x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3
... Materials of different densities separate out in a process called Differentiation: denser materials sink to Earth’s core and less dense materials rise the surface. ...
... Materials of different densities separate out in a process called Differentiation: denser materials sink to Earth’s core and less dense materials rise the surface. ...
requirements necessary to obtain an Oceanography Merit Badge
... important properties of water. Tell how the animals and plants of the ocean affect the chemical composition of seawater. Explain how differences in evaporation and precipitation affect the salt content of the oceans. 6. Describe some of the biologically important properties of seawater. Define benth ...
... important properties of water. Tell how the animals and plants of the ocean affect the chemical composition of seawater. Explain how differences in evaporation and precipitation affect the salt content of the oceans. 6. Describe some of the biologically important properties of seawater. Define benth ...
Studying the Ocean Biosphere - USF College of Marine Science
... 4) Now that we have our hypothesis, an experiment must be designed and performed using controlled conditions to test the hypothesis. When scientists perform experiments, they are careful to manipulate or change only one condition (the independent variable) at a time. All other conditions (the depen ...
... 4) Now that we have our hypothesis, an experiment must be designed and performed using controlled conditions to test the hypothesis. When scientists perform experiments, they are careful to manipulate or change only one condition (the independent variable) at a time. All other conditions (the depen ...
Oceanography Chapter 4 Bathymetry
... Biggest shelf –Arctic Sea north of Siberia ♦ Width depends not only on tectonics but also on sedimentation rates Florida’s Coasts 1. East – Gulf stream scours sediment away 2. West- broad shelf Continental Shelves are greatly influenced by sea level ♦ Low level - erosion transport of sediments ♦ Hig ...
... Biggest shelf –Arctic Sea north of Siberia ♦ Width depends not only on tectonics but also on sedimentation rates Florida’s Coasts 1. East – Gulf stream scours sediment away 2. West- broad shelf Continental Shelves are greatly influenced by sea level ♦ Low level - erosion transport of sediments ♦ Hig ...
1 One of the most important aspects of understanding ocean life is
... plankton. Plankton are often microscopic in size, poor swimmers or floaters, and make up the bottom of the ocean food chain. Variations in the abundance, location, and type of plankton affects almost all other marine life. They are also very sensitive to abiotic factors in the ocean, particularly nu ...
... plankton. Plankton are often microscopic in size, poor swimmers or floaters, and make up the bottom of the ocean food chain. Variations in the abundance, location, and type of plankton affects almost all other marine life. They are also very sensitive to abiotic factors in the ocean, particularly nu ...
2014 Ocean Sciences Meeting 27 February 2014 8:45 a.m.
... Scientists are also piloting a project using instruments ingested by sharks and other top ocean predators, like tuna, to gain new awareness into these animals’ feeding habits. The instruments, which use electrical measurements to track ingestion and digestion of prey, can help researchers understand ...
... Scientists are also piloting a project using instruments ingested by sharks and other top ocean predators, like tuna, to gain new awareness into these animals’ feeding habits. The instruments, which use electrical measurements to track ingestion and digestion of prey, can help researchers understand ...
Part 2…Plate Tectonics
... 1. How much of the earth’s surface is beneath the water? 2. What was the ocean bottom thought to be like in early times/ 3. What technologic advances greatly improved our ability to envision the ocean bottom? 4. What is the mid ocean ridge system? What are its dimensions? 5. What interesting propert ...
... 1. How much of the earth’s surface is beneath the water? 2. What was the ocean bottom thought to be like in early times/ 3. What technologic advances greatly improved our ability to envision the ocean bottom? 4. What is the mid ocean ridge system? What are its dimensions? 5. What interesting propert ...
to Ch. 14, 16 Notes
... 2. List Earth’s four main ocean basins and identify their locations. 3. Describe the topography of the ocean floor and compare it to land. 4. Identify and describe three major technologies used to study the ocean floor. 5. List the three main regions of the ocean floor. 6. Differentiate between the ...
... 2. List Earth’s four main ocean basins and identify their locations. 3. Describe the topography of the ocean floor and compare it to land. 4. Identify and describe three major technologies used to study the ocean floor. 5. List the three main regions of the ocean floor. 6. Differentiate between the ...
Dec 2 Recommendations on Oceans and Climate – long
... --Develop capacity for coastal and marine adaptation (e.g., mainstreaming climate change adaptation into integrated coastal area management/planning, disaster preparedness, land-use planning, environmental conservation, and national plans for sustainable development), mitigation (e.g., management of ...
... --Develop capacity for coastal and marine adaptation (e.g., mainstreaming climate change adaptation into integrated coastal area management/planning, disaster preparedness, land-use planning, environmental conservation, and national plans for sustainable development), mitigation (e.g., management of ...
1: The earth is divided into continents and oceans
... Phanerozoic records of magnetic polar wander from Europe and North America disagree…unless they have moved relative to each other (or, the shape of the Earth’s magnetic field has varied) ...
... Phanerozoic records of magnetic polar wander from Europe and North America disagree…unless they have moved relative to each other (or, the shape of the Earth’s magnetic field has varied) ...
North Atlantic coastal ecosystems at threat due to climate change
... Rising temperatures, acidified seawater and increased storminess are driving profound changes in the marine ecosystems of the North Atlantic, according to a new report. These changes to the climate, combined with increasing levels of pressure placed on the marine environment from man, are affecting ...
... Rising temperatures, acidified seawater and increased storminess are driving profound changes in the marine ecosystems of the North Atlantic, according to a new report. These changes to the climate, combined with increasing levels of pressure placed on the marine environment from man, are affecting ...
A pinch of salt. A World of Science, 7, 21 - TEOS-10
... will incorporate non-electrolytes using tables that account for how these additional subfrom conductivity, as opposed to oldstances vary region by region. Once again, the latitude and longitude at which the seawater samples are taken will play an important role in calculating salinity. fashioned che ...
... will incorporate non-electrolytes using tables that account for how these additional subfrom conductivity, as opposed to oldstances vary region by region. Once again, the latitude and longitude at which the seawater samples are taken will play an important role in calculating salinity. fashioned che ...
AP Chapter 5 Study Guide - Bennatti
... Acid deposition- sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide emissions that react with water vapor in the atmosphere to form acids that return to the surface as either dry or wet deposition. Aerosols- tiny particles of natural or human-made pollution that are so small they stay suspended in the atmosphere f ...
... Acid deposition- sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide emissions that react with water vapor in the atmosphere to form acids that return to the surface as either dry or wet deposition. Aerosols- tiny particles of natural or human-made pollution that are so small they stay suspended in the atmosphere f ...
Section 2 The Ocean Floor
... Ocean-Floor Basics Imagine being an explorer assigned to map uncharted areas on Earth. You might think that there are not many areas on Earth left to explore. But what about the bottom of the ocean? Because it is underwater and some areas are so deep, much of the ocean floor is still not completely ...
... Ocean-Floor Basics Imagine being an explorer assigned to map uncharted areas on Earth. You might think that there are not many areas on Earth left to explore. But what about the bottom of the ocean? Because it is underwater and some areas are so deep, much of the ocean floor is still not completely ...
File
... The forms of these animals include crustaceans and shell fish. The deep bottom environments are sparsely populated with benthos. Some benthos are plants that live on the ocean floor in shallow waters where sun can penetrate. ...
... The forms of these animals include crustaceans and shell fish. The deep bottom environments are sparsely populated with benthos. Some benthos are plants that live on the ocean floor in shallow waters where sun can penetrate. ...
Part 1: The Factors of Life!
... We have established that sunlight is essential for photosynthesis to occur. But as light strikes the surface of the water, much is reflected back. The more movement made by the water, the more light is reflected off of the surface and back into the atmosphere. Most visible light waves are absorbed w ...
... We have established that sunlight is essential for photosynthesis to occur. But as light strikes the surface of the water, much is reflected back. The more movement made by the water, the more light is reflected off of the surface and back into the atmosphere. Most visible light waves are absorbed w ...
Climate Change - COSEE Florida
... Rising Sea Level • Severely affect areas with gently sloping coastlines – U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coasts • Models predict rise between 0.5 and 1.4 meters (1.6 and 4.6 feet) by year 2100 ...
... Rising Sea Level • Severely affect areas with gently sloping coastlines – U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coasts • Models predict rise between 0.5 and 1.4 meters (1.6 and 4.6 feet) by year 2100 ...
Climate change impact on Oceans
... CO2 and the warmth humans are imposing on earth – Ocean circulation is likely to slowdown in a warmer world leading to • Big changes in regional climate • Lower CO2 uptake and therefore more work for us to do • Lower biological productivity and consequences to fishing industry ...
... CO2 and the warmth humans are imposing on earth – Ocean circulation is likely to slowdown in a warmer world leading to • Big changes in regional climate • Lower CO2 uptake and therefore more work for us to do • Lower biological productivity and consequences to fishing industry ...
Student Notes
... are covered in single celled organisms called calcareous or siliceous depending on elements found (called ooze, if enough), depending on the chemistry of the water much of the biogenous sediments are dissolved before they reach the ocean floor 3.What are Hydrogenous sediments? -created by seawater _ ...
... are covered in single celled organisms called calcareous or siliceous depending on elements found (called ooze, if enough), depending on the chemistry of the water much of the biogenous sediments are dissolved before they reach the ocean floor 3.What are Hydrogenous sediments? -created by seawater _ ...
Status of the Beaufort Gyre Observing System (BGOS
... undersaturated with respect to aragonite in 2008 - the first sign of acidification in the global deep ocean (Yamamoto-Kawai et al., 2009b). Three factors contributed: reduced sea-ice extent (~30%), increased sea-ice melt (~30%), and anthropogenic CO2 (~40%). The deeper Pacific Winter Water is also u ...
... undersaturated with respect to aragonite in 2008 - the first sign of acidification in the global deep ocean (Yamamoto-Kawai et al., 2009b). Three factors contributed: reduced sea-ice extent (~30%), increased sea-ice melt (~30%), and anthropogenic CO2 (~40%). The deeper Pacific Winter Water is also u ...
Prescott`s Microbiology, 9th Edition 30 Microorganisms in Marine
... b. At higher temperatures and with lower pressure the solubility of oxygen in water is further decreased 2. Carbon dioxide a. Important in many chemical and biological processes b. The carbonate equilibrium system buffers the pH of water, with seawater highly buffered by the interplay of carbon diox ...
... b. At higher temperatures and with lower pressure the solubility of oxygen in water is further decreased 2. Carbon dioxide a. Important in many chemical and biological processes b. The carbonate equilibrium system buffers the pH of water, with seawater highly buffered by the interplay of carbon diox ...
Chapter 9. Conclusions on Major Ecosystem Services Other than
... commerce. Prices in different markets are readily available and comparisons are possible. It is not that simple, however, for certain types of benefits, for example, when subsistence livelihoods that do not enter into trade are concerned, or other intangible cultural, recreational, religious or spir ...
... commerce. Prices in different markets are readily available and comparisons are possible. It is not that simple, however, for certain types of benefits, for example, when subsistence livelihoods that do not enter into trade are concerned, or other intangible cultural, recreational, religious or spir ...
FAQ 6.1 | Could Rapid Release of Methane and Carbon
... Modelling studies of permafrost dynamics and greenhouse gas emissions indicate a relatively slow positive feedback, on time scales of hundreds of years. Until the year 2100, up to 250 PgC could be released as CO2, and up to 5 Pg as CH4. Given methane’s stronger greenhouse warming potential, that cor ...
... Modelling studies of permafrost dynamics and greenhouse gas emissions indicate a relatively slow positive feedback, on time scales of hundreds of years. Until the year 2100, up to 250 PgC could be released as CO2, and up to 5 Pg as CH4. Given methane’s stronger greenhouse warming potential, that cor ...
Continental Margins and Marginal Seas
... carbonate per unit area accumulate in the coastal oceans than in the open oceans. In addition, the gas exchange fluxes of carbon and nitrogen in the coastal waters are considerably higher than in the open oceans per unit area. As a result, around 14 per cent of total global ocean production, 80-90 p ...
... carbonate per unit area accumulate in the coastal oceans than in the open oceans. In addition, the gas exchange fluxes of carbon and nitrogen in the coastal waters are considerably higher than in the open oceans per unit area. As a result, around 14 per cent of total global ocean production, 80-90 p ...
An Educator`s Guide - American Museum of Natural History
... diversity and balance of life in the ocean. Though vast, the ocean is actually quite fragile and vulnerable. ...
... diversity and balance of life in the ocean. Though vast, the ocean is actually quite fragile and vulnerable. ...
Ocean acidification
Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. An estimated 30–40% of the carbon dioxide from human activity released into the atmosphere dissolves into oceans, rivers and lakes. To achieve chemical equilibrium, some of it reacts with the water to form carbonic acid. Some of these extra carbonic acid molecules react with a water molecule to give a bicarbonate ion and a hydronium ion, thus increasing ocean acidity (H+ ion concentration). Between 1751 and 1994 surface ocean pH is estimated to have decreased from approximately 8.25 to 8.14, representing an increase of almost 30% in H+ ion concentration in the world's oceans. Since current and projected ocean pH levels are above 7.0, the oceans are technically alkaline now and will remain so; referring to this effect as ""decreasing ocean alkalinity"" would be equally correct if less politically useful. Earth System Models project that within the last decade ocean acidity exceeded historical analogs and in combination with other ocean biogeochemical changes could undermine the functioning of marine ecosystems and disrupt the provision of many goods and services associated with the ocean.Increasing acidity is thought to have a range of possibly harmful consequences, such as depressing metabolic rates and immune responses in some organisms, and causing coral bleaching. This also causes decreasing oxygen levels as it kills off algae.Other chemical reactions are triggered which result in a net decrease in the amount of carbonate ions available. This makes it more difficult for marine calcifying organisms, such as coral and some plankton, to form biogenic calcium carbonate, and such structures become vulnerable to dissolution. Ongoing acidification of the oceans threatens food chains connected with the oceans. As members of the InterAcademy Panel, 105 science academies have issued a statement on ocean acidification recommending that by 2050, global CO2 emissions be reduced by at least 50% compared to the 1990 level.Ocean acidification has been called the ""evil twin of global warming"" and ""the other CO2 problem"".Ocean acidification has occurred previously in Earth's history. The most notable example is the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), which occurred approximately 56 million years ago. For reasons that are currently uncertain, massive amounts of carbon entered the ocean and atmosphere, and led to the dissolution of carbonate sediments in all ocean basins.