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variation - Skinners` School Physics
variation - Skinners` School Physics

... caused by the organisms having different alleles of genes. Some differences enable the organism to survive better (compete more successfully) The ones with beneficial alleles survive, breed and pass on their alleles to the next generation Those without beneficial alleles die before they reproduce, s ...
Chapter 21 Community Ecology
Chapter 21 Community Ecology

... Common Use of Scarce Resources Leads to Competition - Competition: ecological interaction between two or more species that use the same scarce resource such as food, light and water o Most competition does not involve fighting  Some competing species never encounter one another: they interact only ...
Species Interactions: Competition
Species Interactions: Competition

Biological Communities and Species Interaction
Biological Communities and Species Interaction

... Survival of the fittest—producing the most offspring No direction Natural selection—interplay of organisms and environmental conditions Natural Selection Some have adaptations that allow them to survive Next generation will have greater frequency of those adaptations “In tune” with the environment a ...
Population Dynamics and Regulation
Population Dynamics and Regulation

... environment does not change, which is not the case. The carrying capacity varies annually: for example, some summers are hot and dry whereas others are cold and wet. In many areas, the carrying capacity during the winter is much lower than it is during the summer. Also, natural events such as earthq ...
Evolution notes lecture Interactions between populations Fall 2013
Evolution notes lecture Interactions between populations Fall 2013

... same resource limits both species. • This implies that two species cannot occupy the same ecological niche. • Study reveals that for similar species there are often subtle differences that allow them to coexist. • E.g., work of G. F. Gauss on two species of Paramecium in the laboratory. Fig. 20.3 ...
Population Dynamics
Population Dynamics

... between individuals in the population.  Competition: Creosote bushes in the Mojave desert are uniformly distributed because competition for water among the root systems of different plants prohibits the establishment of individuals that are too close to others.  Territoriality: The desert lizard U ...
01 - cloudfront.net
01 - cloudfront.net

... Test Prep Pretest In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each question. ...
Chapter 33: Population Growth and Regulation
Chapter 33: Population Growth and Regulation

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Maximum sustainable yield in fisheries

... - density dependent population growth If catch rate is less than fish population growth rate, the fishery is sustainable Density-dependence is merely that population growth rate depends on the density of that population Why is this concept so accepted? - Easy concept: remove potential competitors of ...
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POPULATION BIOTIC POTENTIAL: REPRODUCTIVE RATE

... HISTORY OF POPULATION: A) HOMINID SPECIES: MAN-LIKE APE, 3-4 MILLION YEARS AGO. B) HOMOSAPIENS: 100,000 YEARS AGO. SMALL FAMILIES AND TRIBES, SURVIVED BY HUNTING AND GATHERING, NOMADIC, MIGRATING. SINCE IT WAS DIFFICULT TO MIGRATE WITH CHILDREN, THEY HAD LOW BIRTH RATES. C) 10-12000 YEARS AGO, MAN L ...
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Competition

... strength of competition is greatest when individuals share all of the same limited resources. This occurs most often among individuals of the same species within a population. ...
week-2-notes-niche-and-communities
week-2-notes-niche-and-communities

... for environmental conditions, then, helps determine its habitat—the general place where an organism lives. ...
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Ecology and Population Biology

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Population notes.

... Populations = groups of individuals of the same species living in the same place • Individuals within a population: ▫ occupy the same general area ▫ rely on the same resources ▫ influenced by the same environmental conditions ...
Resource Partitioning in Shorebirds: The ghost of competition past
Resource Partitioning in Shorebirds: The ghost of competition past

... Elkhorn Slough, and secondly, to the shorebirds that inhabit Elkhorn Slough at this time of year. People visit Elkhorn Slough from all over the world to enjoy the phenomenal diversity and abundance of birds that occur here. Thirdly, is to use this system to reinforce some ecological concepts raised ...
Niche and Communities
Niche and Communities

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week-2-notes-niche-and-communities

Elhorn Slough Shorebird Handout
Elhorn Slough Shorebird Handout

... Elkhorn Slough, and secondly, to the shorebirds that inhabit Elkhorn Slough at this time of year. People visit Elkhorn Slough from all over the world to enjoy the phenomenal diversity and abundance of birds that occur here. Thirdly, is to use this system to reinforce some ecological concepts raised ...
Ecological Relationships Notes
Ecological Relationships Notes

... Exclusion Principle? ...
File
File

Ch 21 Community Ecology
Ch 21 Community Ecology

... Discuss some ways that natural selection has favored adaptations that aide prey in avoiding capture by predators. Provide some examples. ...
Factors Affecting Population Numbers Carrying capacity
Factors Affecting Population Numbers Carrying capacity

... Carrying capacity: the largest population of a species that an environment can support. • 4 factors that determine the carrying capacity: 1. materials and energy (energy, water, carbon, and other essential nutrients 2. food chains: the population size is limited by the size of the populations at lo ...
04-RelationshipsCN
04-RelationshipsCN

... Exclusion Principle? ...
21.3 Interactions among living things pg 722
21.3 Interactions among living things pg 722

... • An interaction in which one organism kills another for food. • Predator – does the killing • Prey – gets killed • Effect of predation on population size: if there are many predators, a decrease in prey population will occur. When that happens, the predators will die from lack of food. ...
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Storage effect

The storage effect is a coexistence mechanism proposed in the ecological theory of species coexistence, which tries to explain how such a wide variety of similar species are able to coexist within the same ecological community or guild. The storage effect was originally proposed in the 1980s to explain coexistence in diverse communities of coral reef fish, however it has since been generalized to cover a variety of ecological communities. The theory proposes one way for multiple species to coexist: in a changing environment, no species can be the best under all conditions. Instead, each species must have a unique response to varying environmental conditions, and a way of buffering against the effects of bad years. The storage effect gets its name because each population ""stores"" the gains in good years or microhabitats (patches) to help it survive population losses in bad years or patches. One strength of this theory is that, unlike most coexistence mechanisms, the storage effect can be measured and quantified, with units of per-capita growth rate (offspring per adult per generation).The storage effect can be caused by both temporal and spatial variation. The temporal storage effect (often referred to as simply ""the storage effect"") occurs when species benefit from changes in year-to-year environmental patterns, while the spatial storage effect occurs when species benefit from variation in microhabitats across a landscape.
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