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Welcome to the Second Annual Infectious
Welcome to the Second Annual Infectious

... • How will the cross-disease comparability of data created by the IDO template framework help infectious disease research? • Development and maintenance issues ...
Duration of post-vaccination immunity against yellow - Arca
Duration of post-vaccination immunity against yellow - Arca

... There is no specific treatment for yellow fever. Disease prevention relies on current commercially available vaccines, which are highly immunogenic and safe. Immunisation is recommended to unvaccinated residents and travellers to and from at-risk areas, aged ≥9 months [3,4]. Despite the lack of effica ...
Anthrax - Storysmith
Anthrax - Storysmith

... Emergency physicians are “first responders” in this disease. This is contrary to usual EMS thinking But the “ first response “ for patients with initial complaints of malaise, fever, headache probably won’t occur in the field. ...


... only a small proportion of the bacthus far known. Many bacteria are very important in preparing food for plants,breaking down ...
Lancet. 1997
Lancet. 1997

... months, 4 months, and 6 months. They were randomly assigned a two-component acellular diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine (n = 20,697), a three-component acellular DTP vaccine (n = 20,728), a five-component acellular DTP vaccine (n = 20,747), or a UK whole-cell DTP vaccine (n = 20,720). We co ...
HepB Declination
HepB Declination

... vaccine is given intramuscularly in three doses, with the second and third doses given one and six months after the first dose. Recombinant hepatitis B vaccine is contraindicated in the presence of hypersensitivity to yeast or any component of the vaccine. The most common side effect has been limite ...
quick reference guide - Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust
quick reference guide - Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust

... tick, contamination with tick body contents, or direct contact with the blood, tissues or body fluids of infected humans or animals. The incubation period varies according to the mode of acquisition of the virus; tick bite: usually 1-3 days, and up to 9 days; infection via contact with infected bloo ...
Work-up of Fever of Unknown Origin in Adult Patients
Work-up of Fever of Unknown Origin in Adult Patients

... Therapeutic trial. Use of therapeutic interventions to make a diagnosis in FUO is discouraged. Many illnesses respond to corticosteroids only to have the disease progress with steroid-induced immune suppression. If the patient is clinically stable and no diagnosis is made after extensive work-up, it ...
gastroenteritis
gastroenteritis

... Use of antibiotics contraindicated (phagemediated production of Shiga toxin enhanced by ampicillin, norfloxacin, and other antibiotics) ...
Newer Vaccines
Newer Vaccines

... use in Viet Nam, whereas Shanchol will be produced for Indian and international markets. ...
UNC Management of H1N1
UNC Management of H1N1

... High Risk for Complications Asthma, diabetes and other metabolic disorders ...
Infectious Diarrhea - What`s New in Medicine
Infectious Diarrhea - What`s New in Medicine

... returned from a 1 month trip to India and Thailand. – What is this syndrome? • Dysentery ...
Meningitis and Camp Attendees
Meningitis and Camp Attendees

... tissue (the “meninges”) that surrounds the brain and spinal cord and cause meningitis, or they may infect the blood or other organs of the body. In the US, about 1,000-1,200 people get meningococcal disease each year and 10-15% die despite receiving antibiotic treatment. Of those who survive, about ...
Tonsillitis - Kids Health WA
Tonsillitis - Kids Health WA

... Airway: If there is airway compromise (eg: stridor) intravenous Dexamethasone (dose: 0.15mg/kg) can be used ...
Epidemiologic Investigations into Outbreaks of Rift Valley Fever in
Epidemiologic Investigations into Outbreaks of Rift Valley Fever in

... of competent mosquito vectors, Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) can cause widespread epidemics in livestock in the absence of high vaccination coverage. These large outbreaks are associated with high rates of abortion and death among domestic and wild ruminant animals. Not only do these outbreaks have ...
How to Investigate a Disease Outbreak
How to Investigate a Disease Outbreak

... site visit for the investigation. Bringing 2 or 3 consultants along helps keep the focus on the outbreak. After an initial introduction to the client, the consultants may even be able to lead the investigation to prevent it from disrupting practice schedules to the detriment of other client’s needs. ...
The Use of Pertussis Vaccine in Adults Background
The Use of Pertussis Vaccine in Adults Background

... In many countries reported cases of pertussis are increasing among infants and adolescents. Adults who are not immune to pertussis may transmit the disease to children. Children too young to be vaccinated against pertussis are particularly vulnerable and may be infected by their own parents or grand ...
ACIP Updates February 2017
ACIP Updates February 2017

... the 3 dose series without lab testing after the first dose followed by lab testing after the 6th dose  If Anti-HBs is > 10 is protected, no further vaccination or testing  If Anti-HBs is < 10 is a non-responder, no further vaccination or testing ...
Cat Health: Vaccinations
Cat Health: Vaccinations

... How Do Vaccines Work? The immune system protects the body from things it perceives as foreign and harmful such as bacteria and viruses—antigens. Vaccines stimulate immunity by introducing killed or modified infectious agents into an animal’s bloodstream. Some vaccines provide life-long protection, w ...
Anthrax Vaccine Program - Corporate-ir
Anthrax Vaccine Program - Corporate-ir

... UBS Global Life Sciences Conference September 24, 2003 ...
Common Pediatric Infections - Continuing Medical Education
Common Pediatric Infections - Continuing Medical Education

... D. None of the above—they should all be started on antibiotics ...
Clinical Syndromes – General - Assets
Clinical Syndromes – General - Assets

... Because the appropriateness of any therapy is based on a correct diagnosis, the main focus of the proper approach to the FUO patient is diagnostic rather than therapeutic. The diagnostic workup of the FUO patient should take into account the frequency of distribution of disorders, noninfectious as w ...
HS435 Immunisation Guideline: Tetanus
HS435 Immunisation Guideline: Tetanus

... surviving well in air, soil, water and dust, and may also be carried by fomites. Infection is transmitted to humans via aerosols from contaminated body fluids of infected animals (which typically have no apparent evidence of disease). It is not found in laboratory rodents. It is not transmitted betw ...
ACIP updates recommendations on HPV, HepB, MenB vaccines
ACIP updates recommendations on HPV, HepB, MenB vaccines

... In April, the FDA approved a label change giving MenB-FHbp a flexible three-dose schedule of zero, one to two months and six months and a two-dose schedule of zero and six months. ACIP members on Wednesday recommended when using MenB-FHbp to vaccinate people at increased risk of MenB, the three-dose ...
How Well Do Vaccines Work?
How Well Do Vaccines Work?

... A., Rivetti, D. (2007). Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD001269. ...
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Typhoid fever



Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a symptomatic bacterial infection due to Salmonella typhi. Symptoms may vary from mild to severe and usually begin six to thirty days after exposure. Often there is a gradual onset of a high fever over several days. Weakness, abdominal pain, constipation, and headaches also commonly occur. Diarrhea and vomiting are uncommon. Some people develop a skin rash with rose colored spots. In severe cases there may be confusion. Without treatment symptoms may last weeks or months. Other people may carry the bacterium without being affected; however, they are still able to spread the disease to others. Typhoid fever is a type of enteric fever along with paratyphoid fever.The cause is the bacterium Salmonella typhi, also known as Salmonella enterica serotype typhi, growing in the intestines and blood. Typhoid is spread by eating or drinking food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person. Risk factors include poor sanitation and poor hygiene. Those who travel to the developing world are also at risk. Humans are the only animal infected. Diagnosis is by either culturing the bacteria or detecting the bacterium's DNA in the blood, stool, or bone marrow. Culturing the bacterium can be difficult. Bone marrow testing is the most accurate. Symptoms are similar to that of many other infectious diseases. Typhus is a different disease.A typhoid vaccine can prevent about 50% to 70% of cases. The vaccine may be effective for up to seven years. It is recommended for those at high risk or people traveling to areas where the disease is common. Other efforts to prevent the disease include providing clean drinking water, better sanitation, and better handwashing. Until it has been confirmed that an individual's infection is cleared, the individual should not prepare food for others. Treatment of disease is with antibiotics such as azithromycin, fluoroquinolones or third generation cephalosporins. Resistance to these antibiotics has been developing, which has made treatment of the disease more difficult.In 2010 there were 27 million cases reported. The disease is most common in India, and children are most commonly affected. Rates of disease decreased in the developed world in the 1940s as a result of improved sanitation and use of antibiotics to treat the disease. About 400 cases are reported and the disease is estimated to occur in about 6,000 people per year in the United States. In 2013 it resulted in about 161,000 deaths – down from 181,000 in 1990 (about 0.3% of the global total). The risk of death may be as high as 25% without treatment, while with treatment it is between 1 and 4%. The name typhoid means ""resembling typhus"" due to the similarity in symptoms.
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