SUSPENSOR DEVELOPMENT IN GAGEA LUTEA (L.) KER GAWL
... to which 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was added to permeate the cells (Traas et al., 1987). Then the ovules were fixed in 4% formaldehyde freshly prepared from paraformaldehyde in piperazine buffer containing 5% DMSO for 4 h at room temperature. Next, the ovules were rinsed in piperazine buffer and ...
... to which 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was added to permeate the cells (Traas et al., 1987). Then the ovules were fixed in 4% formaldehyde freshly prepared from paraformaldehyde in piperazine buffer containing 5% DMSO for 4 h at room temperature. Next, the ovules were rinsed in piperazine buffer and ...
Plant Cell Walls
... Microfibrils The cell wall is biphasic: microfibrils (the wall’s scaffolding) are embedded in and interconnected by, yet also held apart by, the wall matrix. Microfibrils are composed of semicrystalline cellulose and contain little water. Individual cellulose molecules within a microfibril lie in parall ...
... Microfibrils The cell wall is biphasic: microfibrils (the wall’s scaffolding) are embedded in and interconnected by, yet also held apart by, the wall matrix. Microfibrils are composed of semicrystalline cellulose and contain little water. Individual cellulose molecules within a microfibril lie in parall ...
Membrane Trafficking During Plant Cytokinesis
... ADL1A and other proteins involved in vesicular transport between the TGN, plasma membrane and endocytic compartments including b-adaptin, a subunit of the clathrin adaptor protein complex, and AtSEC14 cofractionated by affinity chromatography on immobilized-naphthylphthalmic acid (NPA) (53). NPA is a ...
... ADL1A and other proteins involved in vesicular transport between the TGN, plasma membrane and endocytic compartments including b-adaptin, a subunit of the clathrin adaptor protein complex, and AtSEC14 cofractionated by affinity chromatography on immobilized-naphthylphthalmic acid (NPA) (53). NPA is a ...
Encapsulated Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells Actively Protect
... nerve growth factor (NGF)-secreting cells prevented extensive neuronal loss in the aged rodents and restored cognitive function (Lindner et al. 1996). Moreover, cortical implantation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-secreting cells in a bed of alginate microcapsules resulted in VEGFdepen ...
... nerve growth factor (NGF)-secreting cells prevented extensive neuronal loss in the aged rodents and restored cognitive function (Lindner et al. 1996). Moreover, cortical implantation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-secreting cells in a bed of alginate microcapsules resulted in VEGFdepen ...
Day1 chick development
... The pendulum-shaped furrow has an elaborate structure at its base called furrow base body, which in addition to supplying new membrane may function as an equivalent of midbody in driving furrow deepening (Gipson, 1974) or in controlling the transition from vertical to horizontal furrow burrowing (Be ...
... The pendulum-shaped furrow has an elaborate structure at its base called furrow base body, which in addition to supplying new membrane may function as an equivalent of midbody in driving furrow deepening (Gipson, 1974) or in controlling the transition from vertical to horizontal furrow burrowing (Be ...
Cell Cycle Control in Arabidopsis
... Arabidopsis plants (Ferreira et al., 1991). The expression of the cdc2aAt gene during plant development was studied by in situ hybridization (Martinez et al., 1992 ; Hemerly et al., 1993) and in transgenic Arabidopsis plants transformed with the cdc2aAt promoter fused to the β-glucuronidase (gus) re ...
... Arabidopsis plants (Ferreira et al., 1991). The expression of the cdc2aAt gene during plant development was studied by in situ hybridization (Martinez et al., 1992 ; Hemerly et al., 1993) and in transgenic Arabidopsis plants transformed with the cdc2aAt promoter fused to the β-glucuronidase (gus) re ...
Arabidopsis root K - Journal of Cell Science
... plasma-membrane outwardly rectifying K+ channel. In intact Arabidopsis roots, both HRs and stress induced a dramatic K+ efflux that was much smaller in gork1-1 plants. Tests with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that NaCl can stimulate HR generation in roots and this might lead to ...
... plasma-membrane outwardly rectifying K+ channel. In intact Arabidopsis roots, both HRs and stress induced a dramatic K+ efflux that was much smaller in gork1-1 plants. Tests with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that NaCl can stimulate HR generation in roots and this might lead to ...
Tea4p Links Microtubule Plus Ends with the Formin For3p in the
... its coiled-coil region. As in the two-hybrid system, tea4N did not bind to tea1C (Figure 1F). Thus, tea4p binds tea1p directly. Tea4p Colocalizes with Tea1p at MT Plus Ends and Cell Tips To examine the localization of tea4p, we imaged cells with functional tea4p-GFP or tea4p-YFP fusions expressed un ...
... its coiled-coil region. As in the two-hybrid system, tea4N did not bind to tea1C (Figure 1F). Thus, tea4p binds tea1p directly. Tea4p Colocalizes with Tea1p at MT Plus Ends and Cell Tips To examine the localization of tea4p, we imaged cells with functional tea4p-GFP or tea4p-YFP fusions expressed un ...
Endomembrane trafficking protein SEC24A regulates cell size
... Size is a fundamental characteristic of a cell, but how cell size is determined is still not well understood in most living organisms (Marshall et al., 2012). Cells of different types typically have characteristic sizes, indicating that size is carefully regulated to fit cell functions during differ ...
... Size is a fundamental characteristic of a cell, but how cell size is determined is still not well understood in most living organisms (Marshall et al., 2012). Cells of different types typically have characteristic sizes, indicating that size is carefully regulated to fit cell functions during differ ...
Endomembrane trafficking protein SEC24A regulates cell size
... Size is a fundamental characteristic of a cell, but how cell size is determined is still not well understood in most living organisms (Marshall et al., 2012). Cells of different types typically have characteristic sizes, indicating that size is carefully regulated to fit cell functions during differ ...
... Size is a fundamental characteristic of a cell, but how cell size is determined is still not well understood in most living organisms (Marshall et al., 2012). Cells of different types typically have characteristic sizes, indicating that size is carefully regulated to fit cell functions during differ ...
Structural aspects of bulge formation during root hair initiation
... Using light and electron microscopy, the early stages of root hair initiation were investigated under control conditions and in a situation where F-actin polymerization was effectively inhibited by latrunculin B. Trichoblasts in their early stage of bulge formation possessed large vacuole traversed ...
... Using light and electron microscopy, the early stages of root hair initiation were investigated under control conditions and in a situation where F-actin polymerization was effectively inhibited by latrunculin B. Trichoblasts in their early stage of bulge formation possessed large vacuole traversed ...
Cell Wall Architecture Prerequisite for the Cell Division in the
... cells. It was shown that both types of cells were capable of withstanding bursting. Furthermore, no substantial change in cell diameter dependent on the swelling was recorded. The architecture of cell wall regenerated from protoplasts—The structure of cell wall regenerated from the mesophyll-derived ...
... cells. It was shown that both types of cells were capable of withstanding bursting. Furthermore, no substantial change in cell diameter dependent on the swelling was recorded. The architecture of cell wall regenerated from protoplasts—The structure of cell wall regenerated from the mesophyll-derived ...
Matching Terms Test
... Located inside the nucleus and important in cell reproduction Tissues joined together for a particular function Cells of the same type joined together for a common purpose Study of how disease occurs Match the following cell terms a. organelles b. centrosome c. chromatin d. pinocytic vesicles ...
... Located inside the nucleus and important in cell reproduction Tissues joined together for a particular function Cells of the same type joined together for a common purpose Study of how disease occurs Match the following cell terms a. organelles b. centrosome c. chromatin d. pinocytic vesicles ...
Autophagy and cell death in model organisms - IMBB
... been adapted to serve additional cellular functions. The presence of autophagic structures in dying cells, in diverse organisms has implicated autophagy in the cell death process. Cell death is of paramount importance both for the development and also during the adult life of animals, by forming and ...
... been adapted to serve additional cellular functions. The presence of autophagic structures in dying cells, in diverse organisms has implicated autophagy in the cell death process. Cell death is of paramount importance both for the development and also during the adult life of animals, by forming and ...
Beyond the meristems: similarities in the
... to undergo cell separation and loss of organs. In this respect, it is tempting to propose that signalling mechanisms regulating plant architecture may have evolved from an ancestral set of components, which adapted to give different developmental and cellular responses. CLV3 and related CLE peptides ...
... to undergo cell separation and loss of organs. In this respect, it is tempting to propose that signalling mechanisms regulating plant architecture may have evolved from an ancestral set of components, which adapted to give different developmental and cellular responses. CLV3 and related CLE peptides ...
Varicella-Zoster Virus-Infected Human Sensory Neurons Are
... weeks of gestation. Human fetal tissue was obtained from therapeutic terminations after informed consent and approval of the research project by the Western Sydney Health Service and University of Sydney Ethics Committees. DRG were dissected from the spine and gently cleaned of surrounding connectiv ...
... weeks of gestation. Human fetal tissue was obtained from therapeutic terminations after informed consent and approval of the research project by the Western Sydney Health Service and University of Sydney Ethics Committees. DRG were dissected from the spine and gently cleaned of surrounding connectiv ...
Autophagy and cell death in model organisms
... been adapted to serve additional cellular functions. The presence of autophagic structures in dying cells, in diverse organisms has implicated autophagy in the cell death process. Cell death is of paramount importance both for the development and also during the adult life of animals, by forming and ...
... been adapted to serve additional cellular functions. The presence of autophagic structures in dying cells, in diverse organisms has implicated autophagy in the cell death process. Cell death is of paramount importance both for the development and also during the adult life of animals, by forming and ...
Experimental and genetic analysis of root development in
... to switch fate when they cross the boundary set by the first zygotic division (i.e. the separation between the quiescent centre and columella on the one hand, and the proximal meristem on the other hand). Upon ablation of quiescent centre cells, the underlying (more distal) columella cells ceased to ...
... to switch fate when they cross the boundary set by the first zygotic division (i.e. the separation between the quiescent centre and columella on the one hand, and the proximal meristem on the other hand). Upon ablation of quiescent centre cells, the underlying (more distal) columella cells ceased to ...
Chapter 3 PowerPoint
... Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued) • Ribosomes link amino acids to form proteins. • Golgi Apparatus- process, sort & deliver proteins • Vesicles are membrane-bound sacs that hold materials until it is ready for use. ...
... Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued) • Ribosomes link amino acids to form proteins. • Golgi Apparatus- process, sort & deliver proteins • Vesicles are membrane-bound sacs that hold materials until it is ready for use. ...
Cell Wall Architecture Prerequisite for the Cell
... when suspended in medium containing 0.4 or 0.5 M mannitol. By contrast, 10, 20 and 30 day-old cells did not show bursting when suspended in the same medium. The number of non-burst cells slightly increased at 10, 20 and 30 d upon suspension in medium containing 0.3 M or no mannitol. We separated div ...
... when suspended in medium containing 0.4 or 0.5 M mannitol. By contrast, 10, 20 and 30 day-old cells did not show bursting when suspended in the same medium. The number of non-burst cells slightly increased at 10, 20 and 30 d upon suspension in medium containing 0.3 M or no mannitol. We separated div ...
Populus endobetamannanase PtrMAN6 plays a role in coordinating
... structure and stockpile the majority of photosynthesisfixed carbon and solar energy. CWs can be generally classified into the primary cell wall (PCW) and secondary cell wall (SCW), which are formed through different processes and are regulated via different pathways. The PCW begins to form along wit ...
... structure and stockpile the majority of photosynthesisfixed carbon and solar energy. CWs can be generally classified into the primary cell wall (PCW) and secondary cell wall (SCW), which are formed through different processes and are regulated via different pathways. The PCW begins to form along wit ...
mutant alleles of polymitotic that disrupt the cell cycle
... stages of meiosis II. The po meiocyte cells undergo a normal anaphase II and telophase II as shown by the presence of apparently normal spindles and phragmoplasts (data not shown). However, even within one tetrad, asynchronous cell divisions are observed in late stages of meiosis II (Fig. 2A and B). ...
... stages of meiosis II. The po meiocyte cells undergo a normal anaphase II and telophase II as shown by the presence of apparently normal spindles and phragmoplasts (data not shown). However, even within one tetrad, asynchronous cell divisions are observed in late stages of meiosis II (Fig. 2A and B). ...
Cytoskeletal control of plant cell shape: getting the fine points
... growth anisotropy in the cells of fra2 and bot1 mutants is associated with abnormal microtubule organization [5,6]. As katanins have been shown to function as microtubulesevering proteins [8], work on AtKTN1 implicates microtubule severing as an important mechanism for achieving the proper organizat ...
... growth anisotropy in the cells of fra2 and bot1 mutants is associated with abnormal microtubule organization [5,6]. As katanins have been shown to function as microtubulesevering proteins [8], work on AtKTN1 implicates microtubule severing as an important mechanism for achieving the proper organizat ...
... glycosidic bond (Figure 1) [2]. These compounds are mainly used as additives in pharmaceutical and food industry, or additives. It has been reported that hydrolysed anthocyanins (i.e. anthocyanidins) have a positive effect reducing the growth of tumors [3]. There are different ways to produce anthoc ...
The PXY-CLE41 receptor ligand pair defines a
... J. Peter Etchells and Simon R. Turner* SUMMARY Controlling the orientation of cell division is fundamental to the development of complex body plans. This is particularly apparent in plants, where development is determined by differential growth that results solely from changes in cell expansion and ...
... J. Peter Etchells and Simon R. Turner* SUMMARY Controlling the orientation of cell division is fundamental to the development of complex body plans. This is particularly apparent in plants, where development is determined by differential growth that results solely from changes in cell expansion and ...
Programmed cell death
Programmed cell-death (or PCD) is death of a cell in any form, mediated by an intracellular program. PCD is carried out in a regulated process, which usually confers advantage during an organism's life-cycle. For example, the differentiation of fingers and toes in a developing human embryo occurs because cells between the fingers apoptose; the result is that the digits are separate. PCD serves fundamental functions during both plant and metazoa (multicellular animals) tissue development.Apoptosis and autophagy are both forms of programmed cell death, but necrosis is a non-physiological process that occurs as a result of infection or injury.Necrosis is the death of a cell caused by external factors such as trauma or infection and occurs in several different forms. Recently a form of programmed necrosis, called necroptosis, has been recognized as an alternate form of programmed cell death. It is hypothesized that necroptosis can serve as a cell-death backup to apoptosis when the apoptosis signaling is blocked by endogenous or exogenous factors such as viruses or mutations.