Climate Change: Evidence and Causes February 2014
... easier to see by probing beyond a single number (such as the average temperature of Earth’s surface), and looking instead at the geographical and seasonal patterns of climate change. The observed patterns of surface warming, temperature changes through the atmosphere, increases in ocean heat content ...
... easier to see by probing beyond a single number (such as the average temperature of Earth’s surface), and looking instead at the geographical and seasonal patterns of climate change. The observed patterns of surface warming, temperature changes through the atmosphere, increases in ocean heat content ...
The Great Conveyor Belt and Abrupt Climate Change
... changing temperatures, moving their habitats to cooler climates so swiftly that they’ve surprised scientists.” (Newitz, 2011) Animals are already changing as the global temperatures increase. Newitz goes on to say that, “This study also reveals that the ...
... changing temperatures, moving their habitats to cooler climates so swiftly that they’ve surprised scientists.” (Newitz, 2011) Animals are already changing as the global temperatures increase. Newitz goes on to say that, “This study also reveals that the ...
Topic 8: Energy, power, climate change
... increases in winter and decreases in summer. SOLUTION: It’s is all about living carbon sinks that store CO2 in the summer and release it in the winter: Namelyplants and their respiration and decomposition. ...
... increases in winter and decreases in summer. SOLUTION: It’s is all about living carbon sinks that store CO2 in the summer and release it in the winter: Namelyplants and their respiration and decomposition. ...
The role of the global ocean in changes of the Earth`s climate system
... The absolute measure of the Earth Energy Imbalance and its changes over time are vital pieces of information related to climate change as this is the single quantity defining the status of global climate change and expectations for continued global warming. ISSI working group: “Consistency of Integr ...
... The absolute measure of the Earth Energy Imbalance and its changes over time are vital pieces of information related to climate change as this is the single quantity defining the status of global climate change and expectations for continued global warming. ISSI working group: “Consistency of Integr ...
Detection and attribution
... Counting of warmest years in the record of thermometer-based estimates of global mean surface air temperature: ...
... Counting of warmest years in the record of thermometer-based estimates of global mean surface air temperature: ...
The Decline and Fall of Global Warming
... 1995 statement opens the possibility that this is wrong, when it says that climate models for changes in the greenhouse effect tend to produce too much warming “unless a lower climate sensitivity is used.” Assuming again that one-half of the observed warming (0.3°C) is from greenhouse changes, eithe ...
... 1995 statement opens the possibility that this is wrong, when it says that climate models for changes in the greenhouse effect tend to produce too much warming “unless a lower climate sensitivity is used.” Assuming again that one-half of the observed warming (0.3°C) is from greenhouse changes, eithe ...
Model-based evidence of deep-ocean heat uptake during
... reduction of the upper-ocean heat-content trend in decades when the surface-temperature trend is slightly negative. However, in the deeper layers of the global ocean toward the right-hand side of Fig. 1b, the heat-content trends for hiatus time periods are greater than other decades, indicating that ...
... reduction of the upper-ocean heat-content trend in decades when the surface-temperature trend is slightly negative. However, in the deeper layers of the global ocean toward the right-hand side of Fig. 1b, the heat-content trends for hiatus time periods are greater than other decades, indicating that ...
From the 4th Global Conference on Oceans, Coasts, and Islands
... Oceans and the atmosphere are changing at a rate faster than previously experienced, which is threatening human security. Most of the increased heat of the earth during recent decades has gone into the ocean. The increased energy of the ocean atmosphere system is driving an increase in more extrem ...
... Oceans and the atmosphere are changing at a rate faster than previously experienced, which is threatening human security. Most of the increased heat of the earth during recent decades has gone into the ocean. The increased energy of the ocean atmosphere system is driving an increase in more extrem ...
Future sea level
The rate of global mean sea-level rise (~3 mm/yr; SLR) has accelerated compared to the mean of the 20th century (~2 mm/yr), but the rate of rise is locally variable. Factors contributing to SLR include decreased global ice volume and warming of the ocean. On Greenland, the deficiency between annual ice gained and lost tripled between 1996 and 2007. On Antarctica the deficiency increased by 75%. Mountain glaciers are retreating and the cumulative mean thickness change has accelerated from about −1.8 to −4 m in 1965 to 1970 to about −12 to −14 m in the first decade of the 21st century. From 1961 to 2003, ocean temperatures to a depth of 700 m increased and portions of the deeper ocean are warming.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) projected sea level would reach 0.18 to 0.59 m above present by the end of the 21st century but lacked an estimate of ice flow dynamics calving. Calving was added by Pfeffer et al. (2008) indicating 0.8 to 2 m of SLR by 2100 (favouring the low end of this range). Rahmstorf (2007) estimated SLR will reach 0.5 to 1.4 m by the end of the century. Pielke (2008) points out that observed SLR has exceeded the best case projections thus far. These approximations and others indicate that global mean SLR may reach 1 m by the end of this century. However, sea level is highly variable and planners considering local impacts must take this variability into account.