The missing climate forcing
... Observed climate change is consistent with radiative forcings on several time scales for which the dominant forcings are known, ranging from the few years after a large volcanic eruption to glacial-tointerglacial changes. In the period with most detailed data, 1979 to the present, climate observatio ...
... Observed climate change is consistent with radiative forcings on several time scales for which the dominant forcings are known, ranging from the few years after a large volcanic eruption to glacial-tointerglacial changes. In the period with most detailed data, 1979 to the present, climate observatio ...
pdf - Framsenteret AS
... The results show that they respond quickly and reach positive photosynthesis rates within very short time after thawing, and are not as dormant under the snowpack as previously assumed. The results were published in the journal Plant Ecology & Diversity. Two of the project partners (Tømmervik and Ca ...
... The results show that they respond quickly and reach positive photosynthesis rates within very short time after thawing, and are not as dormant under the snowpack as previously assumed. The results were published in the journal Plant Ecology & Diversity. Two of the project partners (Tømmervik and Ca ...
4.3 Approach to CLIMATE CHANGE Scenario Development
... Warming is likely to be well above the global mean in central Asia, the Tibetan Plateau and northern Asia, above the global mean in eastern Asia and South Asia, and similar to the global mean in Southeast Asia. Precipitation in boreal winter is very likely to increase in northern Asia and the Tibeta ...
... Warming is likely to be well above the global mean in central Asia, the Tibetan Plateau and northern Asia, above the global mean in eastern Asia and South Asia, and similar to the global mean in Southeast Asia. Precipitation in boreal winter is very likely to increase in northern Asia and the Tibeta ...
Future directions in adaptation research
... Substantial uncertainties attend climate adaptation Particularly the case at local scales Adaptation is held to be a principally local issue NCCAF: Local authority County Development plans ...
... Substantial uncertainties attend climate adaptation Particularly the case at local scales Adaptation is held to be a principally local issue NCCAF: Local authority County Development plans ...
Climate Change Risk Management - American Meteorological Society
... Additional lines of evidence relate to the patterns of climate change underway. These patterns match the characteristics expected from greenhouse gases well and do not match the characteristics we would expect from the other factors that could change climate such as the sun, volcanoes, aerosols, lan ...
... Additional lines of evidence relate to the patterns of climate change underway. These patterns match the characteristics expected from greenhouse gases well and do not match the characteristics we would expect from the other factors that could change climate such as the sun, volcanoes, aerosols, lan ...
Shifting public opinion on climate change: an
... communications and social psychology that seek to determine which factors influence individual beliefs, knowledge, and action regarding climate change (Marquart-Pyatt et al. 2011). While useful, this approach neglects the larger cultural and political context that informs aggregate patterns of publi ...
... communications and social psychology that seek to determine which factors influence individual beliefs, knowledge, and action regarding climate change (Marquart-Pyatt et al. 2011). While useful, this approach neglects the larger cultural and political context that informs aggregate patterns of publi ...
ece11 Funke 16512079 en
... Over the last decades, climate models have been developed to an impressive level of complexity. Over a similar period, there has been growing interest in the uncertainty of future climate scenarios. Future climate projections are uncertain because both the initial conditions and the computational re ...
... Over the last decades, climate models have been developed to an impressive level of complexity. Over a similar period, there has been growing interest in the uncertainty of future climate scenarios. Future climate projections are uncertain because both the initial conditions and the computational re ...
Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change among Crop Mohammed, D
... Intensive use of Chemical/fertilizer ...
... Intensive use of Chemical/fertilizer ...
Author's personal copy On the use
... promotes feelings of salience, but undermines self-efficacy; that imagery of energy futures imagery promotes self-efficacy; and that images of politicians and celebrities strongly undermine saliency, and undermine self-efficacy for the Australian cohort. These results, if widely replicable, have implic ...
... promotes feelings of salience, but undermines self-efficacy; that imagery of energy futures imagery promotes self-efficacy; and that images of politicians and celebrities strongly undermine saliency, and undermine self-efficacy for the Australian cohort. These results, if widely replicable, have implic ...
Climate risks and their impact on agriculture and forests in Switzerland
... 1.2 Climatic extremes and their simulation There are different possibilities to define ‘extreme events’. In a statistical sense, a climate extreme can be characterized by (1) the frequency of occurrence of anomalous weather (IPCC Springer ...
... 1.2 Climatic extremes and their simulation There are different possibilities to define ‘extreme events’. In a statistical sense, a climate extreme can be characterized by (1) the frequency of occurrence of anomalous weather (IPCC Springer ...
Article 2 of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
... 2. The Scientific and Policy History of Limits-to-Warming ...
... 2. The Scientific and Policy History of Limits-to-Warming ...
Introduction: Humidity and Climate Change
... both under- and over-ventilation depending on the Screen location; the presence of the observer which can cause positive errors in both T and Tw; and by heat conduction from dry parts of the thermometer depending on the stem length (Folland, 1977). In sub-zero temperatures where an ice-bulb calculat ...
... both under- and over-ventilation depending on the Screen location; the presence of the observer which can cause positive errors in both T and Tw; and by heat conduction from dry parts of the thermometer depending on the stem length (Folland, 1977). In sub-zero temperatures where an ice-bulb calculat ...
Case Study: Colombia`s National Climate Change Process
... make Colombia a “supporter darling,” having attracted the support of at least a dozen funders and ...
... make Colombia a “supporter darling,” having attracted the support of at least a dozen funders and ...
Document
... Service. The dataset was provided by the Department of Meteorology and Water Management of University of Pannonia Georgikon Faculty (Keszthely). This dataset is special because few stations in Hungary have continuous measurements of more than 140 years with detailed historical background (Kocsis and ...
... Service. The dataset was provided by the Department of Meteorology and Water Management of University of Pannonia Georgikon Faculty (Keszthely). This dataset is special because few stations in Hungary have continuous measurements of more than 140 years with detailed historical background (Kocsis and ...
Co-benefits of addressing climate change can motivate action around the... Authors: , Taciano L. Milfont , Yoshihisa Kashima
... examining co-benefits, and by collecting data from around the world. By showing how perceptions of co-benefits are related to people’s motivations to act on climate change around the world, the findings could help researchers, policy-makers, and communicators develop effective local and global strat ...
... examining co-benefits, and by collecting data from around the world. By showing how perceptions of co-benefits are related to people’s motivations to act on climate change around the world, the findings could help researchers, policy-makers, and communicators develop effective local and global strat ...
Domestic dynamics and international influence
... 2. The emergence of climate legislation Although scientific knowledge about the greenhouse effect dates back well over 100 years, climate change became an issue of wider policy concern only in the 1990s, after the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change had issued its first assessment report and c ...
... 2. The emergence of climate legislation Although scientific knowledge about the greenhouse effect dates back well over 100 years, climate change became an issue of wider policy concern only in the 1990s, after the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change had issued its first assessment report and c ...
post-print version of article
... With all 100 senators present and voting, a minority of 34 senators can thus block U.S. ratification of an international treaty. Several presidents have experienced the loss of international credibility associated with a failure to pass an international treaty in the Senate. The most famous is Presi ...
... With all 100 senators present and voting, a minority of 34 senators can thus block U.S. ratification of an international treaty. Several presidents have experienced the loss of international credibility associated with a failure to pass an international treaty in the Senate. The most famous is Presi ...
IMPACT2C – Policy Brief 3
... future. However, there has already been an increase of about 0.85°C over the period 1880–2012 (IPCC, 2013), and at the current time, international negotiations have had modest success. Current commitments and pledges are therefore not on track to achieve the 2°C goal. Indeed, at the current time (No ...
... future. However, there has already been an increase of about 0.85°C over the period 1880–2012 (IPCC, 2013), and at the current time, international negotiations have had modest success. Current commitments and pledges are therefore not on track to achieve the 2°C goal. Indeed, at the current time (No ...
Evidence for parallel adaptation to climate across the natural range
... ª 2013 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
... ª 2013 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
variability of freezing levels, melting season indicators, and snow
... 72 m, or about 4.5 m/yr (Figure 3). The slower rates of change over longer periods of time are consistent with the reduced rates of change reported by Gaffen et al. (2000); see also Seidel and Free, this issue. In particular, Seidel and Free point out that while there have been smaller changes in tr ...
... 72 m, or about 4.5 m/yr (Figure 3). The slower rates of change over longer periods of time are consistent with the reduced rates of change reported by Gaffen et al. (2000); see also Seidel and Free, this issue. In particular, Seidel and Free point out that while there have been smaller changes in tr ...
Historical Overview of Climate Change Science
... in assessing competing assertions about climate change. Can the statement under consideration, in principle, be proven false? Has it been rigorously tested? Did it appear in the peer-reviewed literature? Did it build on the existing research record where appropriate? If the answer to any of these qu ...
... in assessing competing assertions about climate change. Can the statement under consideration, in principle, be proven false? Has it been rigorously tested? Did it appear in the peer-reviewed literature? Did it build on the existing research record where appropriate? If the answer to any of these qu ...
Slide 1
... It was important that, from time to time, the Council evaluate the dangers of such confrontations. The deadly competition over resources in Africa could not be glossed over; be they over water, shrinking grazing land or the inequitable distribution of oil.” L.K. Christian, Representative of Ghana, U ...
... It was important that, from time to time, the Council evaluate the dangers of such confrontations. The deadly competition over resources in Africa could not be glossed over; be they over water, shrinking grazing land or the inequitable distribution of oil.” L.K. Christian, Representative of Ghana, U ...
climate change: challenges to sustainable development in india
... Rio Earth Summit in May 1992) aimed at achieving stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved within a time-frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt na ...
... Rio Earth Summit in May 1992) aimed at achieving stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved within a time-frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt na ...
Regional Impacts of climate change
... explaining the increase in fires in the American West after accounting for human settlements and fire management. Extreme heat events in the United States are on the rise. DeGaetano and Allen (2002) found that minimum and maximum temperatures increased in the latter half of the 20 th century, with ...
... explaining the increase in fires in the American West after accounting for human settlements and fire management. Extreme heat events in the United States are on the rise. DeGaetano and Allen (2002) found that minimum and maximum temperatures increased in the latter half of the 20 th century, with ...
Emerging responses to climate change in pastoral systems
... Adaptation strategies include: Keeping animals that can endure seasonal feed shortage and long intervals between drinking; Keeping large herds in the hope that some animals with survive a period of feed shortage; “Following the rains” within the semi-arid areas; this includes reciprocal arran ...
... Adaptation strategies include: Keeping animals that can endure seasonal feed shortage and long intervals between drinking; Keeping large herds in the hope that some animals with survive a period of feed shortage; “Following the rains” within the semi-arid areas; this includes reciprocal arran ...
Michael E. Mann
Michael E. Mann (born 1965) is an American climatologist and geophysicist, currently director of the Earth System Science Center at Pennsylvania State University, who has contributed to the scientific understanding of historic climate change based on the temperature record of the past thousand years. He has pioneered techniques to find patterns in past climate change, and to isolate climate signals from ""noisy data"".As lead author of a paper produced in 1998 with co-authors Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes, Mann introduced innovative statistical techniques to find regional variations in a hemispherical climate reconstruction covering the past 600 years. In 1999 the same team used these techniques to produce a reconstruction over the past 1,000 years (MBH99) which was dubbed the ""hockey stick graph"" because of its shape. He was one of 8 lead authors of the ""Observed Climate Variability and Change"" chapter of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Third Scientific Assessment Report published in 2001. A graph based on the MBH99 paper was highlighted in several parts of the report, and was given wide publicity. The IPCC acknowledged that his work, along with that of the many other lead authors and review editors, contributed to the award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize, which was won jointly by the IPCC and Al Gore.He was organizing committee chair for the National Academy of Sciences Frontiers of Science in 2003 and has received a number of honors and awards including selection by Scientific American as one of the fifty leading visionaries in science and technology in 2002. In 2012 he was inducted as a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union and was awarded the Hans Oeschger Medal of the European Geosciences Union. In 2013 he was elected a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society, and awarded the status of distinguished professor in Penn State's College of Earth and Mineral Sciences.Mann is author of more than 160 peer-reviewed and edited publications, and has published two books: Dire Predictions: Understanding Global Warming in 2008 and The Hockey Stick and the Climate Wars: Dispatches from the Front Lines, published in early 2012. In 2013 the European Geosciences Union described his publication record as ""outstanding for a scientist of his relatively young age"". He is also a co-founder and contributor to the climatology blog RealClimate.