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- Wiley Online Library
- Wiley Online Library

... France). Cd tolerance was measured under controlled glasshouse conditions (13 h light d 1, 100 lmol photons m 2 s 1 irradiance, and 20°C : 17°C, day : night) at the Free University of Brussels. Vessels were randomly distributed in the chamber and moved around once a week during the change of nutrien ...
A Complementary Circular Code in the Protein Coding
A Complementary Circular Code in the Protein Coding

Class I tRNA
Class I tRNA

... then join sequentially and cooperatively. ...
CHK2 kinase: cancer susceptibility and cancer therapy – two sides
CHK2 kinase: cancer susceptibility and cancer therapy – two sides

... Cell-cycle arrest. In order to allow for repair to proceed, cells delay DNA synthesis and cell division following DNA damage. The original studies that identified human CHK2 demonstrated that it can phosphorylate the CDC25C phosphatase, which is required for the activation of cyclin-dependent kinase ...
Term Identification in the Biomedical Literature*
Term Identification in the Biomedical Literature*

... To give an example of the term identification steps, consider a hypothetical sentence such as ‘p53 protein suppresses mdm2 expression’ in an article on human signal transduction. We use term recognition to find the term boundaries for the two entities of interest (p53 protein and mdm2). Then, we cat ...
PH4 of Petunia Is an R2R3 MYB Protein That Activates
PH4 of Petunia Is an R2R3 MYB Protein That Activates

... AN11, PH3, and PH4 are active, we analyzed flowers of different developmental stages. Figure 2G shows that wild-type petals start to acidify around developmental stage 4, when the bud is about to open. In an1, ph3, and ph4 mutants, this acidification is reduced but not blocked completely. This findi ...
Making Headway: The Roles of Hox Genes and Neural
Making Headway: The Roles of Hox Genes and Neural

... majority of cranial neural crest cells which migrate ventrolaterally in three discrete segmental streams adjacent to the even-numbered rhombomeres. The streams of cranial neural crest cells follow a subectodermal route over the surface of the cranial mesoderm and populate the first, second, and thir ...
Current understanding of fatty acid biosynthesis and the acyl carrier
Current understanding of fatty acid biosynthesis and the acyl carrier

PowerPoint Presentation - Презентация PowerPoint
PowerPoint Presentation - Презентация PowerPoint

... Subsystem: Fe-S cluster assembly Dmitry Rodionov Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) proteins are present in all living organisms and play important roles in electron transport and metalloenzyme catalysis [1]. Although Fe-S ...
Pristionchus pacificus
Pristionchus pacificus

... 5.1. Formal genetics and sex determination P. pacificus is a self-fertilizing hermaphrodite with the frequent occurrence of males. The sex determination system is of the XX/XO type, similar to C. elegans (Pires-daSilva & Sommer, 2004). In general, mutagenesis experiments are carried out in the labor ...
Using Drosophila to Understand the Genetics of Circadian Rhythms
Using Drosophila to Understand the Genetics of Circadian Rhythms

... time of the assay, without regard to developmental roles for the gene product. This disadvantage also applies to many transgenic systems if the gene is expressed or misexpressed throughout development. Further, genes whose products are needed for normal development may have a different role in adult ...
lipoprotein metabolism
lipoprotein metabolism

... What is the source for lipids in CM? How does the CM release FFA? What is the fate of the FFA and Glycerol? Where is the LPL found? What are the components of Remnant CM? ...
Divergent evolution of the thiolase superfamily and chalcone
Divergent evolution of the thiolase superfamily and chalcone

Comparative Analysis of ,Multiple Protein
Comparative Analysis of ,Multiple Protein

Quantitative Analysis of the Kinetics of End
Quantitative Analysis of the Kinetics of End

... structure. The ATP concentration is maintained at high levels so that each DNA-bound RecA monomer is functioning at its kcat. The kcat employed is that observed in the presence of longer random sequence ssDNA molecules. Under conditions used in this series of experiments, the kcat for ATP hydrolysis ...
List of abbreviations
List of abbreviations

... the most serious and concerning problems in the public health care both in developed and developing countries. According to the United States Center for Disease Control and Prevention (US CDC), NI/HAI can be described as an infection which occurs in a period of 48 hours, not having been present at t ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... Closely extragenic RFLPs For E. BclI, Xbal (Fac.VIII) For E. XmnI, TaqI (Fac.IX) ...
Premature stop codons involved in muscular dystrophies
Premature stop codons involved in muscular dystrophies

Maneeshi Prasad
Maneeshi Prasad

Karavay P.A1*, Leonid I. Nefyodov2</sup
Karavay P.A1*, Leonid I. Nefyodov2

... with the use of multivariate analysis and mathematical modeling. At the same time, it was convincingly demonstrated that the removal or correction of the intermediate metabolic changes can be achieved using individual amino acids and their derivatives, or a combination thereof as universal natural b ...
Ethylene is involved in strawberry fruit ripening in an organ
Ethylene is involved in strawberry fruit ripening in an organ

... The fruit of the strawberry Fragaria×ananassa has traditionally been classified as non-climacteric because its ripening process is not governed by ethylene. However, previous studies have reported the timely endogenous production of minor amounts of ethylene by the fruit as well as the differential ...
Male-killing i n two species of insect Wolbachia 1~ THE ROYAL
Male-killing i n two species of insect Wolbachia 1~ THE ROYAL

... the bias to be associated with high egg mortality, and to be curable by treatment of the female parent with antibiotics. It is thus a case of infection with male-killing bacteria. Eighty-six per cent of wild females in this species bear the male-killing trait, which is maternally inherited, with ver ...
continued
continued

... 10.1 What Is the Physical Basis of Inheritance?  Genes are sequences of nucleotides at specific locations on chromosomes – Inheritance is the process by which the characteristics of individuals are passed to their offspring – A gene is a unit of heredity that encodes information needed to produce ...
A systematic screen for tube morphogenesis and branching genes in the Drosophila tracheal system. PLoS Genetics 7: e1002087.
A systematic screen for tube morphogenesis and branching genes in the Drosophila tracheal system. PLoS Genetics 7: e1002087.

... genes encoding transcription factors such as pointed, blistered/pruned, and escargot required, respectively, for secondary and terminal branching and branch fusion [12,14,26,29]. Many other important genes have been identified by their tracheal expression patterns, analysis of candidate genes, and s ...
VCS: Tool for Visualizing Copy Number Variation and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
VCS: Tool for Visualizing Copy Number Variation and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism

... values for different research purposes. In addition, user can draw a Manhattan plot which easily can define appropriate significance value, and can perform the comparison among samples selected in this menu. The input file needs matrix format data with the information of physical location and the va ...
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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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