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Biotic and Abiotic Influences
Biotic and Abiotic Influences

... o abiotic factors determine where a species can live and biotic factors determine how successful it will be o biotic factors involve interaction among individuals and different species groups ...
Population size
Population size

... Generalist niche Low ability to compete Early successional species ...
AP Biology
AP Biology

The Realized Niche
The Realized Niche

... is the sum total of all the ways it utilizes the resources of its environment. A niche may be described in terms of space utilization, food consumption, temperature range, appropriate conditions for mating, requirements for moisture, and other factors. Niche is not synonymous with habitat, the place ...
Chemistry of Life Review
Chemistry of Life Review

... additional bobcats into the grassland, how would plant biomass change if the bottom-up model applied? If the top-down model applied? 7. How do high and low levels of disturbance promote species diversity? What does an intermediate level of disturbance promote species diversity? 8. During succession, ...
Populations - Cloudfront.net
Populations - Cloudfront.net

... 1. Competition – when populations become crowded, they start to compete for: food, water, space & sunlight - can be among the same species or different species 2. Predation – often controls populations in nature ** predator/prey relationships** 3. Parasitism & Disease – take nourishment from the hos ...
Evolution and Ecology Lecture Outline
Evolution and Ecology Lecture Outline

... Evolution and Ecology 1. Define ecology - ...
Commonness and rarity
Commonness and rarity

... - describes abundance of all species in a local community, while spatial issue is important it may not be directly incorporated in SAD (e.g. logserires, lognormal, power law distribution) - seeks for ecological process that drive the observed pattern, and to understand community structure in general ...
The Biosphere
The Biosphere

... Resource Partitioning • Some organisms use the same resource as others: fruit, nuts, fish, light, water, minerals, etc. • However, they may share if they use them at different times or in different ways. • Resource partitioning is a subdividing of some category of similar resources that lets compet ...
Populations - Fall River Public Schools
Populations - Fall River Public Schools

... can only happen when individuals are placed in an ideal environment with unlimited resources and space and without hazards such as disease and predators does not naturally occur usually only occurs when a species is reintroduced to a habitat with no other competing species • only lasts for a short p ...
TEST Review Powerpoint
TEST Review Powerpoint

... which do not require as much water as the ammonia that most mammals release ...
Unit 6: Adaptations and Limiting Factors
Unit 6: Adaptations and Limiting Factors

... No, an individual organism cannot choose to change in response to its environment. However, populations can change over time. For example, if we were to have several years in a row with colder than normal winters, rabbits with thicker fur would survive the cold better than rabbits with thinner fur. ...
Exploitative Interactions - Cal State LA
Exploitative Interactions - Cal State LA

... in a particular environment (even climax species) can be present in pioneer community. Less emphasis on earlier species modifying environment for later species; final species composition of climax community simply reflects the environment’s selection of all species that can tolerate environmental co ...
Concept of r-selected and K-selected Organisms Organisms
Concept of r-selected and K-selected Organisms Organisms

... the minimum quantity needed for growth is not available, then growth does not occur. In contrast, if two resources are substitutable, then population growth is limited by an appropriately weighted sum of the two resources in the environment. For example, glucose and fructose are substitutable food s ...
ppt - eweb.furman.edu
ppt - eweb.furman.edu

... VIII. Evolutionary Responses to Species Interactions ...
APC Members - AP Central
APC Members - AP Central

... acceptable). 2. Explanation must describe the growth using an understanding of [1 point each, 2 points maximum]: Lack of limiting factors Low competition Abundant food Low predation Ideal environmental conditions (habitat, temperature, moisture, etc.) Access to mates (b) Describe the effect that the ...
Ch 18 Introduction to Ecology
Ch 18 Introduction to Ecology

... (resulting adult is sterile), and hybrid breakdown (first generation is viable but future generations are not). ...
Community Structure and Biodiversity
Community Structure and Biodiversity

...  Pioneer species are opportunistic colonizers of new or newly vacated habitats  Primary succession begins when pioneer species such as lichens and mosses colonize a barren habitat with no soil  Pioneers help build and improve soil for later successional species ...
Chapter 7: Community Ecology
Chapter 7: Community Ecology

... long-lived plant species that is in balance with its environment. Three factors have been identified that affect how and at what rate succession occurs: 1. facilitation (an area is made suitable for a second species by the actions of the first) 2. inhibition (early species delay establishment of la ...
Chapter 8 Outline
Chapter 8 Outline

... 1. With intense competition for limited resources, one species must migrate, shift its feeding habits/behavior, or face extinction. 2. As humans take more and more space, other species are compromised. B. In competitive situations, some species evolve adaptations that reduce/avoid competition for re ...
ap biology notes on ecology
ap biology notes on ecology

...  Although populations have a tremendous capacity for growth, unlimited population growth does not occur indefinitely. Limited resources or other environmental factors will slow growth down.  The growth of the population can be calculated by using: dN/dt = B-D (where N=population size; t = time; B= ...
Ch 9 ppt
Ch 9 ppt

... populations of a community (predation) but some are within a population 1)Interspecific Interactions -predation helps prevent population overshoot -predator/prey populations often oscillate known as Lotka-Volterra model -mutualism and commensalism ...
Ecology
Ecology

... biosphere would be no thicker than the apple's skin. ...
Evolution Quiz #1
Evolution Quiz #1

... 10. Large reef fish have a mutualistic relationship with cleaner fish. This means that as a result of the relationship ___________________. A. one fish is hurt B. one fish benefits C. both fish benefit D. neither fish benefits 11. A scientist is studying the symbiotic relationship between two animal ...
Factors affecting Rocky Intertidal Zonation Patterns
Factors affecting Rocky Intertidal Zonation Patterns

... • The gravitational forces of the moon and sun pull on the earths surface water • Since the moon is much closer to us, it has a much greater effect, and in effect it pulls an ellipse of water around the earth as it moves in its own rotational path, creating a “bulge” of water pointing towards wherev ...
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Storage effect

The storage effect is a coexistence mechanism proposed in the ecological theory of species coexistence, which tries to explain how such a wide variety of similar species are able to coexist within the same ecological community or guild. The storage effect was originally proposed in the 1980s to explain coexistence in diverse communities of coral reef fish, however it has since been generalized to cover a variety of ecological communities. The theory proposes one way for multiple species to coexist: in a changing environment, no species can be the best under all conditions. Instead, each species must have a unique response to varying environmental conditions, and a way of buffering against the effects of bad years. The storage effect gets its name because each population ""stores"" the gains in good years or microhabitats (patches) to help it survive population losses in bad years or patches. One strength of this theory is that, unlike most coexistence mechanisms, the storage effect can be measured and quantified, with units of per-capita growth rate (offspring per adult per generation).The storage effect can be caused by both temporal and spatial variation. The temporal storage effect (often referred to as simply ""the storage effect"") occurs when species benefit from changes in year-to-year environmental patterns, while the spatial storage effect occurs when species benefit from variation in microhabitats across a landscape.
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