Plate Tectonics Theory.
... The seafloor spreads apart along both sides of a mid ocean ridge like a conveyer belt. ...
... The seafloor spreads apart along both sides of a mid ocean ridge like a conveyer belt. ...
Ocean
... • Storing and transporting large amounts of heat, freshwater, and carbon; exchanging these properties with the atmosphere. • ~93% of the excess heat energy stored in the ocean over last 50 yrs; • >3/4 of total exchange of water (evaporation, precipitation) takes place over the oceans; • 50 times mor ...
... • Storing and transporting large amounts of heat, freshwater, and carbon; exchanging these properties with the atmosphere. • ~93% of the excess heat energy stored in the ocean over last 50 yrs; • >3/4 of total exchange of water (evaporation, precipitation) takes place over the oceans; • 50 times mor ...
Marine Chemistry and Sediments Test Review
... The ocean has a higher buffering capacity than rivers and lakes. This is due to the amount of dissolved inorganic carbon found in the ocean. This makes the ocean less prone to large pH swings when acids or bases are added whether it be from sewage outfalls or acid rain. Information can be found in t ...
... The ocean has a higher buffering capacity than rivers and lakes. This is due to the amount of dissolved inorganic carbon found in the ocean. This makes the ocean less prone to large pH swings when acids or bases are added whether it be from sewage outfalls or acid rain. Information can be found in t ...
DC = Dissolved Carbon
... (organisms). When you have completed this figure, then pair up with another student in class and discuss your answers. ...
... (organisms). When you have completed this figure, then pair up with another student in class and discuss your answers. ...
Table 7.6. Common features of the seafloor and coastline
... Abyssal plain. A flat region of deep ocean basins. Alluvial fan. A broad, sloping deposit of sediments at the mouth of a river or at the foot of a submarine canyon or a river canyon. Atoll. A ring-shaped coral reef surrounding a lagoon. It may have low sand islands. Atolls rest on submerged volcanic ...
... Abyssal plain. A flat region of deep ocean basins. Alluvial fan. A broad, sloping deposit of sediments at the mouth of a river or at the foot of a submarine canyon or a river canyon. Atoll. A ring-shaped coral reef surrounding a lagoon. It may have low sand islands. Atolls rest on submerged volcanic ...
How can there be life
... Medieval seafarers told tales of giant squid and colossal whales, glimpsed in rare moments at the ocean surface. (It wasn’t until the advent of SCUBA technology that we saw the blue whale underwater, and the giant squid has yet to be observed.) But the ocean’s sunless depths and unseen floor could h ...
... Medieval seafarers told tales of giant squid and colossal whales, glimpsed in rare moments at the ocean surface. (It wasn’t until the advent of SCUBA technology that we saw the blue whale underwater, and the giant squid has yet to be observed.) But the ocean’s sunless depths and unseen floor could h ...
Atlantic Ocean
... Seas in a ship’s ballast water. Its dynamic extension caused significant falls in the fish stocks haven exhausted the zooplankton, including fish larvae, so their numbers have fallen dramatically. ...
... Seas in a ship’s ballast water. Its dynamic extension caused significant falls in the fish stocks haven exhausted the zooplankton, including fish larvae, so their numbers have fallen dramatically. ...
Chapter 1 The Growth of Oceanography
... by Ocean (remember that! It’ll become really important later…); while only 61% of the Northern Hemisphere is covered – WHY? • The Oceans are 4X as deep as the Continents are high (average depth = 2.5 miles). • The Pacific (Ocean) is so huge that it covers almost ½ of the Earth’s surface; it is also ...
... by Ocean (remember that! It’ll become really important later…); while only 61% of the Northern Hemisphere is covered – WHY? • The Oceans are 4X as deep as the Continents are high (average depth = 2.5 miles). • The Pacific (Ocean) is so huge that it covers almost ½ of the Earth’s surface; it is also ...
2.13 Divergent Plate Boundaries
... Split down the middle by a rift valley, which extrudes lava The Bay of Fundy began as a divergent plate boundary that never completely developed into an ocean ...
... Split down the middle by a rift valley, which extrudes lava The Bay of Fundy began as a divergent plate boundary that never completely developed into an ocean ...
Earth Systems:
... • Deep ocean water is always ______, even in tropical oceans. It ranges from 0°C to 3°C. • Beneath roughly 100 m, temperatures decrease continuously with depth to around ______°C at 1000 m. The dark waters below 1000 m have fairly uniform temperatures of less than 4°C. • Based on these temperature v ...
... • Deep ocean water is always ______, even in tropical oceans. It ranges from 0°C to 3°C. • Beneath roughly 100 m, temperatures decrease continuously with depth to around ______°C at 1000 m. The dark waters below 1000 m have fairly uniform temperatures of less than 4°C. • Based on these temperature v ...
Arctic Ocean Paleoceanography and Future IODP Drilling
... Although the Arctic Ocean is a major player in the global climate/earth system, this region is one of the last major physiographic provinces on Earth where the short- and long-term geological history is still poorly known. This lack in knowledge is mainly due to the major technological/logistical pr ...
... Although the Arctic Ocean is a major player in the global climate/earth system, this region is one of the last major physiographic provinces on Earth where the short- and long-term geological history is still poorly known. This lack in knowledge is mainly due to the major technological/logistical pr ...
Chapter 11: The Early-to-Middle Paleozoic World
... o The rifting and continued movement of continents cause seafloor spreading centers to displace large amounts of water out of the ocean basins, producing epicontinental seas and decreasing Earth’s albedo o Rifting, subduction and volcanism produced large amounts of CO2; no plants yet existed on land ...
... o The rifting and continued movement of continents cause seafloor spreading centers to displace large amounts of water out of the ocean basins, producing epicontinental seas and decreasing Earth’s albedo o Rifting, subduction and volcanism produced large amounts of CO2; no plants yet existed on land ...
germany`s new research center for marine geosciences (geomar)
... located on a fjord open to the western Baltic Sea, with easy access for research ships of all nations. G E O M A R has a 500m-long dock suitable for most ocean-going research vessels. The Technology Park will be located directly across the l]ord from the Institut fiir Meereskunde and the University. ...
... located on a fjord open to the western Baltic Sea, with easy access for research ships of all nations. G E O M A R has a 500m-long dock suitable for most ocean-going research vessels. The Technology Park will be located directly across the l]ord from the Institut fiir Meereskunde and the University. ...
Slide 1
... The movement of these waters is the result of differences in density. Cold water is more dense than warm water. Salinity is also a factor in density. When water freezes, the salt in the water does not freeze, but stays in the unfrozen water. Water in polar regions therefore is more dense. The dense ...
... The movement of these waters is the result of differences in density. Cold water is more dense than warm water. Salinity is also a factor in density. When water freezes, the salt in the water does not freeze, but stays in the unfrozen water. Water in polar regions therefore is more dense. The dense ...
Ocean tides result mainly from
... On Earth, the highest high tides and the lowest low tides will most likely occur during which phase of the moon? A. B. C. D. ...
... On Earth, the highest high tides and the lowest low tides will most likely occur during which phase of the moon? A. B. C. D. ...
Climate Matters at Scripps Oceanography
... Scripps biological oceanographer Lisa Levin has documented trends in ocean deoxygenation caused by climate change. She has found evidence that declining oxygen levels, acidifying ocean waters, and rising water temperatures can be expected to substantially reduce biodiversity along continental margin ...
... Scripps biological oceanographer Lisa Levin has documented trends in ocean deoxygenation caused by climate change. She has found evidence that declining oxygen levels, acidifying ocean waters, and rising water temperatures can be expected to substantially reduce biodiversity along continental margin ...
Chapter 2 – Plate Tectonics
... pulled to the center of the earth by gravity. differentiation The earth slowly cools, thin crust hardens and water condenses into liquid. The earth just happens to be the right distance from the sun. No water no life! ...
... pulled to the center of the earth by gravity. differentiation The earth slowly cools, thin crust hardens and water condenses into liquid. The earth just happens to be the right distance from the sun. No water no life! ...
Ocean Zones
... constant pounding of the waves and changes in both salinity and temperature. They must also withstand periods of being underwater (wet) and periods of being exposed to the air. (dry) clip 4 ...
... constant pounding of the waves and changes in both salinity and temperature. They must also withstand periods of being underwater (wet) and periods of being exposed to the air. (dry) clip 4 ...
argon serengeti
... investigating a phenomenon known as the Great Calcite Belt. It appears in satellite images as a vast milky-white band in the ocean encircling Antarctica. Its color comes from the rich concentrations of the mineral calcite in the waters near the surface. Scientists hypothesize that these high calcite ...
... investigating a phenomenon known as the Great Calcite Belt. It appears in satellite images as a vast milky-white band in the ocean encircling Antarctica. Its color comes from the rich concentrations of the mineral calcite in the waters near the surface. Scientists hypothesize that these high calcite ...
Group Quiz Review Game
... 1b. This area is usually associated with shield volcanoes and slow, quiet eruptions. 2b. It is generally very thick. 3b. Shallow focus earthquakes occur just below this ocean feature. 4b. This process occurs when oceanic and continental plates collide (or oceanic and oceanic plates collide). 5b. It ...
... 1b. This area is usually associated with shield volcanoes and slow, quiet eruptions. 2b. It is generally very thick. 3b. Shallow focus earthquakes occur just below this ocean feature. 4b. This process occurs when oceanic and continental plates collide (or oceanic and oceanic plates collide). 5b. It ...
Seafloor Spreading
... Ocean floor moves like a ___________________________ carrying continents with it. __________________ ocean floor forms along cracks in the ocean crust as molten material erupts from the mantle spreading out and pushing ________________ rocks to the sides of the crack. New ocean floor is constantly a ...
... Ocean floor moves like a ___________________________ carrying continents with it. __________________ ocean floor forms along cracks in the ocean crust as molten material erupts from the mantle spreading out and pushing ________________ rocks to the sides of the crack. New ocean floor is constantly a ...
Name: Date: Block
... use: deposition, erosion, weathering, cementation and compaction. 5. What energy sources drive the rock cycle? 6. Sedimentary rocks are primarily formed by processes powered by what energy source? Explain. 7. Metamorphic and igneous rocks are primarily formed by processes powered by what energy sour ...
... use: deposition, erosion, weathering, cementation and compaction. 5. What energy sources drive the rock cycle? 6. Sedimentary rocks are primarily formed by processes powered by what energy source? Explain. 7. Metamorphic and igneous rocks are primarily formed by processes powered by what energy sour ...
Factors that Influence Climates in the USA Pd: Name: Use the slides
... Pacific Ocean Currents 1. From which part of the Pacific Ocean does the California Current originate? ...
... Pacific Ocean Currents 1. From which part of the Pacific Ocean does the California Current originate? ...
Ocean acidification
Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. An estimated 30–40% of the carbon dioxide from human activity released into the atmosphere dissolves into oceans, rivers and lakes. To achieve chemical equilibrium, some of it reacts with the water to form carbonic acid. Some of these extra carbonic acid molecules react with a water molecule to give a bicarbonate ion and a hydronium ion, thus increasing ocean acidity (H+ ion concentration). Between 1751 and 1994 surface ocean pH is estimated to have decreased from approximately 8.25 to 8.14, representing an increase of almost 30% in H+ ion concentration in the world's oceans. Since current and projected ocean pH levels are above 7.0, the oceans are technically alkaline now and will remain so; referring to this effect as ""decreasing ocean alkalinity"" would be equally correct if less politically useful. Earth System Models project that within the last decade ocean acidity exceeded historical analogs and in combination with other ocean biogeochemical changes could undermine the functioning of marine ecosystems and disrupt the provision of many goods and services associated with the ocean.Increasing acidity is thought to have a range of possibly harmful consequences, such as depressing metabolic rates and immune responses in some organisms, and causing coral bleaching. This also causes decreasing oxygen levels as it kills off algae.Other chemical reactions are triggered which result in a net decrease in the amount of carbonate ions available. This makes it more difficult for marine calcifying organisms, such as coral and some plankton, to form biogenic calcium carbonate, and such structures become vulnerable to dissolution. Ongoing acidification of the oceans threatens food chains connected with the oceans. As members of the InterAcademy Panel, 105 science academies have issued a statement on ocean acidification recommending that by 2050, global CO2 emissions be reduced by at least 50% compared to the 1990 level.Ocean acidification has been called the ""evil twin of global warming"" and ""the other CO2 problem"".Ocean acidification has occurred previously in Earth's history. The most notable example is the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), which occurred approximately 56 million years ago. For reasons that are currently uncertain, massive amounts of carbon entered the ocean and atmosphere, and led to the dissolution of carbonate sediments in all ocean basins.