Chapter Two
... A. Today, we know of more than 100 neurotransmitters, and there are many yet to be discovered. B. There are probably more than 1,000 kinds of neurotransmitter receptors. 1. There are subtypes of receptor sites for brain chemicals. 2. The search for and identification of these receptor sites has beco ...
... A. Today, we know of more than 100 neurotransmitters, and there are many yet to be discovered. B. There are probably more than 1,000 kinds of neurotransmitter receptors. 1. There are subtypes of receptor sites for brain chemicals. 2. The search for and identification of these receptor sites has beco ...
Chapter Outline
... a. Motor (efferent) neurons have many dendrites and a single axon; they conduct impulses from the CNS to muscles or glands. b. Sensory (afferent) neurons are unipolar; they conduct impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS. i. The process that extends from the cell body divides into two processes, ...
... a. Motor (efferent) neurons have many dendrites and a single axon; they conduct impulses from the CNS to muscles or glands. b. Sensory (afferent) neurons are unipolar; they conduct impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS. i. The process that extends from the cell body divides into two processes, ...
Tutorial 10: Temporal and Spatial Summation Figure 10: Temporal
... the dendritic tree have shed light on mechanisms underlying spatial summation. One recent study has described the attenuation of action potentials during the coincident stimulation of EPSPs at two separate points of the dendritic tree (Kogo & Ariel, 1999). Two distinct responses are distinguished ba ...
... the dendritic tree have shed light on mechanisms underlying spatial summation. One recent study has described the attenuation of action potentials during the coincident stimulation of EPSPs at two separate points of the dendritic tree (Kogo & Ariel, 1999). Two distinct responses are distinguished ba ...
Wider Than the Sky: The Phenomenal Gift of Consciousness
... be confusion and disorientation. And, of course, there may be diseases of consciousness, such as schizophrenia, in which hallucinations, delusions, and disorientation can occur. In the normal conscious state, individuals experience qualia. The term “quale” refers to the particular experience of some ...
... be confusion and disorientation. And, of course, there may be diseases of consciousness, such as schizophrenia, in which hallucinations, delusions, and disorientation can occur. In the normal conscious state, individuals experience qualia. The term “quale” refers to the particular experience of some ...
Glossary of medical and scientific terms
... the disease is normally of the order of several years. Amyloid A chemical structure which can accumulate in body tissue, including brain tissue, as a result of a variety of different diseases. In CJD the amyloid is normally made-up of the prion protein. Amyloidosis The build up of amyloid to a degre ...
... the disease is normally of the order of several years. Amyloid A chemical structure which can accumulate in body tissue, including brain tissue, as a result of a variety of different diseases. In CJD the amyloid is normally made-up of the prion protein. Amyloidosis The build up of amyloid to a degre ...
face-specific responses from the human inferior occipito
... source orientation. If the source is close to radial, the signal cannot be recorded by MEG. In addition, face-specific neurons may be located rather deeply,3 resulting in signals too weak to be picked up. Jeffreys21 identified an evoked potential to faces in eight of nine subjects, but because the r ...
... source orientation. If the source is close to radial, the signal cannot be recorded by MEG. In addition, face-specific neurons may be located rather deeply,3 resulting in signals too weak to be picked up. Jeffreys21 identified an evoked potential to faces in eight of nine subjects, but because the r ...
Music and the Brain: Areas and Networks
... brain. Researchers have proposed various functional networks or pathways beyond the level of the primary auditory cortex. These functional networks subserve language and generalized auditory processing as well as music. Language researchers describe a dual-stream pathway in speech and language proce ...
... brain. Researchers have proposed various functional networks or pathways beyond the level of the primary auditory cortex. These functional networks subserve language and generalized auditory processing as well as music. Language researchers describe a dual-stream pathway in speech and language proce ...
the autonomic nervous system
... 1. Increased heart rate and force of contraction increase blood pressure and the movement of blood. 2. As skeletal or cardiac muscle contracts, oxygen and nutrients are used and waste products are produced. During exercise, a decrease in oxygen and nutrients and an accumulation of waste products are ...
... 1. Increased heart rate and force of contraction increase blood pressure and the movement of blood. 2. As skeletal or cardiac muscle contracts, oxygen and nutrients are used and waste products are produced. During exercise, a decrease in oxygen and nutrients and an accumulation of waste products are ...
2301 - Ch. 4.2
... occurs after the damaged tissue has been stabilized and the inflammation has subsided. Fibroblasts move into the area, laying down a collagenous framework known as scar tissue. Over time, scar tissue is usually “remodeled” and gradually assumes a more normal appearance. ...
... occurs after the damaged tissue has been stabilized and the inflammation has subsided. Fibroblasts move into the area, laying down a collagenous framework known as scar tissue. Over time, scar tissue is usually “remodeled” and gradually assumes a more normal appearance. ...
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
... Simple Pathway May not involve brain Results in Reflex - Fast, Predictable - Automatic motor response Five Components: - Receptor * End of dendrite of sensory neuron (or more complex) * Responds to specific stimuli - Sensory Neuron (Receptor to CNS) ...
... Simple Pathway May not involve brain Results in Reflex - Fast, Predictable - Automatic motor response Five Components: - Receptor * End of dendrite of sensory neuron (or more complex) * Responds to specific stimuli - Sensory Neuron (Receptor to CNS) ...
Drugs Acting on the Central and Peripheral Nervous
... LWBK374_c19_p297-309.qxd 26/08/2009 12:56 PM Page 298 Aptara ...
... LWBK374_c19_p297-309.qxd 26/08/2009 12:56 PM Page 298 Aptara ...
Nervous System Project
... These fibres are covered by fatty substance called myelin (say my-elin). Myelin helps the messages go fast through the neurons. ...
... These fibres are covered by fatty substance called myelin (say my-elin). Myelin helps the messages go fast through the neurons. ...
Chapter 35 The Nervous System
... a. rods- sensitive to light, but don’t distinguish different colors b. cones- less sensitive to light, but do respond to light of different colors. ...
... a. rods- sensitive to light, but don’t distinguish different colors b. cones- less sensitive to light, but do respond to light of different colors. ...
Midterm Exam Review
... The brain is divided into four major areas: diencephalon, brain stem, cerebrum and cerebellum. Describe what occurs in each section and draw a diagram indicating the location of each. ...
... The brain is divided into four major areas: diencephalon, brain stem, cerebrum and cerebellum. Describe what occurs in each section and draw a diagram indicating the location of each. ...
I. The Nervous System
... a. rods- sensitive to light, but don’t distinguish different colors b. cones- less sensitive to light, but do respond to light of different colors. ...
... a. rods- sensitive to light, but don’t distinguish different colors b. cones- less sensitive to light, but do respond to light of different colors. ...
Minireview: Role of Glia in Neuroendocrine Function
... Integration of hormonal signaling by glial cells occurs in at least two fundamental ways: 1) the hormone acts directly on the glia, which in turn signals to the neuron to modulate its function (5, 6). Signaling to the neuron may involve secretion of a growth factor, neurohormone, or transmitter-like ...
... Integration of hormonal signaling by glial cells occurs in at least two fundamental ways: 1) the hormone acts directly on the glia, which in turn signals to the neuron to modulate its function (5, 6). Signaling to the neuron may involve secretion of a growth factor, neurohormone, or transmitter-like ...
د. غسان The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS): The ANS coordinates
... The “fight-or-flight” reaction elicited by the sympathetic system is essentially a whole body response. Changes in organ and tissue function throughout the body are coordinated so that there is an increase in the delivery of well-oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood to the working skeletal muscles. Both ...
... The “fight-or-flight” reaction elicited by the sympathetic system is essentially a whole body response. Changes in organ and tissue function throughout the body are coordinated so that there is an increase in the delivery of well-oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood to the working skeletal muscles. Both ...
nervous system
... surgeries reveal brain functions – The case of Phineas Gage – Stimulation of the cerebral cortex during surgery ...
... surgeries reveal brain functions – The case of Phineas Gage – Stimulation of the cerebral cortex during surgery ...
Philosophy and Metaphysics - ideas about mythology and Greek
... epiphenomena, ghosts, empty vapors. It is the public world that is empty, that is vapor that is shadow. Most of the atom is empty space. Most of matter is only an electromagnetic dance. Our deep heart is the true living substance. Not a substance that explains the mind. The mind is a public organ an ...
... epiphenomena, ghosts, empty vapors. It is the public world that is empty, that is vapor that is shadow. Most of the atom is empty space. Most of matter is only an electromagnetic dance. Our deep heart is the true living substance. Not a substance that explains the mind. The mind is a public organ an ...
Alzheimer’s disease is associated with reduced expression of energy metabolism genes
... solely attributable to a reduction in the activity of perisynaptic glial cells known to influence CMRgI (23). They also suggest that the CMRgI reductions could be at least partly related to molecular processes in neuronal cell bodies (i.e., changes in nuclear gene expression), even though alteration ...
... solely attributable to a reduction in the activity of perisynaptic glial cells known to influence CMRgI (23). They also suggest that the CMRgI reductions could be at least partly related to molecular processes in neuronal cell bodies (i.e., changes in nuclear gene expression), even though alteration ...
Characterisation and separation of brainwave signals
... wave, namely delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma. These identifiers are characterized based on the frequency range which is normally from 1 to 80 Hz, with amplitudes of 10 to 100 microvolts [2, 3]. Through analysis of these brainwaves obtained from EEG, gives important insight to the diagnosis of a ...
... wave, namely delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma. These identifiers are characterized based on the frequency range which is normally from 1 to 80 Hz, with amplitudes of 10 to 100 microvolts [2, 3]. Through analysis of these brainwaves obtained from EEG, gives important insight to the diagnosis of a ...
Information Processing in the Central Nervous System
... One of the most important pumps is the sodium–potassium pump, which uses a transporter molecule that forces three sodium ions out of the cell and brings two potassium ions into the cell. The net result of the action of the sodium–potassium pump and other transporters, along with the selective permea ...
... One of the most important pumps is the sodium–potassium pump, which uses a transporter molecule that forces three sodium ions out of the cell and brings two potassium ions into the cell. The net result of the action of the sodium–potassium pump and other transporters, along with the selective permea ...
Cardiovascular Reflex Stimulation of ADH Release by Decreased
... Thus, in addition to increased osmolarity, two other stimuli increase ADH secretion: (1) decreased arterial pressure and (2) decreased blood volume. Whenever blood pressure and blood volume are reduced, such as occurs during hemorrhage, increased ADH secretion causes increased fluid reabsorption by ...
... Thus, in addition to increased osmolarity, two other stimuli increase ADH secretion: (1) decreased arterial pressure and (2) decreased blood volume. Whenever blood pressure and blood volume are reduced, such as occurs during hemorrhage, increased ADH secretion causes increased fluid reabsorption by ...
Haemodynamic response
In haemodynamics, the body must respond to physical activities, external temperature, and other factors by homeostatically adjusting its blood flow to deliver nutrients such as oxygen and glucose to stressed tissues and allow them to function. Haemodynamic response (HR) allows the rapid delivery of blood to active neuronal tissues. Since higher processes in the brain occur almost constantly, cerebral blood flow is essential for the maintenance of neurons, astrocytes, and other cells of the brain.