Ocean basin features
... by a single shade of blue. You will load a new legend that classifies depth using different colors. (To speed things up, you will not turn the themes on until after you have loaded all of the legends.) Click the QuickLoad button , select the Atlantic Bathymetry legend, and click OK. Repeat this proc ...
... by a single shade of blue. You will load a new legend that classifies depth using different colors. (To speed things up, you will not turn the themes on until after you have loaded all of the legends.) Click the QuickLoad button , select the Atlantic Bathymetry legend, and click OK. Repeat this proc ...
PDF of this article
... and heavy rain occurs more often. At the same time, there have been decreases in snow cover, in annual duration of lake and river ice cover, in the frequency of very low temperature events, and in the daily temperature range. Most scientists agree that much of this warming and variability is a direc ...
... and heavy rain occurs more often. At the same time, there have been decreases in snow cover, in annual duration of lake and river ice cover, in the frequency of very low temperature events, and in the daily temperature range. Most scientists agree that much of this warming and variability is a direc ...
Plastic Pollution and The Ocean
... helping to mitigate human-caused global warming and climate change. In the last 200 years, the ocean has absorbed 1/3 of the CO2 produced by human activities and over 90% of the extra heat trapped by the rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases.3 ...
... helping to mitigate human-caused global warming and climate change. In the last 200 years, the ocean has absorbed 1/3 of the CO2 produced by human activities and over 90% of the extra heat trapped by the rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases.3 ...
VOLCANIC FEATURES OF THE CENTRAL ATLANTIC OCEAN
... super-continents. Sub-lithospheric alkaline magmas collected during this event and moved rapidly to the surface along extensional fracture zones and fracture intersections, in the oceans as well as in adjacent continents within the same plates. The few linear seamount chains in the central Atlantic ...
... super-continents. Sub-lithospheric alkaline magmas collected during this event and moved rapidly to the surface along extensional fracture zones and fracture intersections, in the oceans as well as in adjacent continents within the same plates. The few linear seamount chains in the central Atlantic ...
Port Call Activity Plan Honolulu, May 6, 2009
... Target Messages • The U.S. is committed to leading the world in scientific investigation of the Earth and the ocean environment. • IODP is integral to climate change research and to the scientists who conduct climate change research. • The global IODP community relies on the JR for support in ocean ...
... Target Messages • The U.S. is committed to leading the world in scientific investigation of the Earth and the ocean environment. • IODP is integral to climate change research and to the scientists who conduct climate change research. • The global IODP community relies on the JR for support in ocean ...
ocean zones
... The tallest mountains, the deepest valleys, and the flattest plains on earth are all on the ocean floor! ...
... The tallest mountains, the deepest valleys, and the flattest plains on earth are all on the ocean floor! ...
Ocean Floor
... of salt in the ocean ¤ At the equator, where the sun has a greater impact on the ocean, the water becomes hotter and more water evaporates ¤ The more water that evaporates, the higher the salinity of the remaining water ¤ Salty water is heavier and sinks ¤ Less salty water rises ¤ This sin ...
... of salt in the ocean ¤ At the equator, where the sun has a greater impact on the ocean, the water becomes hotter and more water evaporates ¤ The more water that evaporates, the higher the salinity of the remaining water ¤ Salty water is heavier and sinks ¤ Less salty water rises ¤ This sin ...
Chapter 1 Study Guide – Plate Tectonics
... What are the three main layers of the Earth and what are they made up of? a. crust – a layer of solid rock that includes both dry land and ocean floor b. mantle – very hot rock that is solid c. core – made mostly of iron and nickel. It has a liquid outer core and a solid inner core ...
... What are the three main layers of the Earth and what are they made up of? a. crust – a layer of solid rock that includes both dry land and ocean floor b. mantle – very hot rock that is solid c. core – made mostly of iron and nickel. It has a liquid outer core and a solid inner core ...
Week 2
... high, it means more photosynthesis was taking place. Thus, if the 13C/12C ratio in the sediment is low, less photosynthesis was taking place and more precipitation of carbonates occurs. Evidence of a Snowball earth include: (1) paleomagnetism - When sedimentary rocks form, magnetic minerals within t ...
... high, it means more photosynthesis was taking place. Thus, if the 13C/12C ratio in the sediment is low, less photosynthesis was taking place and more precipitation of carbonates occurs. Evidence of a Snowball earth include: (1) paleomagnetism - When sedimentary rocks form, magnetic minerals within t ...
Marine Ecosystems - Distribution Access
... biomes — Areas of the world that have similar climates and ecosystems, usually named for a dominant feature.A biome contains many smaller specialized ecosystems.There are two types of aquatic biomes: freshwater and marine. ecosystem — A place where communities of living things interact with each oth ...
... biomes — Areas of the world that have similar climates and ecosystems, usually named for a dominant feature.A biome contains many smaller specialized ecosystems.There are two types of aquatic biomes: freshwater and marine. ecosystem — A place where communities of living things interact with each oth ...
PPT
... Autotroph: Grows on non-organic forms of carbon and energy. For example, phytoplankton are autotrophs - they use CO2 for their carbon and use sun light for their energy Heterotroph: Uses carbon and energy contained in preformed organic carbon for growth. For example, herbivorous zooplankton consume ...
... Autotroph: Grows on non-organic forms of carbon and energy. For example, phytoplankton are autotrophs - they use CO2 for their carbon and use sun light for their energy Heterotroph: Uses carbon and energy contained in preformed organic carbon for growth. For example, herbivorous zooplankton consume ...
11.2 OCEAN CURRENTS
... Like air, warm water rises, and cool water falls ____________________________ = cool, dense water moving on an ocean floor. Three layers of water dependent on temperature: ________________: 0 - 200 m, warmest ________________: 200 m - 1 km, rapidly cools ________________: 1 km and deeper ...
... Like air, warm water rises, and cool water falls ____________________________ = cool, dense water moving on an ocean floor. Three layers of water dependent on temperature: ________________: 0 - 200 m, warmest ________________: 200 m - 1 km, rapidly cools ________________: 1 km and deeper ...
The geological carbon cycle
... attribute the observed 0.6 degree C increase in global average temperature over the past century mainly to increases in atmospheric CO2. Without substantive changes in global patterns of fossil fuel consumption and deforestation, warming trends are likely to continue. However, this excess CO2 is not ...
... attribute the observed 0.6 degree C increase in global average temperature over the past century mainly to increases in atmospheric CO2. Without substantive changes in global patterns of fossil fuel consumption and deforestation, warming trends are likely to continue. However, this excess CO2 is not ...
Changes Within the Earth
... movement of the tectonic plates on which they ride 2. proposed by Alfred Wegener who said that there once was a single “supercontinent” 3. Pangaea – the supercontinent that began to break apart 180 million years ago 4. supported his theory by finding fossils (preserved remains of ancient animals & p ...
... movement of the tectonic plates on which they ride 2. proposed by Alfred Wegener who said that there once was a single “supercontinent” 3. Pangaea – the supercontinent that began to break apart 180 million years ago 4. supported his theory by finding fossils (preserved remains of ancient animals & p ...
Chap7Sect2 -Cont Drift and Sea-floor
... center of the mid-ocean ridge. It then pushes aside the rock that was already there. ...
... center of the mid-ocean ridge. It then pushes aside the rock that was already there. ...
sea-floor spreading - Science with Ms. Flythe
... that determines the distance of an under water object by recording echoes of sound waves • The time it takes for the echo to arrive tells the distance to the object ...
... that determines the distance of an under water object by recording echoes of sound waves • The time it takes for the echo to arrive tells the distance to the object ...
The process where the lithosphere plunges back into the interior of
... Plate movement occurs at the ...
... Plate movement occurs at the ...
The exchange of inorganic carbon on the Canadian Beaufort Shelf
... (1) Dalhousie University, Department of Oceanography, Halifax, NS, Canada (helmuth.thomas@dal.ca), (2) University of Alberta, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Edmonton, Alberta ...
... (1) Dalhousie University, Department of Oceanography, Halifax, NS, Canada (helmuth.thomas@dal.ca), (2) University of Alberta, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Edmonton, Alberta ...
Can Ocean Models Help to Understand the Role of the Ocean in
... Keith Rodgers, Princeton University ...
... Keith Rodgers, Princeton University ...
StudyGuide-for-Oceans-2015-key
... 30. A large stream of moving water that flows through an ocean is known as a _Current_.In the 31. Surface currents are caused by _____Wind____. 32. Northern Hemisphere currents curve to the right because of the Coriolis Effect_ 33. A large powerful warm surface current in the Atlantic Ocean that aff ...
... 30. A large stream of moving water that flows through an ocean is known as a _Current_.In the 31. Surface currents are caused by _____Wind____. 32. Northern Hemisphere currents curve to the right because of the Coriolis Effect_ 33. A large powerful warm surface current in the Atlantic Ocean that aff ...
Week 9a
... Carbon dioxide dissolved in seawater first reacts with the water molecule (H2O) to form carbonic acid (H2CO3). CO2 + H2O = H2CO3 BUT, not all the CO2 dissolved in seawater reacts to make carbonic acid and therefore seawater contains dissolved gaseous CO2 (as in carbonated soda drinks). Carbonic aci ...
... Carbon dioxide dissolved in seawater first reacts with the water molecule (H2O) to form carbonic acid (H2CO3). CO2 + H2O = H2CO3 BUT, not all the CO2 dissolved in seawater reacts to make carbonic acid and therefore seawater contains dissolved gaseous CO2 (as in carbonated soda drinks). Carbonic aci ...
Origin and Structure of the Ocean Basins - GMCbiology
... D. Driving forces for these changes • Thermal convection hypothesis High temperature from the core heats the mantle; decreased density causes movement closer to the crust (lower density above is heated and starts moving due to heat below); circular motion occurs called thermal convection cells ...
... D. Driving forces for these changes • Thermal convection hypothesis High temperature from the core heats the mantle; decreased density causes movement closer to the crust (lower density above is heated and starts moving due to heat below); circular motion occurs called thermal convection cells ...
Ocean acidification
Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. An estimated 30–40% of the carbon dioxide from human activity released into the atmosphere dissolves into oceans, rivers and lakes. To achieve chemical equilibrium, some of it reacts with the water to form carbonic acid. Some of these extra carbonic acid molecules react with a water molecule to give a bicarbonate ion and a hydronium ion, thus increasing ocean acidity (H+ ion concentration). Between 1751 and 1994 surface ocean pH is estimated to have decreased from approximately 8.25 to 8.14, representing an increase of almost 30% in H+ ion concentration in the world's oceans. Since current and projected ocean pH levels are above 7.0, the oceans are technically alkaline now and will remain so; referring to this effect as ""decreasing ocean alkalinity"" would be equally correct if less politically useful. Earth System Models project that within the last decade ocean acidity exceeded historical analogs and in combination with other ocean biogeochemical changes could undermine the functioning of marine ecosystems and disrupt the provision of many goods and services associated with the ocean.Increasing acidity is thought to have a range of possibly harmful consequences, such as depressing metabolic rates and immune responses in some organisms, and causing coral bleaching. This also causes decreasing oxygen levels as it kills off algae.Other chemical reactions are triggered which result in a net decrease in the amount of carbonate ions available. This makes it more difficult for marine calcifying organisms, such as coral and some plankton, to form biogenic calcium carbonate, and such structures become vulnerable to dissolution. Ongoing acidification of the oceans threatens food chains connected with the oceans. As members of the InterAcademy Panel, 105 science academies have issued a statement on ocean acidification recommending that by 2050, global CO2 emissions be reduced by at least 50% compared to the 1990 level.Ocean acidification has been called the ""evil twin of global warming"" and ""the other CO2 problem"".Ocean acidification has occurred previously in Earth's history. The most notable example is the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), which occurred approximately 56 million years ago. For reasons that are currently uncertain, massive amounts of carbon entered the ocean and atmosphere, and led to the dissolution of carbonate sediments in all ocean basins.