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Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences

2010 HSC Biology Sample Answers
2010 HSC Biology Sample Answers

... Sample answer: New biotechnologies are revolutionising the way we live. The development of genetically modified crops has bolstered the agricultural industry and the aim of this revolution is to eliminate world hunger. The generation of GM crops has eliminated the necessity for the use of pesticides ...
Control of GL2 expression in Arabidopsis leaves and trichomes
Control of GL2 expression in Arabidopsis leaves and trichomes

... putative shoot transcription domains ...
Gel Electrophoresis - Integrated DNA Technologies
Gel Electrophoresis - Integrated DNA Technologies

... smaller than about 100 bases in an agarose gel because the sieving properties of agarose are not fine enough. On the other end of the scale, molecules longer than about 25,000 bp but shorter than around 2,000,000 bp will all run at the same rate. This is called limiting mobility. Nucleic acid molecu ...
Ethylene and Sub1
Ethylene and Sub1

... Genetic analysis: Interpretation of double mutants • A ‘genetic pathway’ is based on the interactions between gene products that are inferred from the phenotype of mutant combinations • If the double mutant ab looks exactly like the single mutant b, b is said to suppress a. • If locus b suppresses ...
What is an Excellent Source of Protein? Protein Quality
What is an Excellent Source of Protein? Protein Quality

Characterization of the snowy cotyledon 1 mutant of Arabidopsis
Characterization of the snowy cotyledon 1 mutant of Arabidopsis

... predicted chloroplast-import signals were found. They were amplified by PCR and subsequently sequenced. In one of these genes (At1g62750) a point mutation with a G-to-A mutation was detected. This nucleotide exchange caused an amino acid change from glycine to arginine at position 132 (G132R). The ge ...
Amino Acid Synthesis
Amino Acid Synthesis

... a. As previously said, humans can only make 10 of the 20 amino acids. The others must be made by ingesting plants. b. There are 10 essential amino acids we cannot make. c. Looking back in evolution, why is it that bugs can make all these and we can’t? It turns out that one thing you can look at is h ...
SCit: web tools for protein side chain
SCit: web tools for protein side chain

... The dependence of the protein side chain conformation on that of the backbone has long been described, and its accurate analysis has brought significant progress in the field of side chain positioning. Usually, the dependence of the conformation of one side chain on that of the backbone is analysed ...
Population genetics and the modern synthesis of evolutionary theory
Population genetics and the modern synthesis of evolutionary theory

... − and eventually, a small number of cells in that part of the body “inherit” the mutation − when the organism dies, the mutation is eliminated, too − if the mutation causes the cell to grow and divide wildly - as in a cancer - then the abnormal growth of tissue may be harmful to the organism, even k ...
SERIES ‘‘GENETICS OF ASTHMA AND COPD IN THE POSTGENOME ERA’’
SERIES ‘‘GENETICS OF ASTHMA AND COPD IN THE POSTGENOME ERA’’

... have .20 branches before becoming the respiratory bronchiole, a structure not present in mice, which is the site of initial inflammation and genesis of centriacinar emphysema. In addition, mice do not always express proteins identical to those in humans, as seen in the previous example of MMP-1. How ...
Connective Tissue Disorders 61 Gene Panel
Connective Tissue Disorders 61 Gene Panel

... or no fractures. The clinical features of OI can include fractures, short stature with bone deformities, hyperlaxity of joints and skin, and Wormian bones. Extraskeletal symptoms such as blue sclerae, progressive adult hearing loss and dentinogenesis imperfecta may also be evident. Other important f ...
MORE ABOUT SOLUTIONS - Bio-Link
MORE ABOUT SOLUTIONS - Bio-Link

... Once gloves have come in contact with a surface that was touched by skin (for example, a pen, notebook, laboratory bench, etc.) the gloves should be changed ...
F 1 Generation
F 1 Generation

... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
Recommended Breeding Policy for the LaPerm cat - Kia-Ora
Recommended Breeding Policy for the LaPerm cat - Kia-Ora

... Koehls had acquired a number of working farm cats when they moved to the farm in order to act as natural pest control. Curly was born to one of these working farm cats: an ordinary brown tabby shorthair called Speedy. She was almost bald at birth with tabby markings visible on her skin, and she deve ...
Cancer Prone Disease Section Retinoblastoma Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
Cancer Prone Disease Section Retinoblastoma Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics

... Note: Mutations predisposing to retinoblastoma are one allele mutations; in retinoblastoma, both copies of the RB1 gene are mutated (two-step inactivation mechanism typical of tumor suppressor genes). Nature and localization of individual mutations are heterogeneous regarding their nature: 20% delet ...
The universal reagent for genome tailoring
The universal reagent for genome tailoring

... Abremski, 1984). This is a 34 bp consensus sequence, consisting of a core spacer sequence of 8 bp and two 13 bp palindromic flanking sequences (Fig. 1A). The asymmetric core sequence defines an orientation to the loxP site. One of the great advantages of the Cre/loxP recombination system is that the ...
Notch activity induces Nodal expression and mediates the
Notch activity induces Nodal expression and mediates the

... perinodal expression of Nodal may be regulated by conserved promoter elements that depend directly on Notch activity. To investigate whether these elements are functional in vivo, we utilized a transgenic approach in mice. A 355-bp fragment of the mouse Nodal promoter containing the RBPjk-binding si ...
Shedding Light on the Bioluminescence “Paradox”
Shedding Light on the Bioluminescence “Paradox”

... Meanwhile, knowledge of the V. fischeri gein generating pyruvate. Genomic analysis nome sequence, which contains 4.3 million base suggests that the serine deaminase gene in pairs, is providing new ways to unravel the imV. fischeri is coexpressed with a functional portance of bioluminescence in this ...
Nanoarchaeum equitans creates functional tRNAs from
Nanoarchaeum equitans creates functional tRNAs from

Potato Genome Sequencing Consortium: Final
Potato Genome Sequencing Consortium: Final

Document
Document

... mechanism is necessary to protect the producing organism, but can be spread by gene transfer particularly under conditions where there is positive selection ...
unit 20 inheritance and cell division
unit 20 inheritance and cell division

Cloning, Sequencing, and Characterization of Luciola italica
Cloning, Sequencing, and Characterization of Luciola italica

... being done to alter its properties to better fit these applications. The purpose of this project was to clone the Luciola italica luciferase cDNA and to express, purify and fully characterize the corresponding bioluminescence-catalyzing enzyme in hopes of obtaining novel bioluminescent materials. Fi ...
Studies on the key amino acid residues responsible for the alkali
Studies on the key amino acid residues responsible for the alkali

... of other alkaline xylanases in family G/11 [8]. Highly conserved amino acid residues located at specific positions in xylanase were expected to play an important role in the structure and function of the enzyme. So, Asn-71 of XYN was supposed to be involved in the alkali-tolerance of the xylanase fr ...
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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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