Molecular Evolution
... Diatom diversity has increased in arctic lakes due to warming during the past 50 years. An increase in diversity in sampled lakes is indicated for the arctic and in more detail for four regions with especially rich records in the insets. From Smol, J. P., et al. © 2005, National Academy of Sciences ...
... Diatom diversity has increased in arctic lakes due to warming during the past 50 years. An increase in diversity in sampled lakes is indicated for the arctic and in more detail for four regions with especially rich records in the insets. From Smol, J. P., et al. © 2005, National Academy of Sciences ...
Projected GS signal
... An external cause is needed for explaining the recently observed annual and seasonal warming over the Baltic Sea area, except for winter (with < 2.5% risk of error) ...
... An external cause is needed for explaining the recently observed annual and seasonal warming over the Baltic Sea area, except for winter (with < 2.5% risk of error) ...
Abrupt Climate Change: The Next Major Challenge
... EPICA, 2006). The start of each warming signal in the Antarctic takes place when Greenland is at its coldest, the period when armadas of icebergs crossed the North Atlantic (Heinrich events). Moreover warming in the Antarctic is gradual whereas warming in the associated Greenland signal is abrupt. T ...
... EPICA, 2006). The start of each warming signal in the Antarctic takes place when Greenland is at its coldest, the period when armadas of icebergs crossed the North Atlantic (Heinrich events). Moreover warming in the Antarctic is gradual whereas warming in the associated Greenland signal is abrupt. T ...
A multi-century ice-core perspective on 20th
... warming over both the Barents Sea region and the Tibetan Plateau now falls well outside the range of prior longer-term temperature variability. Similarly, over the South American Andes and the Antarctic Peninsula the recent warming exceeds the long-term mean for the last 1000 and 500 years, respecti ...
... warming over both the Barents Sea region and the Tibetan Plateau now falls well outside the range of prior longer-term temperature variability. Similarly, over the South American Andes and the Antarctic Peninsula the recent warming exceeds the long-term mean for the last 1000 and 500 years, respecti ...
WPmagSkeptics506
... Human beings are pumping greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, warming the planet in the process. Since the dawn of the industrial era, atmospheric carbon dioxide has risen steadily from about 280 to about 380 parts per million. In the past century, the average surface temperature of Earth has warme ...
... Human beings are pumping greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, warming the planet in the process. Since the dawn of the industrial era, atmospheric carbon dioxide has risen steadily from about 280 to about 380 parts per million. In the past century, the average surface temperature of Earth has warme ...
GLOBAL COOLING - scienceandpublicpolicy.org
... scientific basis of risk of human-induced climate change, its potential impacts and options for adaptation and mitigation”. The assessment of possible natural causes of climate change is therefore not explicitly part of its role. They consider pro forma only one possible natural cause, solar irradia ...
... scientific basis of risk of human-induced climate change, its potential impacts and options for adaptation and mitigation”. The assessment of possible natural causes of climate change is therefore not explicitly part of its role. They consider pro forma only one possible natural cause, solar irradia ...
lecture 34
... the start of a man-made global warming? Two main anthropogenic forcing mechanisms: Greenhouse gas concentrations => rising. Aerosol concentrations => also increasing. We will focus attention on CO2 increases. ...
... the start of a man-made global warming? Two main anthropogenic forcing mechanisms: Greenhouse gas concentrations => rising. Aerosol concentrations => also increasing. We will focus attention on CO2 increases. ...
2012 Marine Climate Change in Australia Report Card
... Adaptation is the process of responding to changing ocean environments. Both animals and humans can adapt – either autonomously (on their own) or in a directed manner (with human assistance). Scientists, managers and resource users are designing adaptation strategies that reduce the vulnerability of ...
... Adaptation is the process of responding to changing ocean environments. Both animals and humans can adapt – either autonomously (on their own) or in a directed manner (with human assistance). Scientists, managers and resource users are designing adaptation strategies that reduce the vulnerability of ...
Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level
... (coastal land movements). The Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) is the global data bank for long term sea level change information from tide gauges, and its data set is used by a large community of sea level scientists. Its time series of monthly and annual mean sea level (MSL) informatio ...
... (coastal land movements). The Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) is the global data bank for long term sea level change information from tide gauges, and its data set is used by a large community of sea level scientists. Its time series of monthly and annual mean sea level (MSL) informatio ...
The Science of Climate Change
... Earth' with global average temperatures well over 20°C and a 'snowball Earth' with average temperatures below 10°C. Hothouse conditions were associated with sea levels over 100 metres higher than today's and no polar ice, while in snowball times polar icecaps extended down into Europe and ocean leve ...
... Earth' with global average temperatures well over 20°C and a 'snowball Earth' with average temperatures below 10°C. Hothouse conditions were associated with sea levels over 100 metres higher than today's and no polar ice, while in snowball times polar icecaps extended down into Europe and ocean leve ...
Ocean and climate - Náttúruverndarsamtök Íslands
... to rise while escalating CO2 emissions lead to increasing acidification of ocean waters. These changes directly affect the distribution and stability of marine animal and plant communities, sea levels will rise (as glaciers melt at an accelerated rate and as water volume increases with temperatures) ...
... to rise while escalating CO2 emissions lead to increasing acidification of ocean waters. These changes directly affect the distribution and stability of marine animal and plant communities, sea levels will rise (as glaciers melt at an accelerated rate and as water volume increases with temperatures) ...
Future sea level
The rate of global mean sea-level rise (~3 mm/yr; SLR) has accelerated compared to the mean of the 20th century (~2 mm/yr), but the rate of rise is locally variable. Factors contributing to SLR include decreased global ice volume and warming of the ocean. On Greenland, the deficiency between annual ice gained and lost tripled between 1996 and 2007. On Antarctica the deficiency increased by 75%. Mountain glaciers are retreating and the cumulative mean thickness change has accelerated from about −1.8 to −4 m in 1965 to 1970 to about −12 to −14 m in the first decade of the 21st century. From 1961 to 2003, ocean temperatures to a depth of 700 m increased and portions of the deeper ocean are warming.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) projected sea level would reach 0.18 to 0.59 m above present by the end of the 21st century but lacked an estimate of ice flow dynamics calving. Calving was added by Pfeffer et al. (2008) indicating 0.8 to 2 m of SLR by 2100 (favouring the low end of this range). Rahmstorf (2007) estimated SLR will reach 0.5 to 1.4 m by the end of the century. Pielke (2008) points out that observed SLR has exceeded the best case projections thus far. These approximations and others indicate that global mean SLR may reach 1 m by the end of this century. However, sea level is highly variable and planners considering local impacts must take this variability into account.