• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
P-Glycoprotein in the Blood-Brain Barrier of Mice Influences the
P-Glycoprotein in the Blood-Brain Barrier of Mice Influences the

... loperidol does; clozapine, a phenothiazine drug used at very high doses to treat therapy-resistant schizophrenia, with rare but life-threatening peripheral side effects such as agranulocytosis or pancytopenia; flunitrazepam as a model benzodiazepine drug; phenytoin, an important antiepileptic drug t ...
Charting Regional - Epidural Events A
Charting Regional - Epidural Events A

... However, you will need to UNDO each pump rate change individually in order to clear the entire TimeLine for the infusion. To DISCONTINUE the drug order, the steps are the same as above. ...
A short introduction to pharmacokinetics
A short introduction to pharmacokinetics

... reasons. First, because the log trasformation widen the scale of the concentrations so as to be able to clearly observe the full data plot even when the data range over various orders of magnitude. Second because a semilog plot helps more in the choice of the best pharmacokinetic model to fit the da ...
Prescription Drug Prices in Canada and the United
Prescription Drug Prices in Canada and the United

... that price differences for those drugs ranged from a Canadian discount of 98 percent to a Canadian premium of 350 percent at the wholesale level and a 95 percent discount to a 238 percent premium at the retail level. Two drugs were more expensive in Canada at the wholesale level and seven at the ret ...
Pathways of drug metabolism
Pathways of drug metabolism

... 56% of drugs that cause ADRs are metabolized by polymorphic phase I enzymes, of which 86% are CYP P450; only 20% of drugs associated with ADRs are substrates for non-polymorphic enzymes ADRs cause > 100 000 deaths/y in the USA Up to 7% of all hospital admissions in the UK and Sweden are due to ADRs ...
formulation and evaluation of floating microspheres of diclofenac
formulation and evaluation of floating microspheres of diclofenac

... Arthritis is a condition involving damage to the joints of the body. It can affect people at any stage of the life but it is the leading cause of disability in people older than 55 years. Arthritis is not just one disease but it is a complex disorder that comprises more than 100 distinct conditions. ...
An overview of the US regulatory system for OTC products
An overview of the US regulatory system for OTC products

... those tied to application review – have increased substantially.18 For example, at its inception in 1992, the user fee for review of a new application requiring clinical data was US$100,000. In fiscal year 2013, this fee is US$1,958,800. Thus OTC drug manufacturers must build filing costs into their ...
ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS IN ADULTS LEADING TO EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT VISITS
ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS IN ADULTS LEADING TO EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT VISITS

... presented to emergency room were due to non adherence. The causes of patient non-adherence were due to a majority of them switching over to alternative systems of medicine. In a multivariate analysis by Lazarou J et al, only age and the number of medications taken were significantly associated with ...
Knowledge
Knowledge

... Pharmacodynamics – studies what effect drugs have on the body and how it happens. This includes not just the cellular and molecular aspects, but also the relevant clinical laboratory or instrumental parameters. Correct prescribing – includes using the right medication, at the right dose, with the r ...
Uppers, Downers, All Arounders, 7th Edition
Uppers, Downers, All Arounders, 7th Edition

... by a community. An estimated 20 million Americans desire treatment but only 1.4 million receive treatment (treatment gap). 20 to 30% of those on a waiting list for treatment follow through and enter treatment. C. HARM REDUCTION (pp. 8.15−8.16) Harm reduction focuses on techniques to minimize the per ...
An overview of the evidence and mechanisms of herb–drug
An overview of the evidence and mechanisms of herb–drug

... number of plant-sourced pharmacological actives, the potential for HDI should always be assessed in the non-clinical safety assessment phase of drug development process. More clinically relevant research is also required in this area as current information on HDI is insufficient for clinical applicat ...
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DOSE
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DOSE

... summation or antagonism of the effects of multiple drugs. However, there is still no consensus as to the meanings of these terms. For instance, in a review, Goldin and Mantel in 1957 (38) listed seven different definitions of these terms. Confusion and ambiguity persist (39) despite increasing use o ...
Frog intestinal sac as an in vitro method
Frog intestinal sac as an in vitro method

... was inhibited by the digitalis steroid ouabain and it may be related to the Na+ electrochemical potential difference, presumably involving amino acid transporters; (iii) the presence of proton-dependent peptide transporters was argued evaluating the effect of the pH change (from pH 5.9 to pH 7.4) on ...
An Overview of Present and Future Drug Testing
An Overview of Present and Future Drug Testing

... findings and could not be trusted. This initiated a blind study from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) that highlighted the nature of this problem. The study resulted in a 1985 publication in the Journal of the American Medical Association entitled "Crisis in Drug Testing" which documented the ...
Use of renal risk drugs in hospitalized patients with impaired renal
Use of renal risk drugs in hospitalized patients with impaired renal

... Renal risk drugs that may also be renoprotective were used by 133 (66%) of the patients with RI stages 3, 4 and 5, compared with 251 users (41%) among those with stages 1 and 2. Among the drugs with potential dual functions, ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II inhibitors were the most frequently presc ...
Drugs and the Elderly: Practical Considerations
Drugs and the Elderly: Practical Considerations

... UCSF Division of Geriatrics Primary Care Lecture Series May 2001 ...
Toxicology Common poisonings and Drugs of Abuse
Toxicology Common poisonings and Drugs of Abuse

... patient complained of severe crushing substernal chest pain, and became diaphoretic and nauseated. ...
Acidity and basicity of drugs
Acidity and basicity of drugs

... • When the drug become ionized, this will increase its water solubility because there will be a better solvation by ionic-dipole interaction between ionized drug and water molecule. • So, once the drug get ionized it will have lower logP than the unionized from (more polar). ...
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MULTIPLE EMULSION OF HYDROXYPROGESTERONE Research Article
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MULTIPLE EMULSION OF HYDROXYPROGESTERONE Research Article

... Parenteral emulsions are special O/W emulsions used to feed patients whose medical condition makes them unable to eat normally. One is that the maximum droplet size must be below 5µm in order to avoid the risk of a pulmonary embolism. The hydrodynamic and physicochemical formulation parameters were ...
Cytochrome P450
Cytochrome P450

... be measured by difference spectrometry and is referred to as the "type I" difference spectrum (see inset graph in figure). Some substrates cause an opposite change in spectral properties, a "reverse type I" spectrum, by processes that are as yet unclear. Inhibitors and certain substrates that bind ...
Enhancement of Dissolution Rate of Domperidone Using Melt
Enhancement of Dissolution Rate of Domperidone Using Melt

... INTRODUCTION Dissolution is the process by which a solid solute enters a solution. It may be defined as the amount of drug substance that goes into solution per unit time under standardized conditions of liquid/solid interface, temperature and solvent composition. Dissolution is considered one of th ...
Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) Advisory
Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) Advisory

... brain or into tissue surrounding the brain) in women. Men may also be at risk. Although the risk of hemorrhagic stroke is very low, FDA recommends that consumers not use any products that contain phenylpropanolamine. FDA’s Nonprescription Drugs Advisory Committee (NDAC) recently discussed this study ...
Incentive Salience and the Transition to Addiction
Incentive Salience and the Transition to Addiction

... Most adults have used a potentially addictive drug at least once in their lifetime, if caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine are included in addition to illicit drugs. In some cases, contact with a substance is so frequent and socially accepted that many in society fail to recognize it as a “drug.” Howeve ...
Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC)
Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC)

... According to 21 CFR 210.3(b)(8), an inactive ingredient is any component of a drug product other than the active ingredient. Only inactive ingredients in the final dosage forms of drug products are in this database. The Inactive Ingredients Database provides information on inactive ingredients prese ...
- Madhya Pradesh Bhoj Open University
- Madhya Pradesh Bhoj Open University

... program. Contributing factors include not only the compounds it was necessary to prepare before the most satisfactory was found, the medicinal chemists can contribute to the efficiency of developing or exploiting a lead by making fewest unsatisfactory compounds. The discovery of useful new drug or l ...
< 1 ... 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 ... 161 >

Orphan drug

An orphan drug is a pharmaceutical agent that has been developed specifically to treat a rare medical condition, the condition itself being referred to as an orphan disease.In the US and EU it is easier to gain marketing approval for an orphan drug, and there may be other financial incentives, such as extended exclusivity periods, all intended to encourage the development of drugs which might otherwise lack a sufficient profit motive. The assignment of orphan status to a disease and to any drugs developed to treat it is a matter of public policy in many countries, and has resulted in medical breakthroughs that may not have otherwise been achieved due to the economics of drug research and development.According to Thomson Reuters in their 2012 publication ""The Economic Power of Orphan Drugs"", there has been increased investing in orphan drug Research and Development partly due to the U. S. Orphan Drug Act (ODA) 1983 and similar Acts in other regions of the world and also driven by ""high-profile philanthropic funding."" The period between 2001 to 2011 was the ""most productive period in the history of orphan drug development, in terms of average annual orphan drug designations and orphan drug approvals."" For the same decade the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of the orphan drugs was an ""impressive 25.8 percent, compared to only 20.1 percent for a matched control group of non-orphan drugs."" By 2012 the market for orphan drugs was worth USD$637 million compared to the USD$638 million matched control group of non-orphan drugs, Thomson Reuters.By 2012, ""the revenue-generating potential of orphan drugs [was] as great as for non-orphan drugs, even though patient populations for rare diseases are significantly smaller. Moreover, we suggest that orphan drugs have greater profitability when considered in the full context of developmental drivers including government financial incentives, smaller clinical trial sizes, shorter clinical trial times and higher rates of regulatory success.""
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report