Temporal and spatial alterations in GPi neuronal encoding might
... mean firing rate of the neuron over the recording period (Baker & Gerstein, 2001). The mean firing rate of the neuron across n trials (n > 15), and aligned on the corresponding stimulus, was then calculated, to give a smoothed version of the standard peri-event time histogram (PETH) (Baker & Gerstein, ...
... mean firing rate of the neuron over the recording period (Baker & Gerstein, 2001). The mean firing rate of the neuron across n trials (n > 15), and aligned on the corresponding stimulus, was then calculated, to give a smoothed version of the standard peri-event time histogram (PETH) (Baker & Gerstein, ...
Supplementary Information (doc 2155K)
... in the nonlinear spatial normalization. Visual inspection indicated that, when combined with nonlinear spatial normalization, this approach provided enhanced anatomical sensitivity and selectivity compared to the probabilistic ‘centromedial’ amygdala ROI distributed with the FSL software package30. ...
... in the nonlinear spatial normalization. Visual inspection indicated that, when combined with nonlinear spatial normalization, this approach provided enhanced anatomical sensitivity and selectivity compared to the probabilistic ‘centromedial’ amygdala ROI distributed with the FSL software package30. ...
Preparation for action: one of the key functions of motor cortex.
... desired information, retrieve related information from memory, manipulate and integrate all types of information, select the appropriate (motor) response, and then output the information necessary for initiating the response to particular brain areas. It is also needed to suppress unnecessary output ...
... desired information, retrieve related information from memory, manipulate and integrate all types of information, select the appropriate (motor) response, and then output the information necessary for initiating the response to particular brain areas. It is also needed to suppress unnecessary output ...
article in press - Neurobiology of Vocal Communication
... to delimit the neural vocalization network as a whole; it cannot identify, however, the modal points of the system, that is, the sites at which processing of vocalization takes place. A more specific approach than electrical stimulation is pharmacological stimulation with glutamate agonists or GABA ...
... to delimit the neural vocalization network as a whole; it cannot identify, however, the modal points of the system, that is, the sites at which processing of vocalization takes place. A more specific approach than electrical stimulation is pharmacological stimulation with glutamate agonists or GABA ...
322 Neuroscience I - Jordan University of Science and Technology
... Understand the biochemical bases of Huntington disease Understand the biochemical bases of Alzheimer disease Understand the role of biochemical mechanisms in brain damage due to stroke Describe the formation of neural tube and neural crest. Describe the development of brain and spinal cord. Describe ...
... Understand the biochemical bases of Huntington disease Understand the biochemical bases of Alzheimer disease Understand the role of biochemical mechanisms in brain damage due to stroke Describe the formation of neural tube and neural crest. Describe the development of brain and spinal cord. Describe ...
Chapter 5 - Wake Forest University
... • a histological method that uses radioactive antibodies or antibodies bound with a dye molecule to indicate the presence of particular proteins of peptides • Immunocytochemical methods take advantage of the immune reaction. • The body’s immune system has the ability to produce antibodies in respons ...
... • a histological method that uses radioactive antibodies or antibodies bound with a dye molecule to indicate the presence of particular proteins of peptides • Immunocytochemical methods take advantage of the immune reaction. • The body’s immune system has the ability to produce antibodies in respons ...
spinal cord
... the limbic system and other parts of the brain including the sensory areas • The limbic system is a ring of structures around the brainstem that includes the amygdala, hippocampus, and parts of the thalamus • The amygdala is located in the temporal lobe and helps store an emotional experience as an ...
... the limbic system and other parts of the brain including the sensory areas • The limbic system is a ring of structures around the brainstem that includes the amygdala, hippocampus, and parts of the thalamus • The amygdala is located in the temporal lobe and helps store an emotional experience as an ...
Combining electroencephalographic activity and
... Previous studies investigated the coupled brain–heart dynamics during healthy and pathological emotional responses (see reviews in [46,47]), highlighting connections in the vagally mediated regulation of physiological, affective and cognitive processes. As a general approach, previous studies have t ...
... Previous studies investigated the coupled brain–heart dynamics during healthy and pathological emotional responses (see reviews in [46,47]), highlighting connections in the vagally mediated regulation of physiological, affective and cognitive processes. As a general approach, previous studies have t ...
HCI1 - Brian Whitworth
... Recursion in the brain • The human brain can process its own processing our evolution may involve just this feature • People can think about their own thinking, analyze their own analysis - how can an analysis process analyze itself? • Each person, or self, has a concept of themselves - how can a s ...
... Recursion in the brain • The human brain can process its own processing our evolution may involve just this feature • People can think about their own thinking, analyze their own analysis - how can an analysis process analyze itself? • Each person, or self, has a concept of themselves - how can a s ...
Espasticidad,!!nuevos!conceptos!fisiológicos!y!patofisiológicos
... know) the) neurotransmitters) involved) in) this) system,) as) an) im0 paired) neurochemistry) may) lead) to) functional) disorders) at) any) level.) Histochemical) techniques) have) been) used) since) the) 40’s) to)60’s)to)identify)the)substances)involved)in)the)transmission)of) the)neuronal)signal ...
... know) the) neurotransmitters) involved) in) this) system,) as) an) im0 paired) neurochemistry) may) lead) to) functional) disorders) at) any) level.) Histochemical) techniques) have) been) used) since) the) 40’s) to)60’s)to)identify)the)substances)involved)in)the)transmission)of) the)neuronal)signal ...
Sleep imaging and the neuro- psychological assessment of dreams
... neuronal activity, named PGO waves because they are most easily recorded in the pons (P), the lateral geniculate bodies (G) and the occipital cortex (O). Recent PET data lend support to the hypothesis that in humans also, rapid eye movements are generated by mechanisms similar to PGO waves during RE ...
... neuronal activity, named PGO waves because they are most easily recorded in the pons (P), the lateral geniculate bodies (G) and the occipital cortex (O). Recent PET data lend support to the hypothesis that in humans also, rapid eye movements are generated by mechanisms similar to PGO waves during RE ...
Soltis Autism: a Spectrum of Research Abby Soltis Final Draft Senior
... low levels of GAD67. While glutamate has been shown to initiate seizures, in this study there was no correlation between glutamate levels could be found, perhaps due to the small sample size (Purcell et al., 2001). Glutamate receptors are located in the cerebellum and hippocampus. Both regions, whic ...
... low levels of GAD67. While glutamate has been shown to initiate seizures, in this study there was no correlation between glutamate levels could be found, perhaps due to the small sample size (Purcell et al., 2001). Glutamate receptors are located in the cerebellum and hippocampus. Both regions, whic ...
Carotid Sinus
... • When all else fails or BP won’t allow vasodilators…TIME. Spasm will generally resolve within 5-10 minutes • (unresolving spasm: important to rule out dissection or thrombus) ...
... • When all else fails or BP won’t allow vasodilators…TIME. Spasm will generally resolve within 5-10 minutes • (unresolving spasm: important to rule out dissection or thrombus) ...
Chapter 2: Communication Within the Nervous System
... appreciate the importance of biological psychology in its own right. This book is for them, too, but I wrote it so any student who is interested in behavior, including the newly declared sophomore major or the curious student who has wandered over from the history department, could have the deeper u ...
... appreciate the importance of biological psychology in its own right. This book is for them, too, but I wrote it so any student who is interested in behavior, including the newly declared sophomore major or the curious student who has wandered over from the history department, could have the deeper u ...
Multiple System Atrophy
... medication have been shown to be effective for CRPS, particularly when used early in the course of the disease. No drug is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration specifically for CRPS. No single drug or combination of drugs is guaranteed to be effective in every person. Drugs to treat CRP ...
... medication have been shown to be effective for CRPS, particularly when used early in the course of the disease. No drug is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration specifically for CRPS. No single drug or combination of drugs is guaranteed to be effective in every person. Drugs to treat CRP ...
The Nervous System
... i. Causes death of brain tissue from the incompatibility of neural tissue and free blood ii. Anoxia beyond the point of rupture b. Cessation of blood flow through cerebral blood vessels due to a clot or thrombus i. Causes the death of brain tissue from anoxia c. Either type is referred to as: A stro ...
... i. Causes death of brain tissue from the incompatibility of neural tissue and free blood ii. Anoxia beyond the point of rupture b. Cessation of blood flow through cerebral blood vessels due to a clot or thrombus i. Causes the death of brain tissue from anoxia c. Either type is referred to as: A stro ...
Magnetic muscle stimulation produces fatigue without effort
... generates a current inside the body, and this depolarizes axons in the same way as an electrical stimulus (1). The advantage is that with magnetic stimulation the current does not have to pass through the relatively high resistance of the skin so that nociceptors in the skin are not activated. The f ...
... generates a current inside the body, and this depolarizes axons in the same way as an electrical stimulus (1). The advantage is that with magnetic stimulation the current does not have to pass through the relatively high resistance of the skin so that nociceptors in the skin are not activated. The f ...
The rhinal cortices: a wall of inhibition between the
... and hippocampus. Rather, they support a gating mechanism whose properties remain to be identified. In spite of the demonstration of well-defined reciprocal connections between temporal neocortex and rhinal cortices, extracellular recordings and optical imaging studies have revealed that PRC–ERC and ...
... and hippocampus. Rather, they support a gating mechanism whose properties remain to be identified. In spite of the demonstration of well-defined reciprocal connections between temporal neocortex and rhinal cortices, extracellular recordings and optical imaging studies have revealed that PRC–ERC and ...
- Reppert Lab
... et al., 2003; Reppert et al., 2004). Electrophysiological recordings have revealed that neurons in the central brain respond to skylight cues with changes in firing frequency and that the central complex, a midline-spanning group of neuropils in the center of the brain, is the most likely candidate ...
... et al., 2003; Reppert et al., 2004). Electrophysiological recordings have revealed that neurons in the central brain respond to skylight cues with changes in firing frequency and that the central complex, a midline-spanning group of neuropils in the center of the brain, is the most likely candidate ...
Controlling the Elements: An Optogenetic Approach to
... Figure 2. Strategies for opsin expression. (A) Opsins can be expressed using a transgenic approach in specific subpopulations of neurons with tissuespecific promoters such as the interneuron cell specific promoter parvalbumin (PV; circular cells are interneurons and triangles are pyramidal cells). I ...
... Figure 2. Strategies for opsin expression. (A) Opsins can be expressed using a transgenic approach in specific subpopulations of neurons with tissuespecific promoters such as the interneuron cell specific promoter parvalbumin (PV; circular cells are interneurons and triangles are pyramidal cells). I ...
Horvitz, J.C. Stimulus-response and response
... Corticostriatal synapses can express both long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) [28,33,157]. It has been suggested that the direction of change in synaptic strength may depend upon several factors, including activity of NMDA receptors, dopamine concentrations, activation of D1 ...
... Corticostriatal synapses can express both long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) [28,33,157]. It has been suggested that the direction of change in synaptic strength may depend upon several factors, including activity of NMDA receptors, dopamine concentrations, activation of D1 ...
Review of "Evolution of the Brain: Creation of the Self" by John Eccles
... it's the story of how we became - to use Eccles' phrase - human persons: incorporeal creatures able to control, and have experience through, human bodies. The first story is in many ways told from the point of view of a detective recounting a solved case. Understanding the brain is made possible by ...
... it's the story of how we became - to use Eccles' phrase - human persons: incorporeal creatures able to control, and have experience through, human bodies. The first story is in many ways told from the point of view of a detective recounting a solved case. Understanding the brain is made possible by ...
Anorexia nervosa during adolescence and young adulthood
... patients and 677 controls. Three subtypes of AN (any subtype, no binge eating behavior, restricting AN) were defined to perform separate association analyses. Helder and Collier (2011) used genetic linkage studies to implicate chromosome 1 (1p33-36; 1q41) in AN. In 2002, in a study of restrictive A ...
... patients and 677 controls. Three subtypes of AN (any subtype, no binge eating behavior, restricting AN) were defined to perform separate association analyses. Helder and Collier (2011) used genetic linkage studies to implicate chromosome 1 (1p33-36; 1q41) in AN. In 2002, in a study of restrictive A ...
Haemodynamic response
In haemodynamics, the body must respond to physical activities, external temperature, and other factors by homeostatically adjusting its blood flow to deliver nutrients such as oxygen and glucose to stressed tissues and allow them to function. Haemodynamic response (HR) allows the rapid delivery of blood to active neuronal tissues. Since higher processes in the brain occur almost constantly, cerebral blood flow is essential for the maintenance of neurons, astrocytes, and other cells of the brain.