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L1-Esophagus and stomach2014-11-16 00:5710.6 MB
L1-Esophagus and stomach2014-11-16 00:5710.6 MB

... • By the end of this lecture the student should be able to: • Describe the anatomy of the esophagus: extent, length, parts, strictures, relations, blood supply, innervation and lymphatics. • Describe the anatomy of the stomach: location, shape, parts, relations, blood supply, innervation and lymphat ...
Biochemistry of Specialized Tissues( liver)
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... acids is conjugated via an amide bond to either glycine or taurine before their being re-secreted into the bile canaliculi. These conjugation reactions yield glycoconjugates and tauroconjugates, respectively. The bile canaliculi join with the bile ductules, which then form the bile ducts. Bile acids ...
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... 39. The Nutrition Facts label on a food product indicates there are 12 grams of sugar in one serving of the food. The list of ingredients is “wheat flour, high fructose corn syrup, milk powder and apple juice.” Which of the following would be true? a. The total grams of carbohydrates on the Nutritio ...
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... 39. The Nutrition Facts label on a food product indicates there are 12 grams of sugar in one serving of the food. The list of ingredients is “wheat flour, high fructose corn syrup, milk powder and apple juice.” Which of the following would be true? a. The total grams of carbohydrates on the Nutritio ...
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Human digestive system



In the human digestive system, the process of digestion has many stages, the first of which starts in the mouth (oral cavity). Digestion involves the breakdown of food into smaller and smaller components which can be absorbed and assimilated into the body. The secretion of saliva helps to produce a bolus which can be swallowed to pass down the oesophagus and into the stomach.Saliva also contains a catalytic enzyme called amylase which starts to act on food in the mouth. Another digestive enzyme called lingual lipase is secreted by some of the lingual papillae to enter the saliva. Digestion is helped by the mastication of food by the teeth and also by the muscular contractions of peristalsis. Gastric juice in the stomach is essential for the continuation of digestion as is the production of mucus in the stomach.Peristalsis is the rhythmic contraction of muscles that begins in the oesophagus and continues along the wall of the stomach and the rest of the gastrointestinal tract. This initially results in the production of chyme which when fully broken down in the small intestine is absorbed as chyle into the lymphatic system. Most of the digestion of food takes place in the small intestine. Water and some minerals are reabsorbed back into the blood, in the colon of the large intestine. The waste products of digestion are defecated from the anus via the rectum.
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