Copyrighted Material
... the selectivity of certain toxicants in injuring only certain cell types; and important differences in basic metabolic requirements of different subpopulations of neurons have been inferred from the effects of toxicants. It is estimated that millions of people worldwide are exposed to known neurotox ...
... the selectivity of certain toxicants in injuring only certain cell types; and important differences in basic metabolic requirements of different subpopulations of neurons have been inferred from the effects of toxicants. It is estimated that millions of people worldwide are exposed to known neurotox ...
1 - Libreria Universo
... the prostate within the pelvic fascia that fuses with the prostatic capsule [10]. The cavernous nerves then exit the pelvis as two groups of fibers [10]. The first group travels to the urethral sphincter to modify urinary function. The second group travels to the penis. This group branches further a ...
... the prostate within the pelvic fascia that fuses with the prostatic capsule [10]. The cavernous nerves then exit the pelvis as two groups of fibers [10]. The first group travels to the urethral sphincter to modify urinary function. The second group travels to the penis. This group branches further a ...
Effects of insulin under normal and low glucose on retinal
... minutes and exceeded the duration of the insulin apdecrease of the ERG b-wave obsen'ed here only under plication. low glucose likely is to be caused by the suppressant Perfusate flow was affected neither by insulin apaction of insulin on the glucose use by Muller cells. plication nor by its removal ...
... minutes and exceeded the duration of the insulin apdecrease of the ERG b-wave obsen'ed here only under plication. low glucose likely is to be caused by the suppressant Perfusate flow was affected neither by insulin apaction of insulin on the glucose use by Muller cells. plication nor by its removal ...
The Science Behind the emWave® and Inner Balance™ Technologies
... uneven, jagged peaks (an example is shown in the figure below). Scientists call this an incoherent heart rhythm pattern. Physiologically, this pattern indicates that the signals produced by the two branches of the ANS are out of sync with each other. This can be likened to driving a car with one fo ...
... uneven, jagged peaks (an example is shown in the figure below). Scientists call this an incoherent heart rhythm pattern. Physiologically, this pattern indicates that the signals produced by the two branches of the ANS are out of sync with each other. This can be likened to driving a car with one fo ...
Plasma osmolality ≈ 290 mosmoles. kg H 2 O
... changes in plasma osmolality • A decrease in osmolality of 1-2% will maximally and rapidly suppress ADH levels to allow diuresis • The osmostat set point in adults is a plasma osmolality of 275-295 mOsm/kg ...
... changes in plasma osmolality • A decrease in osmolality of 1-2% will maximally and rapidly suppress ADH levels to allow diuresis • The osmostat set point in adults is a plasma osmolality of 275-295 mOsm/kg ...
BIOINFORMATICS ORIGINAL PAPER
... five detached. The normal retinas are denoted as N1, N2, N3 and N4. Three 1 month detached retinas, a 2 month detached retina and a 4 month detached retina are denoted as D1, D1A, D1B, D2 and D4, respectively. All retinas were stained with anti-GFAP and anti-collagen IV. Astrocytes express glial fib ...
... five detached. The normal retinas are denoted as N1, N2, N3 and N4. Three 1 month detached retinas, a 2 month detached retina and a 4 month detached retina are denoted as D1, D1A, D1B, D2 and D4, respectively. All retinas were stained with anti-GFAP and anti-collagen IV. Astrocytes express glial fib ...
SIADH, DI and Cerebral Salt Wasting
... changes in plasma osmolality • A decrease in osmolality of 1-2% will maximally and rapidly suppress ADH levels to allow diuresis • The osmostat set point in adults is a plasma osmolality of 275-295 mOsm/kg ...
... changes in plasma osmolality • A decrease in osmolality of 1-2% will maximally and rapidly suppress ADH levels to allow diuresis • The osmostat set point in adults is a plasma osmolality of 275-295 mOsm/kg ...
8129402
... indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy. Unless we meant to delete copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed, you will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted ...
... indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy. Unless we meant to delete copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed, you will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted ...
Psychology Chapter A - Oxford University Press
... which serves to insulate the axon and make the message stronger and faster. In the train example, this is like parts of the railway track being in a better condition than others. The train travels faster and more smoothly on the well-maintained parts of the track around towns, but travels more slowl ...
... which serves to insulate the axon and make the message stronger and faster. In the train example, this is like parts of the railway track being in a better condition than others. The train travels faster and more smoothly on the well-maintained parts of the track around towns, but travels more slowl ...
10-The Adrenal gland- Aldosterone 01-02-2016
... hyperplasia (CAH) are any of several autosomal recessive diseases resulting from mutations of genes for enzymes mediating the biochemical steps of production of cortisol from cholesterol by the adrenal glands (steroidogenesis). ...
... hyperplasia (CAH) are any of several autosomal recessive diseases resulting from mutations of genes for enzymes mediating the biochemical steps of production of cortisol from cholesterol by the adrenal glands (steroidogenesis). ...
An ancestral axial twist explains the contralateral forebrain and the
... As we will see below (section 4) all extant and fossil vertebrates possess an optic chiasm. The model is therefore based on the hypothesis that an ancestor of all vertebrates has turned on its left side, by a 90° turn about the body axis (i.e. anti-clockwise from the perspective of the embryo). As t ...
... As we will see below (section 4) all extant and fossil vertebrates possess an optic chiasm. The model is therefore based on the hypothesis that an ancestor of all vertebrates has turned on its left side, by a 90° turn about the body axis (i.e. anti-clockwise from the perspective of the embryo). As t ...
The kinaesthetic senses
... adjacent to each joint allows them to provide joint-specific information (Collins et al. 2005). Furthermore, it has recently been pointed out that whenever a muscle spans more than one joint this can compromise its spindles’ ability to detect movements (Sturnieks et al. 2007). While joint receptors ...
... adjacent to each joint allows them to provide joint-specific information (Collins et al. 2005). Furthermore, it has recently been pointed out that whenever a muscle spans more than one joint this can compromise its spindles’ ability to detect movements (Sturnieks et al. 2007). While joint receptors ...
Lack of response suppression follows repeated ventral tegmental
... Abstract—Cannabinoid compounds have been reported to excite ventral tegmental neurons through activation of cannabinoid CB1 receptors. More recently, biochemical and whole-cell voltage-clamp studies carried out on CB1-transfected AtT20 cells have shown a rapid desensitization of these receptors foll ...
... Abstract—Cannabinoid compounds have been reported to excite ventral tegmental neurons through activation of cannabinoid CB1 receptors. More recently, biochemical and whole-cell voltage-clamp studies carried out on CB1-transfected AtT20 cells have shown a rapid desensitization of these receptors foll ...
The Rat Ventromedial Thalamic Nucleus and Motor Control: Role of
... substantia nigra. In addition, the superior colliculus, the mesencephalic reticular formation, and the reticular thalamic nucleus contribute to the afferent input to the VM (Beckstead et al., 1979; Carter and Fibiger, 1978; Haroian et al., 198 1; Herkenham, 1979; Jones, 1975). In contrast to the pri ...
... substantia nigra. In addition, the superior colliculus, the mesencephalic reticular formation, and the reticular thalamic nucleus contribute to the afferent input to the VM (Beckstead et al., 1979; Carter and Fibiger, 1978; Haroian et al., 198 1; Herkenham, 1979; Jones, 1975). In contrast to the pri ...
Reticular formation,sleep and wakefulness
... Determined by the level of excitation of different parts of the brain resulting from sleep, wakefulness or brain diseases (epilepsy and psychosis). ...
... Determined by the level of excitation of different parts of the brain resulting from sleep, wakefulness or brain diseases (epilepsy and psychosis). ...
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in Inflammatory and Degenerative Brain
... anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). COX exists as constitutive and inducible isoforms. COX-2 is the inducible isoform, rapidly expressed in several cell types in response to growth factors, cytokines, and pro-inflammatory molecules. Since its discovery in the early 1990s, COX-2 has emerged as a major ...
... anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). COX exists as constitutive and inducible isoforms. COX-2 is the inducible isoform, rapidly expressed in several cell types in response to growth factors, cytokines, and pro-inflammatory molecules. Since its discovery in the early 1990s, COX-2 has emerged as a major ...
Golgi: a life in science - Oxford Academic
... poorly understood. The available methods for preserving and staining nervous tissue yielded an incomplete picture. The painstaking work of Otto Friedrich Karl Deiters [(1834–63); 1865] had demonstrated the continuity between the nerve cell and its dendrites and axon, but his work involved tedious di ...
... poorly understood. The available methods for preserving and staining nervous tissue yielded an incomplete picture. The painstaking work of Otto Friedrich Karl Deiters [(1834–63); 1865] had demonstrated the continuity between the nerve cell and its dendrites and axon, but his work involved tedious di ...
Atonia-Related Regions in the Rodent Pons and Medulla
... stimulation sites in the brain stem of the rat. Muscle atonia could be elicited by electrical stimulation of the nuclei reticularis pontis oralis and caudalis in the pons as well as the nuclei gigantocellularis, gigantocellularis alpha, gigantocellularis ventralis, and paragigantocellularis dorsalis ...
... stimulation sites in the brain stem of the rat. Muscle atonia could be elicited by electrical stimulation of the nuclei reticularis pontis oralis and caudalis in the pons as well as the nuclei gigantocellularis, gigantocellularis alpha, gigantocellularis ventralis, and paragigantocellularis dorsalis ...
Treatment-Related Change Versus Tumor Recurrence in High
... maging plays a key role in assessment of response to various treatment regimens for high-grade gliomas. For years, a set of guidelines by Macdonald et al. [1], commonly referred to as the “Macdonald criteria,” were used to assess treatment response by tumors. Those authors proposed four response cat ...
... maging plays a key role in assessment of response to various treatment regimens for high-grade gliomas. For years, a set of guidelines by Macdonald et al. [1], commonly referred to as the “Macdonald criteria,” were used to assess treatment response by tumors. Those authors proposed four response cat ...
lecture outline - St. Louis Community College
... Capillaries are 1/30th the diameter of a human hair … but all capillaries in the human body, laid end to end = 96,000 km. It takes one minute for a blood cell to travel through the entire body. Human heart rate = 100,800 beats/day. Fetal heart starts beating during fourth week of pregnancy. ...
... Capillaries are 1/30th the diameter of a human hair … but all capillaries in the human body, laid end to end = 96,000 km. It takes one minute for a blood cell to travel through the entire body. Human heart rate = 100,800 beats/day. Fetal heart starts beating during fourth week of pregnancy. ...
Axonal integrity predicts cortical reorganisation following cervical injury
... their maximum voluntary contraction level. Visual feedback about the amount of force and the duration of handgrip was provided on the screen in the form of a thermometer (1.7 s). In total, 48 handgrips were performed, using an MRI compatible grip manipulandum.20 Prior to scanning, participants pract ...
... their maximum voluntary contraction level. Visual feedback about the amount of force and the duration of handgrip was provided on the screen in the form of a thermometer (1.7 s). In total, 48 handgrips were performed, using an MRI compatible grip manipulandum.20 Prior to scanning, participants pract ...
Cation-Chloride Cotransporters and Neuronal Function
... Ion trafficking across biological membranes is mediated by channels and transporters, and these two types of molecules form the basis of electrical signaling in the nervous system. However, the volume of research on voltage- and ligand-gated channels is orders of magnitude higher than what has been ...
... Ion trafficking across biological membranes is mediated by channels and transporters, and these two types of molecules form the basis of electrical signaling in the nervous system. However, the volume of research on voltage- and ligand-gated channels is orders of magnitude higher than what has been ...
cerebral cortex - Global Anatomy Home Page
... Function of the Corpus Callosum The corpus callosum is sometimes cut in patients with epilepsy to prevent seizures from spreading to both sides of the brain. In everyday situations, deficits resulting from these sections are very subtle, but cleverly devised experiments have produced some remarkable ...
... Function of the Corpus Callosum The corpus callosum is sometimes cut in patients with epilepsy to prevent seizures from spreading to both sides of the brain. In everyday situations, deficits resulting from these sections are very subtle, but cleverly devised experiments have produced some remarkable ...
An ontology-based search engine for digital
... and the few available machine-readable resources [18, 30–32] are only sparsely populated relative to the diversity of content in NeuroMorpho.Org. Our best attempt to organize, integrate, and map the existing annotation on suitable knowledge yielded ten cell type hierarchies spanning the morphology, ...
... and the few available machine-readable resources [18, 30–32] are only sparsely populated relative to the diversity of content in NeuroMorpho.Org. Our best attempt to organize, integrate, and map the existing annotation on suitable knowledge yielded ten cell type hierarchies spanning the morphology, ...
Neuroscience, Fifth Edition
... Molecular Signaling within Neurons 141 Overview 141 Strategies of Molecular Signaling 141 The Activation of Signaling Pathways 143 Receptor Types 144 G-Proteins and Their Molecular Targets 145 Second Messengers 147 BOX 7A DYNAMIC IMAGING OF INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING 149 ...
... Molecular Signaling within Neurons 141 Overview 141 Strategies of Molecular Signaling 141 The Activation of Signaling Pathways 143 Receptor Types 144 G-Proteins and Their Molecular Targets 145 Second Messengers 147 BOX 7A DYNAMIC IMAGING OF INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING 149 ...
Haemodynamic response
In haemodynamics, the body must respond to physical activities, external temperature, and other factors by homeostatically adjusting its blood flow to deliver nutrients such as oxygen and glucose to stressed tissues and allow them to function. Haemodynamic response (HR) allows the rapid delivery of blood to active neuronal tissues. Since higher processes in the brain occur almost constantly, cerebral blood flow is essential for the maintenance of neurons, astrocytes, and other cells of the brain.