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Dickkopf1 Is Required for Embryonic Head Induction
Dickkopf1 Is Required for Embryonic Head Induction

... inhibit the Spemann organizer during embryonic head induction. That this pathway is capable of antagonizing the head organizer is suggested by the overexpression of Wnts during gastrulation, which leads to microcephaly in Xenopus (Christian and Moon, 1993; McGrew et al., 1997) and possibly in mouse ...
Metal Complexes Containing Natural and Artificial Radioactive
Metal Complexes Containing Natural and Artificial Radioactive

... member of the actinide series of elements, although it has no 5f electrons in its metallic, gaseous, or ionic forms [1]. Technetium (element 43) possesses two radioactive isotopes with long half-lives: 99Tc (2.12 × 105 years, has practical use) and 98Tc (1.5 × 106 years, it is a rhenium analogue). B ...
- Synthesis Bikaner
- Synthesis Bikaner

... (4) More than zero but less than one Ans. (2) The process of separation and purification of expressed protein before marketing is called (1) Postropoduction processing ...
Unusual ADP-forming acetyl-coenzyme A synthetases from the
Unusual ADP-forming acetyl-coenzyme A synthetases from the

... So far, ACDs in archaea have been characterized only from the anaerobic, hyperthermophilic euryarchaeota P. furiosus, Archaeoglobus fulgidus and Methanococcus jannaschii (Glasemacher et al. 1997; Mai and Adams 1996; Musfeldt et al. 1999; Musfeldt and Schönheit 2002). In P. furiosus, two isoenzymes, ...
Engrailed cooperates with extradenticle and homothorax to repress
Engrailed cooperates with extradenticle and homothorax to repress

... Fig. 1F-H, complete removal of both maternal and zygotic exd function caused a dramatic drop in En repression activity on the slp gene. However, as with hth, there appeared to be residual activity even in the absence of exd function. Thus, although En retains a residual repression activity in vivo w ...
Prediction of Folding, Stability and Structure of Proteins from Amino
Prediction of Folding, Stability and Structure of Proteins from Amino

... genomes of several different species, including the genome of humans. When it comes to the human genome, however, a complete understanding of the 500000 proteins encoded by the 30000 genes will take many more years of further study. Not only is there a great volume of data to be interpreted, but the ...
Additional file 1
Additional file 1

... 1、 The protein sequence of bh2b may be queried against transcription factor database of Jaspar[3] with blastp to gather information on likely DNA binding sites of bh2b, which is based on the PWMs of transcription factors that are similar to bh2b. The blastp result shows that bh2b is similar with tra ...
Spring 2005 - AT Children`s Project
Spring 2005 - AT Children`s Project

... the rat, which may possess neurological abnormalities similar to those seen in patients. For years mice have been genetically manipulated in order to gain a better understanding of human disease. For example, researchers have added genes to the mouse’s already existing genetic repertoire, creating s ...
biochemical investigation into initiation of fatty acid synthesis in the
biochemical investigation into initiation of fatty acid synthesis in the

Myr 8, A Novel Unconventional Myosin Expressed during Brain
Myr 8, A Novel Unconventional Myosin Expressed during Brain

... performed using probe 4, which was generated by PCR amplification using the K IAA0865 specific antisense primer as described below for PCR amplification of myr 8 isoforms. Probe 4 represents nucleotides 3905– 4600 of the myr 8b sequence. Northern blot anal yses. Total RNA was extracted from primary ...
213 porters and neurotransmitter transporters
213 porters and neurotransmitter transporters

... Neurotransmission in mammals is primed by the synthesis of a specific neurotransmitter that is accumulated into synaptic vesicles or granules. Following a specific signal, the transmitter is secreted from the vesicles into the synaptic cleft (Kanner, 1989; Nelson, 1993). The neurotransmitter interac ...
Expression and activity of hexokinase in the early mouse embryo
Expression and activity of hexokinase in the early mouse embryo

... of single blastocysts, day 6.5 and 7.5 embryos. Hexokinase activity increased from 0.025 ± 0.005 nmol/embryo/h on day 4 to 1.33 ± 0.22 on day 6.5 before increasing significantly (P < 0.01) to 7.92 ± 0.87 nmol/embryo/h on day 7.5. To compare the activity between the peri-implantation stages, it was n ...
1. dia
1. dia

... 1 g ClTrt-resin + 2 mmol Fmoc-Aaa(X)-OH + 8 mmol DIEA in 3-5 mL DCM, for 1.5 h then 0.8 mL MeOH to block the unreacted groups washing with DCM, iPrOH, MeOH, ether The final cleavage results in peptides with COOH group at the C-terminus Cleavage with 90-95% TFA + scavangers results in free peptides C ...
Pax1, Pax9, Vertebral column, Chondrogenesis, Proliferation
Pax1, Pax9, Vertebral column, Chondrogenesis, Proliferation

... sequences flanking P-element insertions were recovered by plasmid rescue (Pirrotta, 1986). All DNA sequences were determined on both strands by the dideoxynucleotide method with a DNA sequencer Model 373A using dye terminators (Applied Biosystems Inc.). Using the 3.2, 0.6 and 3.8 kb genomic EcoRI fr ...
Genetic characterizations of three male-steriles in wheat, Triticum aestivum L.
Genetic characterizations of three male-steriles in wheat, Triticum aestivum L.

... male-sterility in Chancellor confirmed the results of Driscoll (10) as being associated with chromosome 4A. Five additional chromosomes may also be involved.  ...
Glutamate Dehydrogenases: Enzymology, Physiological
Glutamate Dehydrogenases: Enzymology, Physiological

... specificity are commonly found in higher eukaryotes. However, some dual-GDHs, have also been described in prokaryotes [5, 13-15]. Glutamate dehydrogenases from non-vertebrate animals differ from the GDHs of vertebrates in that they are mono-coenzyme specific and are not regulated by nucleotides [16] ...
Scriver Charles R. Garrod`s Croonian Lectures (1908)
Scriver Charles R. Garrod`s Croonian Lectures (1908)

... Meanwhile, in medicine, the apparent rarity of the inborn errors of metabolism made them irrelevant to the medical profession and efforts to show their inheritance and congenital nature were of little help to the practice of medicine in Garrod_s lifetime. Moreover, the opinion that these disorders w ...
Variability of Wax Ester Fermentation in Natural and Bleached
Variability of Wax Ester Fermentation in Natural and Bleached

... metabolism and wax ester fermentation of these different strains. In additional experiments with the elongase inhibitor flufenacet (Trenkamp, Martin, and Tietjen 2004) we also show its effect on ...
Isoelectric point prediction from the amino acid sequence of a protein
Isoelectric point prediction from the amino acid sequence of a protein

... phosphorylation which can alter the ...
jing is required for wing development and to establish the
jing is required for wing development and to establish the

... cDNA identification and construction of transgenes. To identify the transcripts encoded in the proximity of P1094 insertion site, we screened an imaginal disc cDNA library constructed in λgt10 using a fragment of genomic DNA adjacent to the P element insertion site as probe. We identified four indep ...
Major roles of isocitrate lyase and malate synthase in
Major roles of isocitrate lyase and malate synthase in

... after germination. Spores of an mls1 null mutant inoculated onto wheat seedlings and leaves were unable to induce necrotic lesions on either tissue, indicating that this gene is essential for virulence on wheat. The biological reason for this phenotype is that the mls1-deficient strain has dramatica ...
Explore Part 1: Gag Gene Amino Acid Comparison Chart
Explore Part 1: Gag Gene Amino Acid Comparison Chart

... test the relationships between species and to analyze, at a molecular level, the process behind evolution. Advances in technology have allowed scientists to examine DNA sequences, amino acid sequence in proteins, and also homologous protein folds of species. Contained in every species’ DNA and the p ...
Confrontation of scabrous expressing and non
Confrontation of scabrous expressing and non

... and mutations in most of the neurogenic genes also result in neural hypertrophy in the eye (Dietrich and Campos-Ortega, 1984). Proneural genes and the extent of neurogenic regions in the eye disc have not yet been characterized. Nevertheless, it is thought that at least part of the region known as t ...
Biosynthesis of theanine (g-ethylamino-L
Biosynthesis of theanine (g-ethylamino-L

Laboratory testing of CYP2D6 alleles in relation to tamoxifen therapy
Laboratory testing of CYP2D6 alleles in relation to tamoxifen therapy

... Disclaimer: Disease-specific statements are intended to augment the current general ACMG Standards and Guidelines for Clinical Genetic Laboratories. Individual laboratories are responsible for meeting the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) qualit ...
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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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