Factors Affecting Deformation
... belts. Folded mountains often contain numerous stacked thrust faults that have displaced the folded rock layers many kilometers horizontally. The Appalachian Mountains, the northern Rocky Mountains, and the Alps in Europe are examples of folded mountain ranges. ...
... belts. Folded mountains often contain numerous stacked thrust faults that have displaced the folded rock layers many kilometers horizontally. The Appalachian Mountains, the northern Rocky Mountains, and the Alps in Europe are examples of folded mountain ranges. ...
Rock and Rock Materials
... Some Environmental Implications of Geologic Structures Layering or Foliation ...
... Some Environmental Implications of Geologic Structures Layering or Foliation ...
Inosilicates (Pyroxenes and Amphiboles)
... hypersthene can be estimated using 2V (see p. 163 of DHZ). Compositions close to Enstatite are optically positive with a 2V of 60 to 90o, whereas intermediate compositions are optically negative with a 2V of 50 to 90o. Pigeonite - is generally only found in volcanic igneous rocks, although, as menti ...
... hypersthene can be estimated using 2V (see p. 163 of DHZ). Compositions close to Enstatite are optically positive with a 2V of 60 to 90o, whereas intermediate compositions are optically negative with a 2V of 50 to 90o. Pigeonite - is generally only found in volcanic igneous rocks, although, as menti ...
Lecture 3 Igneous Rocks
... Principle of Inclusions – For the purposes of igneous rocks, the inclusions or xenoliths (rock fragments included in the solidified magma‐rock body) are older than the rock body. As magma travels it picks up pieces of rock it travels through and these rocks are found inside the magma. This princ ...
... Principle of Inclusions – For the purposes of igneous rocks, the inclusions or xenoliths (rock fragments included in the solidified magma‐rock body) are older than the rock body. As magma travels it picks up pieces of rock it travels through and these rocks are found inside the magma. This princ ...
Earth`s Structure and Tectonics Overview 2014
... does not result in the Earth’s crustal surface area to increase: ______________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 11. When two continental crusts collide, t ...
... does not result in the Earth’s crustal surface area to increase: ______________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 11. When two continental crusts collide, t ...
05-Igneous-Rocks_Processes-AGI-10th-Winter-2017
... Igneous rocks are the result of 3 processes: partial melting, buoyant rise and solidification via cooling. Igneous rocks all originated by partial melting usually in the upper mantle asthenosphere of peridotites or sometimes in the lower crust via partial melting of amphibolites, gneisses or gabbros ...
... Igneous rocks are the result of 3 processes: partial melting, buoyant rise and solidification via cooling. Igneous rocks all originated by partial melting usually in the upper mantle asthenosphere of peridotites or sometimes in the lower crust via partial melting of amphibolites, gneisses or gabbros ...
MH REPORT - San Francisco State University
... Pacific Ocean, near the equator, in a mid-oceanic ridge on the Farallon plate (Elder). As the ridge pushed the plate away, it moved northeast until it reached a latitude close to Mexico, where it then began to subduct underneath the continental crust of the North American plate’s westernmost side du ...
... Pacific Ocean, near the equator, in a mid-oceanic ridge on the Farallon plate (Elder). As the ridge pushed the plate away, it moved northeast until it reached a latitude close to Mexico, where it then began to subduct underneath the continental crust of the North American plate’s westernmost side du ...
Homework #2 - Relative dating excercise
... -Principle of Original Horizontality— Sedimentary rocks and lava flows are deposited in horizontal or nearly horizontal layers. When rock layers are found in nonhorizontal positions, they were affected by some geologic process(es) following deposition. -Principle of Superposition— In any horizontal ...
... -Principle of Original Horizontality— Sedimentary rocks and lava flows are deposited in horizontal or nearly horizontal layers. When rock layers are found in nonhorizontal positions, they were affected by some geologic process(es) following deposition. -Principle of Superposition— In any horizontal ...
The core
... • It is very thin compared with the mantle and core. • It is made up of hard, solid rocks. • There are two zones: The oceanic crust: this is found on the ocean floor. It is thinner and denser than the continental crust. ...
... • It is very thin compared with the mantle and core. • It is made up of hard, solid rocks. • There are two zones: The oceanic crust: this is found on the ocean floor. It is thinner and denser than the continental crust. ...
Section 3 Deforming Earth`s Crust
... Some faults are only a few meters long. Other faults are several hundred kilometers long. So, how can you recognize a fault when you see one? Movement along faults causes rock layers to become offset. Therefore, layers of different kinds of rock that sit side-byside indicate offset along a fault. In ...
... Some faults are only a few meters long. Other faults are several hundred kilometers long. So, how can you recognize a fault when you see one? Movement along faults causes rock layers to become offset. Therefore, layers of different kinds of rock that sit side-byside indicate offset along a fault. In ...
Contact metamorphism and hydrothermal alterations around
... from the contact. Rocks situated more distant from the contact then previous, only recrystalization (increase of average grain-size in the rock) and Fe, Ti or Fe-Ti oxides can be seen. Fine-dispersed graphite is present in several samples. Sulphides are dispersed locally in altered rocks (pyrrhotite ...
... from the contact. Rocks situated more distant from the contact then previous, only recrystalization (increase of average grain-size in the rock) and Fe, Ti or Fe-Ti oxides can be seen. Fine-dispersed graphite is present in several samples. Sulphides are dispersed locally in altered rocks (pyrrhotite ...
Oceanic crust
... • The continents include a wide range of rock types, including granitic igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, and the metamorphic rocks formed by the alterations of both. They contain a lot of quartz, a mineral absent in oceanic crust. • This core foundation is often referred to as a shield or basement ...
... • The continents include a wide range of rock types, including granitic igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, and the metamorphic rocks formed by the alterations of both. They contain a lot of quartz, a mineral absent in oceanic crust. • This core foundation is often referred to as a shield or basement ...
Geologic Time
... change an~ well-preserved in many different kinds of rocks. Geologists evaluate the age of rocks and geologic events using two different approaches. Relative age dating is the technique of determining a sequence of geological events, based upon the structural relations of rocks. Absolute age dating ...
... change an~ well-preserved in many different kinds of rocks. Geologists evaluate the age of rocks and geologic events using two different approaches. Relative age dating is the technique of determining a sequence of geological events, based upon the structural relations of rocks. Absolute age dating ...
ROCKS - My CCSD
... • Recall that metamorphic rocks form when existing rocks are changed by heat and pressure. • Metamorphism is a very appropriate name for this process because it means to change form. • Rocks produced during metamorphism often look much different from the original rocks. ...
... • Recall that metamorphic rocks form when existing rocks are changed by heat and pressure. • Metamorphism is a very appropriate name for this process because it means to change form. • Rocks produced during metamorphism often look much different from the original rocks. ...
Chapter 1 – Introduction – Review of Rocks and
... To be able to understand the material covered during this course you need to have a basic background in the kinds of rocks making up our planet. This section of the study guide is aimed at helping you gain that background. ...
... To be able to understand the material covered during this course you need to have a basic background in the kinds of rocks making up our planet. This section of the study guide is aimed at helping you gain that background. ...
Earthquakes and Volcanoes!
... – Normal faults: form where rocks are angled with each other; one block or rock lies below the other – Reverse faults: are like normal faults but move in the opposite direction – Strike-slip faults: form when rocks slide past each other ...
... – Normal faults: form where rocks are angled with each other; one block or rock lies below the other – Reverse faults: are like normal faults but move in the opposite direction – Strike-slip faults: form when rocks slide past each other ...
CHAPTER 6_Sed_Rocks
... 8. The layering of rock is termed stratification (or bedding); cross beds signify deposition along a slope and can be used to indicate paleocurrent direction. Other sedimentary structures of interest within sedimentary rocks include fossils, ripple marks, and mud cracks. 9. The character of sediment ...
... 8. The layering of rock is termed stratification (or bedding); cross beds signify deposition along a slope and can be used to indicate paleocurrent direction. Other sedimentary structures of interest within sedimentary rocks include fossils, ripple marks, and mud cracks. 9. The character of sediment ...
Geology and U-Pb geochronology of Proterozoic rocks
... of Socorro, New Mexico; Proterozoic rocks crop out along the eastern flank of the range (fig. 1). McLemore (1980) has described the geology of the Proterozoic rocks exposed in the Lemitar Mountains and Figure 7 is adapted from her geologic map. The major Proterozoic rock types exposed in the Lemitar ...
... of Socorro, New Mexico; Proterozoic rocks crop out along the eastern flank of the range (fig. 1). McLemore (1980) has described the geology of the Proterozoic rocks exposed in the Lemitar Mountains and Figure 7 is adapted from her geologic map. The major Proterozoic rock types exposed in the Lemitar ...
NAME - KCSE Online
... (3 x 1 = 3mks) (b) Three factors that influence the development of Karst scenery. - The surface rock and rock beneath should be thick limestone / dolomite / chalk to allow water to penetrate through the rock and react with it. - The rock / limestone / dolomite / chalk should be hard and well jointed ...
... (3 x 1 = 3mks) (b) Three factors that influence the development of Karst scenery. - The surface rock and rock beneath should be thick limestone / dolomite / chalk to allow water to penetrate through the rock and react with it. - The rock / limestone / dolomite / chalk should be hard and well jointed ...
Document
... The Karakoram fault is a major NW-SE aligned dextral strike-slip that has accommodated a minor amount of eastward extrusion of thickenend Tibetan crust following the India-Asia collision ca 50 m.y. ago1,2. Minimum - maximum dextral offsets are 40-150 km and long-term slip rates are between 2.7-10.2 ...
... The Karakoram fault is a major NW-SE aligned dextral strike-slip that has accommodated a minor amount of eastward extrusion of thickenend Tibetan crust following the India-Asia collision ca 50 m.y. ago1,2. Minimum - maximum dextral offsets are 40-150 km and long-term slip rates are between 2.7-10.2 ...
Computer Lab Day
... 3. Describe how the gap is filled when two tectonic plates move away from each other. 3. When two tectonic plates move away from each other, the gap is filled by hot molten rock (magma) that rises from the asthenosphere and cools. This cooled magma forms new lithospheric rock. ...
... 3. Describe how the gap is filled when two tectonic plates move away from each other. 3. When two tectonic plates move away from each other, the gap is filled by hot molten rock (magma) that rises from the asthenosphere and cools. This cooled magma forms new lithospheric rock. ...
capricorn highway
... outcropping northwest of Emerald, which are over 500 million years old and form the regional basement. These Anakie Metamorphics were later intruded by granites which date back 380 to 350 million years. A volcanic mountain chain, the Connors-Auburn Volcanic Arc, developed along the eastern side of t ...
... outcropping northwest of Emerald, which are over 500 million years old and form the regional basement. These Anakie Metamorphics were later intruded by granites which date back 380 to 350 million years. A volcanic mountain chain, the Connors-Auburn Volcanic Arc, developed along the eastern side of t ...
Geology of the Rogue Valley
... continental North American Plate. As the plates converge, the heavier oceanic plate moves underneath the continental plate. As this rock material is forced under the earth’s surface it enters the much hotter upper mantle and melts, forming magma. Under the right conditions, this magma will rise up t ...
... continental North American Plate. As the plates converge, the heavier oceanic plate moves underneath the continental plate. As this rock material is forced under the earth’s surface it enters the much hotter upper mantle and melts, forming magma. Under the right conditions, this magma will rise up t ...
Geology Background booklet
... Sedimentary rocks are made from sediments (eroded pebbles, sand, silt, clay, and plant and animal remains) that have been deposited in layers and compacted under land or sea. Examples of sedimentary rocks include sandstone, conglomerate, mudstone, shale, chert, chalk, and limestone. Metamorphic rock ...
... Sedimentary rocks are made from sediments (eroded pebbles, sand, silt, clay, and plant and animal remains) that have been deposited in layers and compacted under land or sea. Examples of sedimentary rocks include sandstone, conglomerate, mudstone, shale, chert, chalk, and limestone. Metamorphic rock ...
Algoman orogeny
The Algoman orogeny, known as the Kenoran orogeny in Canada, was an episode of mountain-building (orogeny) during the Late Archean Eon that involved repeated episodes of continental collisions, compressions and subductions. The Superior province and the Minnesota River Valley terrane collided about 2,700 to 2,500 million years ago. The collision folded the Earth's crust and produced enough heat and pressure to metamorphose the rock. Blocks were added to the Superior province along a 1,200 km (750 mi) boundary that stretches from present-day eastern South Dakota into the Lake Huron area. The Algoman orogeny brought the Archaen Eon to a close, about 2,500 million years ago; it lasted less than 100 million years and marks a major change in the development of the earth’s crust.The Canadian shield contains belts of metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks formed by the action of metamorphism on volcanic and sedimentary rock. The areas between individual belts consist of granites or granitic gneisses that form fault zones. These two types of belts can be seen in the Wabigoon, Quetico and Wawa subprovinces; the Wabigoon and Wawa are of volcanic origin and the Quetico is of sedimentary origin. These three subprovinces lie linearly in southwestern- to northeastern-oriented belts about 140 km (90 mi) wide on the southern portion of the Superior Province.The Slave province and portions of the Nain province were also affected. Between about 2,000 and 1,700 million years ago these combined with the Sask and Wyoming cratons to form the first supercontinent, the Kenorland supercontinent.