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Article (Published version)
Article (Published version)

... diarrhea as a result of enteric anendocrinosis31,32. Thus, NGN3 is important in human islet and enteroendocrine cell development. Clinical characterization of these patients showed residual insulin secretion with a stimulated C-peptide level of up to 546 pmol/L during a mixed meal test; however, the ...
Biology Genetics Heredity and Environment
Biology Genetics Heredity and Environment

... Section: Genetic and Environmental Diversity Rationale: American Indian, Alaska Native, Asian, and white are examples of racial terms used by the United States census to categorize people. However, Hispanic or Latino refers to ethnicity because people in this category can be of any race. 17. Answer: ...
High grade B-cell lymphomas (HGBL): Altered terminology in the
High grade B-cell lymphomas (HGBL): Altered terminology in the

... HR: Enriched for markers of T-cell-mediated immune response and classical complement pathway; increased expression of an overlapping set of inflammatory mediators and connective tissue components The three consensus clusters have similar 5-yr-survivals, suggesting the clusters may be more useful for ...
Epigenetic Interactions among Three dTph1 Transposons in Two
Epigenetic Interactions among Three dTph1 Transposons in Two

... (A) The structure and pedigree of an3 alleles isolated in the W138 genetic background. (B) The structure of an3 alleles isolated in various other genetic backgrounds. Black boxes represent exon sequences. Positions of transposons are indicated by triangles; the arrows indicate their direction. The f ...
Was photosynthetic RuBisCO recruited by
Was photosynthetic RuBisCO recruited by

... from RuBisCO prevents carboxylation and oxygenation reactions, but retains the ability to catalyze the enolization of RuBP [23]. K175, D203 and E204 residues are also essential amino acid residues for enolization of RuBP, and mutation of these residues leads to a lack of enolization activity [16,19] ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... During sexual reproduction, male and female reproductive cells join in a process known as fertilization to produce a new cell. Pea flowers are normally self-pollinating, which means that sperm cells fertilize egg cells from within the same flower. Mendel’s garden had several stocks of pea plants tha ...
Pollen developmental biology
Pollen developmental biology

... and microspore degeneration. In dex1, the tapetum appears normal, and a callose wall and primexine are present. Therefore it was concluded that primexine and the callose wall do not play a direct role in pattern formation, but the plasma membrane is likely to be important (Paxson-Sowders et al.1997 ...
Hormon Hipotalamus dan Hipofisis
Hormon Hipotalamus dan Hipofisis

... 1. TSH– to stimulate the secretion of thyroid hormone 2. FSH & LH– important for the function of the testes and the ovaries – FSH– growth of ovarian follicles and formation of sperm – LH (in women)– induce ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum; stimulate the ovarian production of estrogen ...
Glucose metabolism in Trypanosoma cruzi
Glucose metabolism in Trypanosoma cruzi

... cycle in the parasite has been assumed from experiments looking at the oxida‑ tion of 14C‑labelled glucose and acetate, by normal and dyskinetoplastic (i.e. lacking the mitochondrial genome) epimastigotes [24]. More recently, experi‑ ments with the procyclic stage of T. brucei suggest that this para ...
15_chapter 5
15_chapter 5

... Production scheduling which may be of any form – flow shop, job shop or open shop scheduling. SMR generates feasible schedules over all evolutionary generations and no fixing scheme is required to ensure the validity of solutions. It is an allelic representation as it offers the facility to provide ...
PPTX - Bonham Chemistry
PPTX - Bonham Chemistry

... • Attenuation is the ability of yeast to metabolize wort sugars • Apparent attenuation is measured by the drop in specific gravity as yeast converts sugar into ethanol and CO2, without correction for alcohol. Real attenuation corrects for alcohol. For normal strength brews, apparent attenuation is a ...
Proof-of-principle rapid noninvasive prenatal diagnosis
Proof-of-principle rapid noninvasive prenatal diagnosis

... one requires time-consuming and sophisticated parental haplotype construction in advance of test interpretation (2–4). The classic haplotype construction methodology is simpler to implement because it involves the collection of DNA samples from several family members for linkage analysis. Neverthele ...
as Adobe PDF - Edinburgh Research Explorer
as Adobe PDF - Edinburgh Research Explorer

... and Frasch 1993; Zaffran et al. 2001). Although the upstream regulators of both factors are well characterized, their downstream effectors are largely unknown. How do Bagpipe and Biniou regulate VM specification? Are these TFs only required for this process? The broad temporal and spatial expression ...
A1018 High oleic GM soybean AppR SD1 Safety Assess AMENDED
A1018 High oleic GM soybean AppR SD1 Safety Assess AMENDED

Genetics fill in review
Genetics fill in review

... 39. In certain bacteria, the gene that codes for the production of the enzyme that digests lactose is switched on in the presence of lactose. In this case, molecules of lactose act as ____________________. 40. Nucleotide segments of a DNA molecule that make up genes and are actually expressed in the ...
Calculating the Number of Genes
Calculating the Number of Genes

... – all offspring get their alleles from either a wildtype, or inverted chromosome, ...
Current Trends of Emergence and Spread of Vancomycin
Current Trends of Emergence and Spread of Vancomycin

Balancing between respiration and fermentation - UvA-DARE
Balancing between respiration and fermentation - UvA-DARE

... environment.. They have developed specific regulatory systems to sense the presence, type and concentrationn of a carbon source in order to carry out the metabolic functions most appropriate too the situation (figure 1). This provides the yeast cell with energy and reducing equivalents in thee form ...
Resveratrol Opportunism: What Is the Science Behind the Claims?
Resveratrol Opportunism: What Is the Science Behind the Claims?

... The first issue of concern about available resveratrol supplements is the fact that the majority of these supplements actually contain a very low dose of resveratrol. The potency of most of the nutritional supplements labeled as resveratrol is in the range of 30 mg to 100 mg. This is 30 to 100 times ...
Mending Mendelism
Mending Mendelism

... between those of the seed and pollen parents. (§8) Mendel noted other exceptions in stem length (the hybrids were actually longer, §4), seed coat color (hybrids were more frequently spotted, §4) and peduncle length (§8) in Pisum, and seed size, flower color and seed coat color in Phaseolus (§10). Me ...
Genetic analysis of seed and flower colour in flax (Linum
Genetic analysis of seed and flower colour in flax (Linum

... ii ...
C57BL/6 - Envigo
C57BL/6 - Envigo

Lactose tolerance
Lactose tolerance

... tolerant populations who, due to damage caused by diseases of the stomach or intestines, can no longer properly produce lactase. 3. Congenital lactose intolerance. This is a condition where children are born unable to metabolise lactose. Before the 20th century it would normally have resulted in de ...
PelleyStep1ReviewInBiochemistry
PelleyStep1ReviewInBiochemistry

... Option B (debranching enzyme) is correct. Debranching enzyme deficiency leads to Cori disease, which is characterized by hepatomegaly and hypoglycemia. Debranching enzyme is required for the proper metabolism of glycogen near its branch points. Without it, glycogenolysis ceases when all terminal ch ...
emboj7601705-sup
emboj7601705-sup

... expression back to control levels and below. These curves suggest that notochord and somites are formed in regions of intermediate Gsc. We observed very similar expression profiles for notochord and somites - rather than more separate peaks, with notochord being formed at lower Gsc MO doses than som ...
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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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