Emerging roles for lipids in non-apoptotic cell death
... epithelial cells. An intriguing connection is emerging between the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) oleic acid (OA), lysosomal membrane permeability (LMP) and nonapoptotic RCD (Figure 2a). Lysosomes are intracellular organelles with an enigmatic connection to cell death, being linked to both apopto ...
... epithelial cells. An intriguing connection is emerging between the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) oleic acid (OA), lysosomal membrane permeability (LMP) and nonapoptotic RCD (Figure 2a). Lysosomes are intracellular organelles with an enigmatic connection to cell death, being linked to both apopto ...
7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
... There are two types of ER—rough and smooth. The portion of the ER involved in protein synthesis is called rough endoplasmic reticulum, or rough ER. Ribosomes are found on the surface of rough ER. Rough ER is abundant in cells that produce large amounts of protein for export. ...
... There are two types of ER—rough and smooth. The portion of the ER involved in protein synthesis is called rough endoplasmic reticulum, or rough ER. Ribosomes are found on the surface of rough ER. Rough ER is abundant in cells that produce large amounts of protein for export. ...
7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
... There are two types of ER—rough and smooth. The portion of the ER involved in protein synthesis is called rough endoplasmic reticulum, or rough ER. Ribosomes are found on the surface of rough ER. Rough ER is abundant in cells that produce large amounts of protein for export. ...
... There are two types of ER—rough and smooth. The portion of the ER involved in protein synthesis is called rough endoplasmic reticulum, or rough ER. Ribosomes are found on the surface of rough ER. Rough ER is abundant in cells that produce large amounts of protein for export. ...
7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
... There are two types of ER—rough and smooth. The portion of the ER involved in protein synthesis is called rough endoplasmic reticulum, or rough ER. Ribosomes are found on the surface of rough ER. Rough ER is abundant in cells that produce large amounts of protein for export. ...
... There are two types of ER—rough and smooth. The portion of the ER involved in protein synthesis is called rough endoplasmic reticulum, or rough ER. Ribosomes are found on the surface of rough ER. Rough ER is abundant in cells that produce large amounts of protein for export. ...
Cell shape and plasma membrane alterations after - An
... and became irregularly elongated; lamellar shaped microvilli were found when cells were simultaneosly exposed to static MFs and apoptosis-inducing drugs. In our experiments, static MFs reduced the smoothness of the cell surface and partially impeded changes in distribution of cell surface glycans, b ...
... and became irregularly elongated; lamellar shaped microvilli were found when cells were simultaneosly exposed to static MFs and apoptosis-inducing drugs. In our experiments, static MFs reduced the smoothness of the cell surface and partially impeded changes in distribution of cell surface glycans, b ...
Light-Independent Cell Death Induced by
... accumulation of pheophorbide a in these mutants would lead to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under light conditions, which ultimately causes cell death, as observed in other chlorophyll biosynthesis mutants (Mock and Grimm 1997, Meskauskiene et al. 2001). To explain the cell death p ...
... accumulation of pheophorbide a in these mutants would lead to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under light conditions, which ultimately causes cell death, as observed in other chlorophyll biosynthesis mutants (Mock and Grimm 1997, Meskauskiene et al. 2001). To explain the cell death p ...
Control of the number of cell division rounds in distinct tissues
... this case, the factors are not titrated or exhausted. The stepwise reduction of the activator might act as a digital clock or timer. In the abovementioned cases, cells sense their conditions (N/C ratio, cell size, and amounts of specific factors) at each stage. The timing of final mitosis depends on ...
... this case, the factors are not titrated or exhausted. The stepwise reduction of the activator might act as a digital clock or timer. In the abovementioned cases, cells sense their conditions (N/C ratio, cell size, and amounts of specific factors) at each stage. The timing of final mitosis depends on ...
Glucocorticoid-Induced Plasma Membrane Depolarization during
... intracellular environment caused by the loss of potassium is required for subsequent activation of caspase 3-like enzymes and DNA degradation (15–17). Recent studies from our laboratory have shown that antiFas antibody treatment of human Jurkat T cells led to sustained depolarization of the plasma m ...
... intracellular environment caused by the loss of potassium is required for subsequent activation of caspase 3-like enzymes and DNA degradation (15–17). Recent studies from our laboratory have shown that antiFas antibody treatment of human Jurkat T cells led to sustained depolarization of the plasma m ...
Mitochondrial GFA2 Is Required for Synergid Cell
... Little is known about the molecular processes that govern female gametophyte (FG) development and function, and few FG-expressed genes have been identified. We report the identification and phenotypic analysis of 31 new FG mutants in Arabidopsis. These mutants have defects throughout development, in ...
... Little is known about the molecular processes that govern female gametophyte (FG) development and function, and few FG-expressed genes have been identified. We report the identification and phenotypic analysis of 31 new FG mutants in Arabidopsis. These mutants have defects throughout development, in ...
SCD1 is required for cell cytokinesis and polarized
... HINKEL (Strompen et al., 2002), which encodes a kinesinrelated protein, defines a third class of genes required for phragmoplast-mediated expansion and cell plate guidance. Recent reverse genetic studies have linked the function of HINKEL and division plane-localized components of a mitogen-activate ...
... HINKEL (Strompen et al., 2002), which encodes a kinesinrelated protein, defines a third class of genes required for phragmoplast-mediated expansion and cell plate guidance. Recent reverse genetic studies have linked the function of HINKEL and division plane-localized components of a mitogen-activate ...
How Have Plant Cell Walls Evolved?1
... Immunolabeling of plant materials, although relatively low throughput, offers the unique advantage of providing information not just about the presence or absence of cell wall structural features (epitopes) but also about their cellular locations. Clearly this is immensely valuable in the context of ...
... Immunolabeling of plant materials, although relatively low throughput, offers the unique advantage of providing information not just about the presence or absence of cell wall structural features (epitopes) but also about their cellular locations. Clearly this is immensely valuable in the context of ...
IN VITRO L. MADRASPATENSIS
... employed to assess the cytotoxic potential of the plant extract under study. The results of in vitro cytotoxicity study depicted that the methanol extract of Phyllanthus maderaspatensis possess good cytotoxic potentials at higher concentration (93.62% of inhibition observed in 1000 µg/ml). The activ ...
... employed to assess the cytotoxic potential of the plant extract under study. The results of in vitro cytotoxicity study depicted that the methanol extract of Phyllanthus maderaspatensis possess good cytotoxic potentials at higher concentration (93.62% of inhibition observed in 1000 µg/ml). The activ ...
6.cellandnucleardivision
... billions of years – It is likely that mitosis evolved from bacterial cell division ...
... billions of years – It is likely that mitosis evolved from bacterial cell division ...
The functions of cell wall polysaccharides in composition and
... during plant development. If all the cytosolic proteins that function in substrate generation are included, the number increases significantly. Some integral plasma membrane-associated proteins that function in wall assembly, such as cellulose synthase, do not contain signal peptides. Thus, it is li ...
... during plant development. If all the cytosolic proteins that function in substrate generation are included, the number increases significantly. Some integral plasma membrane-associated proteins that function in wall assembly, such as cellulose synthase, do not contain signal peptides. Thus, it is li ...
7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
... Cell biologists divide the eukaryotic cell into two major parts: the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is the portion of the cell outside the nucleus. Slide 3 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
... Cell biologists divide the eukaryotic cell into two major parts: the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is the portion of the cell outside the nucleus. Slide 3 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
... Cell biologists divide the eukaryotic cell into two major parts: the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is the portion of the cell outside the nucleus. Slide 3 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
... Cell biologists divide the eukaryotic cell into two major parts: the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is the portion of the cell outside the nucleus. Slide 3 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
The origins of multicellular organisms
... haplobiontic‐haploid life cycle in which the multicellular phase develops after zygotic meiosis. (B) The haplobiontic‐diploid life cycle in which the multicellular phase develops from zygotic mitosis. (C) The diplobiontic life cycle containing two multicellular individuals, one developing after zygo ...
... haplobiontic‐haploid life cycle in which the multicellular phase develops after zygotic meiosis. (B) The haplobiontic‐diploid life cycle in which the multicellular phase develops from zygotic mitosis. (C) The diplobiontic life cycle containing two multicellular individuals, one developing after zygo ...
Section 2
... Cell biologists divide the eukaryotic cell into two major parts: the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is the portion of the cell outside the nucleus. Slide 3 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
... Cell biologists divide the eukaryotic cell into two major parts: the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is the portion of the cell outside the nucleus. Slide 3 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
Idh paper revised II - G3: Genes | Genomes | Genetics
... dronc, which then cleaves and activates the downstream execution caspase drice, which in turn cleaves additional substrates in the cell death cascade. ...
... dronc, which then cleaves and activates the downstream execution caspase drice, which in turn cleaves additional substrates in the cell death cascade. ...
An antibody raised to a maize auxin-binding protein has inhibitory
... affected in its auxin-regulated division response. This suggests that plasma membrane proteins of abpl-type (or immunologically related to abpl), whose activation triggers early modifications of ionic exchanges and electrical properties, are somehow involved in the regulation of division in protopla ...
... affected in its auxin-regulated division response. This suggests that plasma membrane proteins of abpl-type (or immunologically related to abpl), whose activation triggers early modifications of ionic exchanges and electrical properties, are somehow involved in the regulation of division in protopla ...
A role for the DNA-damage checkpoint kinase Chk1 in the virulence
... arrested on the plant surface and it is not resumed until the fungus enters the plant. The mechanism of this cell cycle arrest is unknown, but it is thought that it is necessary for the correct implementation of the virulence program. Here, we show that this arrest takes place in the G2 phase, as a ...
... arrested on the plant surface and it is not resumed until the fungus enters the plant. The mechanism of this cell cycle arrest is unknown, but it is thought that it is necessary for the correct implementation of the virulence program. Here, we show that this arrest takes place in the G2 phase, as a ...
A matter of size: developmental control of organ size in plants
... Roles of cell division in organogenesis A fundamental role for cell division in organogenesis and organ-size determination is implied by the fact that larger organs tend to consist of more cells than do smaller organs [28,29]. In plants, a number of studies have indicated that cell division is a con ...
... Roles of cell division in organogenesis A fundamental role for cell division in organogenesis and organ-size determination is implied by the fact that larger organs tend to consist of more cells than do smaller organs [28,29]. In plants, a number of studies have indicated that cell division is a con ...
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... upstream regulators that provide this positional information are unknown but appear to be auxin- and microRNA-independent (Takada and Jürgens, 2007; Nodine and Bartel, 2010). A more fundamental question is the degree to which the process of protoderm specification requires specific regulatory input. ...
... upstream regulators that provide this positional information are unknown but appear to be auxin- and microRNA-independent (Takada and Jürgens, 2007; Nodine and Bartel, 2010). A more fundamental question is the degree to which the process of protoderm specification requires specific regulatory input. ...
Cell Wall Amine Oxidases: New Players in Root Xylem
... (Spm). Additionally, thermospermine (T-Spm), an isomer of Spm, which has not as yet been detected in mammalian cells, has been found to be widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom [14,15]. Put and Spd are essential for life, as Arabidopsis mutants defective in their biosynthetic pathways are ...
... (Spm). Additionally, thermospermine (T-Spm), an isomer of Spm, which has not as yet been detected in mammalian cells, has been found to be widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom [14,15]. Put and Spd are essential for life, as Arabidopsis mutants defective in their biosynthetic pathways are ...
A Vacuolar Processing Enzyme, dVPE, Is Involved in Seed Coat
... was delayed. Immunocytochemical analysis localized dVPE to electron-dense structures inside and outside the walls of seed coat cells that undergo cell death. Interestingly, dVPE in the precipitate fraction from young siliques exhibits caspase1–like activity, which has been detected in various types ...
... was delayed. Immunocytochemical analysis localized dVPE to electron-dense structures inside and outside the walls of seed coat cells that undergo cell death. Interestingly, dVPE in the precipitate fraction from young siliques exhibits caspase1–like activity, which has been detected in various types ...
Programmed cell death
Programmed cell-death (or PCD) is death of a cell in any form, mediated by an intracellular program. PCD is carried out in a regulated process, which usually confers advantage during an organism's life-cycle. For example, the differentiation of fingers and toes in a developing human embryo occurs because cells between the fingers apoptose; the result is that the digits are separate. PCD serves fundamental functions during both plant and metazoa (multicellular animals) tissue development.Apoptosis and autophagy are both forms of programmed cell death, but necrosis is a non-physiological process that occurs as a result of infection or injury.Necrosis is the death of a cell caused by external factors such as trauma or infection and occurs in several different forms. Recently a form of programmed necrosis, called necroptosis, has been recognized as an alternate form of programmed cell death. It is hypothesized that necroptosis can serve as a cell-death backup to apoptosis when the apoptosis signaling is blocked by endogenous or exogenous factors such as viruses or mutations.