Extreme Weather and Climate Change
... of two weather systems or the occurrence of a severe weather event in tandem with some other factor that intensifies its impact. Hurricane Hazel, for example, was a weakening tropical storm when it merged with a deep low pressure system northwest of Toronto in October 1954, producing torrential rain ...
... of two weather systems or the occurrence of a severe weather event in tandem with some other factor that intensifies its impact. Hurricane Hazel, for example, was a weakening tropical storm when it merged with a deep low pressure system northwest of Toronto in October 1954, producing torrential rain ...
Ireland Adapts to Climate Change Report Series No. 9
... occurring at the local level in a number of city and ...
... occurring at the local level in a number of city and ...
Ms. Cassandra Carter Climate Change Intern Ministry of Natural
... as a working understanding of resilience given the relationship between humans and their environment10. ...
... as a working understanding of resilience given the relationship between humans and their environment10. ...
Cutting the Knot
... inevitability of severe harms, particularly to people in developing countries and to sensitive ecosystems, harms that will become extreme long before temperatures rise to a level that threatens global climate catastrophe.2 Indeed, with recent droughts, heat waves and storms consistent with the antic ...
... inevitability of severe harms, particularly to people in developing countries and to sensitive ecosystems, harms that will become extreme long before temperatures rise to a level that threatens global climate catastrophe.2 Indeed, with recent droughts, heat waves and storms consistent with the antic ...
(Box 3). Increased understanding of climate change and biodiversity
... module contents to allow for an added emphasis on: a) hands-on interactive learning; b) methods and tools used in scientific and social assessments of climate change impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems; c) case study exercises; and d) research proposal writing. An additional recommendation that c ...
... module contents to allow for an added emphasis on: a) hands-on interactive learning; b) methods and tools used in scientific and social assessments of climate change impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems; c) case study exercises; and d) research proposal writing. An additional recommendation that c ...
The Perils of Modelling How Migration Responds to Climate Change
... frequency due to climate change, affecting people living in both coastal and inland areas (Melillo et al., 2014). Because firm and household migration is a key adaptive response to climate change, we need accurate predictions of migration to assess the future costs of climate change in order to craf ...
... frequency due to climate change, affecting people living in both coastal and inland areas (Melillo et al., 2014). Because firm and household migration is a key adaptive response to climate change, we need accurate predictions of migration to assess the future costs of climate change in order to craf ...
Impact of extreme weather on critical infrastructure Deliverable D2.1
... the Work Package (WP) 2. They will be analyzed over Europe with a special focus on the critical infrastructures (CI) identified in the frame of WP5. It is very important to emphasize that EWIs represent a concise way to characterize the expected changes, in frequency and intensity, of weather induce ...
... the Work Package (WP) 2. They will be analyzed over Europe with a special focus on the critical infrastructures (CI) identified in the frame of WP5. It is very important to emphasize that EWIs represent a concise way to characterize the expected changes, in frequency and intensity, of weather induce ...
Changes in alpine plant growth under future climate conditions
... range available from the observed temperature data, in order to not exceed the calculated range of the regression. All grid cells with temperatures outside our regression range (under future conditions) were removed from the calculations, i.e. a gridcell was removed from the analysis if the May/June ...
... range available from the observed temperature data, in order to not exceed the calculated range of the regression. All grid cells with temperatures outside our regression range (under future conditions) were removed from the calculations, i.e. a gridcell was removed from the analysis if the May/June ...
6. Whatever the weather. Media attitudes to reporting
... in January 2005, commits thousands of European companies to reducing emissions in line with national targets, or opting to earn cheaper certified emissions-reduction credits by funding projects in developing countries. This dramatic increase in companies seeking projects, which has caused rises in t ...
... in January 2005, commits thousands of European companies to reducing emissions in line with national targets, or opting to earn cheaper certified emissions-reduction credits by funding projects in developing countries. This dramatic increase in companies seeking projects, which has caused rises in t ...
Experience of extreme weather affects climate change mitigation
... et al. 2009) whereby future climatic events are made more imaginable, indicating dramatic changes to familiar and local places, in turn heightening the sense of risk posed by climate change. EWEs are also often associated with changed socio-political contexts (media coverage, institutional responses ...
... et al. 2009) whereby future climatic events are made more imaginable, indicating dramatic changes to familiar and local places, in turn heightening the sense of risk posed by climate change. EWEs are also often associated with changed socio-political contexts (media coverage, institutional responses ...
Climate Change Summits beyond Copenhagen
... In order to achieve this goal, this research tries to answer two questions: Who now goes to the summits; and for those that do not go, how they cover it. The reference point to study is the attendance at the famous Conference on climate change (COP 15)4, held in Copenhagen in December 2009. As Jame ...
... In order to achieve this goal, this research tries to answer two questions: Who now goes to the summits; and for those that do not go, how they cover it. The reference point to study is the attendance at the famous Conference on climate change (COP 15)4, held in Copenhagen in December 2009. As Jame ...
Cutting the Knot
... inevitability of severe harms, particularly to people in developing countries and to sensitive ecosystems, harms that will become extreme long before temperatures rise to a level that threatens global climate catastrophe.2 Indeed, with recent droughts, heat waves and storms consistent with the antic ...
... inevitability of severe harms, particularly to people in developing countries and to sensitive ecosystems, harms that will become extreme long before temperatures rise to a level that threatens global climate catastrophe.2 Indeed, with recent droughts, heat waves and storms consistent with the antic ...
Link to Chapter 5
... rise. Both of these projected changes can translate into significant environmental impacts to natural and human built systems (NRC, 2001). ...
... rise. Both of these projected changes can translate into significant environmental impacts to natural and human built systems (NRC, 2001). ...
Explaining Media and Congressional Attention to Global Climate
... attention given to an issue. Among various non-governmental venues, the scientific community sometimes plays a key role in providing information feedback to policy systems, particularly for those issues involving scientific and technological uncertainty and complexity (May 1990; Birkland 2001). Thro ...
... attention given to an issue. Among various non-governmental venues, the scientific community sometimes plays a key role in providing information feedback to policy systems, particularly for those issues involving scientific and technological uncertainty and complexity (May 1990; Birkland 2001). Thro ...
FFESCsynthesisJune7 - Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural
... focussed on incorporating existing field data into models and decision-support frameworks, with relatively few new field studies. The range and social sciences components included significant new fieldwork and data collection because much less prior work had been done. In the sub-sections that follo ...
... focussed on incorporating existing field data into models and decision-support frameworks, with relatively few new field studies. The range and social sciences components included significant new fieldwork and data collection because much less prior work had been done. In the sub-sections that follo ...
Climate Change: Issues and Events
... societies to actively participate and lobby for the inclusion of agriculture at COP15, COP 16 and COP 17. At COP 17, in Durban south Africa for the first time, land mark decisions on agriculture were made. This support will continue to ensure that Africa’s voice is heard. Thanks to the capacity buil ...
... societies to actively participate and lobby for the inclusion of agriculture at COP15, COP 16 and COP 17. At COP 17, in Durban south Africa for the first time, land mark decisions on agriculture were made. This support will continue to ensure that Africa’s voice is heard. Thanks to the capacity buil ...
Provenance Trials in Alpine Range – Review and Perspectives for
... [74], they attest an early awareness of local adaptations and the relationship between adaptive tree traits and different environmental conditions at the seed source origins. Analyzing local adaptations and utilizing this information to find appropriate seed material has been a primary objective of ...
... [74], they attest an early awareness of local adaptations and the relationship between adaptive tree traits and different environmental conditions at the seed source origins. Analyzing local adaptations and utilizing this information to find appropriate seed material has been a primary objective of ...
Climate Ready Stirling`s Main Issues Report
... average temperature since the middle of the 20th century is due to emissions of greenhouse gases, deforestation and other human activities. The upward trend in temperature is undeniable, despite natural variabilities that can cause the rate of warming to temporarily slow down or speed up for short p ...
... average temperature since the middle of the 20th century is due to emissions of greenhouse gases, deforestation and other human activities. The upward trend in temperature is undeniable, despite natural variabilities that can cause the rate of warming to temporarily slow down or speed up for short p ...
Does tomorrow ever come?
... because the causes, outcomes and likelihood are largely uncertain. Indeed, an expert elicitation on abrupt climate change undertaken by Arnell et al. (2004) found that several experts declined to respond because they felt that the science was too uncertain and that subjective judgments would not be ...
... because the causes, outcomes and likelihood are largely uncertain. Indeed, an expert elicitation on abrupt climate change undertaken by Arnell et al. (2004) found that several experts declined to respond because they felt that the science was too uncertain and that subjective judgments would not be ...
Interactive effects of multiple climate change variables on trophic
... mechanisms underlying the interactions. We also investigated how the environmental context in which the variables were manipulated influenced the nature and strength of trophic interactions (i.e., examined context dependency) because many studies manipulated additional factors (e.g., nutrient levels ...
... mechanisms underlying the interactions. We also investigated how the environmental context in which the variables were manipulated influenced the nature and strength of trophic interactions (i.e., examined context dependency) because many studies manipulated additional factors (e.g., nutrient levels ...
PDF
... provided in the form of target values. For consistency reasons (such as production quantity equalization with activity levels and yields), deviations from target values are allowed but to avoid large deviations they are penalized during the model estimation process. Another important input into the ...
... provided in the form of target values. For consistency reasons (such as production quantity equalization with activity levels and yields), deviations from target values are allowed but to avoid large deviations they are penalized during the model estimation process. Another important input into the ...
Working Paper 136 - Dietz and Matei 2013 revised October 2014 (opens in new window)
... of market rates of investment returns.2 More recently, the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change (Stern, 2007) revived and updated ‘Cline vs. Nordhaus’, by setting δ(t) = 0.1%, ∀t and advocating aggressive emissions abatement, with the former assumption seemingly causing the latter result. ...
... of market rates of investment returns.2 More recently, the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change (Stern, 2007) revived and updated ‘Cline vs. Nordhaus’, by setting δ(t) = 0.1%, ∀t and advocating aggressive emissions abatement, with the former assumption seemingly causing the latter result. ...
Progress in Physical Geography
... School of Natural Sciences, Museum Building, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland I Introduction This year saw the publication of two major works in the fields of climate and environmental change. The first, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4), pr ...
... School of Natural Sciences, Museum Building, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland I Introduction This year saw the publication of two major works in the fields of climate and environmental change. The first, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4), pr ...
Michael E. Mann
Michael E. Mann (born 1965) is an American climatologist and geophysicist, currently director of the Earth System Science Center at Pennsylvania State University, who has contributed to the scientific understanding of historic climate change based on the temperature record of the past thousand years. He has pioneered techniques to find patterns in past climate change, and to isolate climate signals from ""noisy data"".As lead author of a paper produced in 1998 with co-authors Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes, Mann introduced innovative statistical techniques to find regional variations in a hemispherical climate reconstruction covering the past 600 years. In 1999 the same team used these techniques to produce a reconstruction over the past 1,000 years (MBH99) which was dubbed the ""hockey stick graph"" because of its shape. He was one of 8 lead authors of the ""Observed Climate Variability and Change"" chapter of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Third Scientific Assessment Report published in 2001. A graph based on the MBH99 paper was highlighted in several parts of the report, and was given wide publicity. The IPCC acknowledged that his work, along with that of the many other lead authors and review editors, contributed to the award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize, which was won jointly by the IPCC and Al Gore.He was organizing committee chair for the National Academy of Sciences Frontiers of Science in 2003 and has received a number of honors and awards including selection by Scientific American as one of the fifty leading visionaries in science and technology in 2002. In 2012 he was inducted as a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union and was awarded the Hans Oeschger Medal of the European Geosciences Union. In 2013 he was elected a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society, and awarded the status of distinguished professor in Penn State's College of Earth and Mineral Sciences.Mann is author of more than 160 peer-reviewed and edited publications, and has published two books: Dire Predictions: Understanding Global Warming in 2008 and The Hockey Stick and the Climate Wars: Dispatches from the Front Lines, published in early 2012. In 2013 the European Geosciences Union described his publication record as ""outstanding for a scientist of his relatively young age"". He is also a co-founder and contributor to the climatology blog RealClimate.