos Islands by earth scientists in the small research submersible ALVIN. One reason that relatively few sites have been observed is that sci ...
... Deep-sea hydrothermal vents occur along the midocean ridges. Several different vents have been discovered since the first site was found in 1977 near the Galapagos Islands by earth scientists in the small research submersible ALVIN. One reason that relatively few sites have been observed is that sci ...
Detailed program
... John Bruun is an Environmental Statistician and Modelling Scientist at Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML). John is the overall academic coordinator for the summer school. John holds a strategic role at PML that builds platform of statistical science in our multi-disciplinary marine research work sett ...
... John Bruun is an Environmental Statistician and Modelling Scientist at Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML). John is the overall academic coordinator for the summer school. John holds a strategic role at PML that builds platform of statistical science in our multi-disciplinary marine research work sett ...
Prospectus - Laboratory for Microbial Oceanography
... propose to conduct a “continuous”, long-term field experiment in the NPSG on a scale and scope that has never previously been achieved. This experiment will be conducted at the Hawaii Ocean Timeseries (HOT) Sta. ALOHA, which has an extensive 23-year data archive for many relevant physical, chemical ...
... propose to conduct a “continuous”, long-term field experiment in the NPSG on a scale and scope that has never previously been achieved. This experiment will be conducted at the Hawaii Ocean Timeseries (HOT) Sta. ALOHA, which has an extensive 23-year data archive for many relevant physical, chemical ...
It Takes a Region: Ecosystem-Based Management in the Gulf of Maine
... It Takes a Region: Ecosystem-Based Management in the Gulf of Maine Andrea Cohen, MIT Sea Grant People like borders and fences. We like lines of demarcation. But the natural world has its own idea of boundaries: they’re fluid, they shift. Or as Ronald O'Dor, a professor of biology at Dalhousie Univer ...
... It Takes a Region: Ecosystem-Based Management in the Gulf of Maine Andrea Cohen, MIT Sea Grant People like borders and fences. We like lines of demarcation. But the natural world has its own idea of boundaries: they’re fluid, they shift. Or as Ronald O'Dor, a professor of biology at Dalhousie Univer ...
Driving along the ocean floor
... You may think that a continent ends at the shoreline. This is not true! A continent extends into the ocean. The area where the continent meets the ocean floor is called the continental margin. This is a part of the continent that is under water. There are three parts to a continental margin. ...
... You may think that a continent ends at the shoreline. This is not true! A continent extends into the ocean. The area where the continent meets the ocean floor is called the continental margin. This is a part of the continent that is under water. There are three parts to a continental margin. ...
Factors that shape
... The origin of mountains (orogenesis) occurs after tectonic movements make rock layers fold and overlap. All the Earth’s surface, the lithosphere, is divided into rigid areas called continental plates and oceanic plates. These lithospheric plates continuously move and whenever they bump into each oth ...
... The origin of mountains (orogenesis) occurs after tectonic movements make rock layers fold and overlap. All the Earth’s surface, the lithosphere, is divided into rigid areas called continental plates and oceanic plates. These lithospheric plates continuously move and whenever they bump into each oth ...
Factors that shape
... The origin of mountains (orogenesis) occurs after tectonic movements make rock layers fold and overlap. All the Earth’s surface, the lithosphere, is divided into rigid areas called continental plates and oceanic plates. These lithospheric plates continuously move and whenever they bump into each oth ...
... The origin of mountains (orogenesis) occurs after tectonic movements make rock layers fold and overlap. All the Earth’s surface, the lithosphere, is divided into rigid areas called continental plates and oceanic plates. These lithospheric plates continuously move and whenever they bump into each oth ...
How Do Earthquakes Tell Us About the Earth`s Interior?
... • Transform-fault margins: – Two plates slide past one another ...
... • Transform-fault margins: – Two plates slide past one another ...
Why are the oceans important?
... removed from the marine system through processes such as the formation of calcium carbonate and the creation of limestone. Carbon exists in many forms in the ocean, mainly as dissolved CO2 and organic matter in the form of small creatures, such as plankton. The largest reservoir is the deep ocean, w ...
... removed from the marine system through processes such as the formation of calcium carbonate and the creation of limestone. Carbon exists in many forms in the ocean, mainly as dissolved CO2 and organic matter in the form of small creatures, such as plankton. The largest reservoir is the deep ocean, w ...
CBD-Biodiversity
... Salt marshes, important as natural storm barriers and as habitats for shorebirds, have lost some 25% of the area they originally covered globally, and current rates of loss are estimated to be between one and two per cent per year. Salt marshes are especially important ecosystems for removing carbon ...
... Salt marshes, important as natural storm barriers and as habitats for shorebirds, have lost some 25% of the area they originally covered globally, and current rates of loss are estimated to be between one and two per cent per year. Salt marshes are especially important ecosystems for removing carbon ...
Ocean and Climate Name
... One way the ocean affects the climate in places like Europe is by carrying heat to the north in the Atlantic Ocean. Way up north, cold water in the North Atlantic ocean sinks very deep and spreads out all around the world. The sinking water is replaced by warm water near the surface that moves to th ...
... One way the ocean affects the climate in places like Europe is by carrying heat to the north in the Atlantic Ocean. Way up north, cold water in the North Atlantic ocean sinks very deep and spreads out all around the world. The sinking water is replaced by warm water near the surface that moves to th ...
Nitrogen Cycles through the Biosphere
... Concept 3-5 Matter, in the form of nutrients, cycles within and among ecosystems and the biosphere, and human activities are altering these chemical cycles. ...
... Concept 3-5 Matter, in the form of nutrients, cycles within and among ecosystems and the biosphere, and human activities are altering these chemical cycles. ...
24. Ocean Basins p. 350-372
... Oceanic crust is predominantly made of _______________ and ________________. This makes the oceanic crust denser than continental crust. It is also thinner, so because of isostacy the continents stand higher than the oceanic crust, which forms deep basins filled with water. The four major ocean basi ...
... Oceanic crust is predominantly made of _______________ and ________________. This makes the oceanic crust denser than continental crust. It is also thinner, so because of isostacy the continents stand higher than the oceanic crust, which forms deep basins filled with water. The four major ocean basi ...
Word format
... Oceanic crust is predominantly made of _______________ and ________________. This makes the oceanic crust denser than continental crust. It is also thinner, so because of isostacy the continents stand higher than the oceanic crust, which forms deep basins filled with water. The four major ocean basi ...
... Oceanic crust is predominantly made of _______________ and ________________. This makes the oceanic crust denser than continental crust. It is also thinner, so because of isostacy the continents stand higher than the oceanic crust, which forms deep basins filled with water. The four major ocean basi ...
Take Home Test #11 (16 Questions) Complete the following on your
... 13) Wegener’s theory of continental drift was not accepted until the mid-1900’s. Which of the following are technological advances that led to the acceptance of this theory and laid the ground work for plate tectonics? A. Sonar and magnetometers mapped the ocean floor and detected magnetic striping. ...
... 13) Wegener’s theory of continental drift was not accepted until the mid-1900’s. Which of the following are technological advances that led to the acceptance of this theory and laid the ground work for plate tectonics? A. Sonar and magnetometers mapped the ocean floor and detected magnetic striping. ...
Take Home Test #11 Complete the following on your own paper. Do
... 13) Wegener’s theory of continental drift was not accepted until the mid-1900’s. Which of the following are technological advances that led to the acceptance of this theory and laid the ground work for plate tectonics? A. Sonar and magnetometers mapped the ocean floor and detected magnetic striping. ...
... 13) Wegener’s theory of continental drift was not accepted until the mid-1900’s. Which of the following are technological advances that led to the acceptance of this theory and laid the ground work for plate tectonics? A. Sonar and magnetometers mapped the ocean floor and detected magnetic striping. ...
Sample Syllabus - Houston Community College
... biogenous sediments on the ocean floor. 2. Explain how marine sediments reach the ocean floor. 3. Visualize changes in sediment thickness and composition from the mid-ocean ridges to continental margins. Level 2: Comprehension 1. Describe the four major components of the Earth system. 2. Explain the ...
... biogenous sediments on the ocean floor. 2. Explain how marine sediments reach the ocean floor. 3. Visualize changes in sediment thickness and composition from the mid-ocean ridges to continental margins. Level 2: Comprehension 1. Describe the four major components of the Earth system. 2. Explain the ...
O & C C I
... extending through the water column (Figure 2). We believe that the transfer of water happens primarily for two reasons: from inherent instability of the front (i.e., the front regularly contorts and sheds swirls of water), and because wind forces the water offshore during the winter storm season. Th ...
... extending through the water column (Figure 2). We believe that the transfer of water happens primarily for two reasons: from inherent instability of the front (i.e., the front regularly contorts and sheds swirls of water), and because wind forces the water offshore during the winter storm season. Th ...
Most-Missed Questions
... Distribution of species on Earth The land has more species because it has greater environmental variability than the ocean Most ocean species are benthic because of greater environmental variability compared to pelagic environments ...
... Distribution of species on Earth The land has more species because it has greater environmental variability than the ocean Most ocean species are benthic because of greater environmental variability compared to pelagic environments ...
Wegener—Continental Drift
... can explain why crops fail. B. All volcanoes are destructive and have negative effects worldwide. C. The causes of volcanic eruptions describe why climates will change around the volcano. D. Studying the effects of volcanic eruptions can help scientists determine their impact on human life. ...
... can explain why crops fail. B. All volcanoes are destructive and have negative effects worldwide. C. The causes of volcanic eruptions describe why climates will change around the volcano. D. Studying the effects of volcanic eruptions can help scientists determine their impact on human life. ...
Ocean acidification
Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. An estimated 30–40% of the carbon dioxide from human activity released into the atmosphere dissolves into oceans, rivers and lakes. To achieve chemical equilibrium, some of it reacts with the water to form carbonic acid. Some of these extra carbonic acid molecules react with a water molecule to give a bicarbonate ion and a hydronium ion, thus increasing ocean acidity (H+ ion concentration). Between 1751 and 1994 surface ocean pH is estimated to have decreased from approximately 8.25 to 8.14, representing an increase of almost 30% in H+ ion concentration in the world's oceans. Since current and projected ocean pH levels are above 7.0, the oceans are technically alkaline now and will remain so; referring to this effect as ""decreasing ocean alkalinity"" would be equally correct if less politically useful. Earth System Models project that within the last decade ocean acidity exceeded historical analogs and in combination with other ocean biogeochemical changes could undermine the functioning of marine ecosystems and disrupt the provision of many goods and services associated with the ocean.Increasing acidity is thought to have a range of possibly harmful consequences, such as depressing metabolic rates and immune responses in some organisms, and causing coral bleaching. This also causes decreasing oxygen levels as it kills off algae.Other chemical reactions are triggered which result in a net decrease in the amount of carbonate ions available. This makes it more difficult for marine calcifying organisms, such as coral and some plankton, to form biogenic calcium carbonate, and such structures become vulnerable to dissolution. Ongoing acidification of the oceans threatens food chains connected with the oceans. As members of the InterAcademy Panel, 105 science academies have issued a statement on ocean acidification recommending that by 2050, global CO2 emissions be reduced by at least 50% compared to the 1990 level.Ocean acidification has been called the ""evil twin of global warming"" and ""the other CO2 problem"".Ocean acidification has occurred previously in Earth's history. The most notable example is the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), which occurred approximately 56 million years ago. For reasons that are currently uncertain, massive amounts of carbon entered the ocean and atmosphere, and led to the dissolution of carbonate sediments in all ocean basins.