Electrons as waves
... dual wave- particle nature. • De Broglie pointed out that in many ways the behavior of the Bohr’s quantized electron orbits was similar to the known behavior of waves. • Electrons should be thought of as having a dual wave-particle nature also. ...
... dual wave- particle nature. • De Broglie pointed out that in many ways the behavior of the Bohr’s quantized electron orbits was similar to the known behavior of waves. • Electrons should be thought of as having a dual wave-particle nature also. ...
XYZ quantum Heisenberg models with p
... r ) = Vx sin kxx + Vy sin ky y which has amplitudes and wave vector given, respectively, by Vα, α ∈ {x, y}, and kα = 2π/λα, with λα being the wave length of the lasers. ...
... r ) = Vx sin kxx + Vy sin ky y which has amplitudes and wave vector given, respectively, by Vα, α ∈ {x, y}, and kα = 2π/λα, with λα being the wave length of the lasers. ...
Unit 2: Learning outcomes
... A pi () bond is a covalent bond formed by the sideways overlap of two parallel atomic orbitals lying perpendicular to the axis of the bond. In a non-polar covalent bond, the bonding molecular orbital is symmetrical about the midpoint between two atoms. Polar covalent bonds result from bonding molec ...
... A pi () bond is a covalent bond formed by the sideways overlap of two parallel atomic orbitals lying perpendicular to the axis of the bond. In a non-polar covalent bond, the bonding molecular orbital is symmetrical about the midpoint between two atoms. Polar covalent bonds result from bonding molec ...
Modeling Molecular Structures with HyperChem
... compare different conformations of the same molecule, for instance. However, molecular mechanics have two weaknesses. First, force fields are based on the properties of known, similar molecules. If one interested in the properties of a new type of molecule an appropriate force field probably will no ...
... compare different conformations of the same molecule, for instance. However, molecular mechanics have two weaknesses. First, force fields are based on the properties of known, similar molecules. If one interested in the properties of a new type of molecule an appropriate force field probably will no ...
Polarity of covalent bonds
... form of representation has bond-forming electron pairs represented as solid lines. While the idea of shared electron pairs provides an effective qualitative picture of covalent bonding, quantum mechanics is needed to understand the nature of these bonds and predict the structures and properties of ...
... form of representation has bond-forming electron pairs represented as solid lines. While the idea of shared electron pairs provides an effective qualitative picture of covalent bonding, quantum mechanics is needed to understand the nature of these bonds and predict the structures and properties of ...
Quantum Model of the Atom Power point
... The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle •The idea of electrons having a dual wave-particle nature troubled scientists. If electrons are both particles and waves, then where are they in the ...
... The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle •The idea of electrons having a dual wave-particle nature troubled scientists. If electrons are both particles and waves, then where are they in the ...
Quantum Number
... • De Broglie's hypothesis was soon confirmed in experiments that showed electron beams could be diffracted or bent as they passed through a slit much like light could. • The waves produced by an electron confined in its orbit about the nucleus sets up a standing wave of specific wavelength, energy a ...
... • De Broglie's hypothesis was soon confirmed in experiments that showed electron beams could be diffracted or bent as they passed through a slit much like light could. • The waves produced by an electron confined in its orbit about the nucleus sets up a standing wave of specific wavelength, energy a ...
Electron Configuration
... F sublevels The f sublevel is composed of 7 f orbitals. Each orbital is each in the amount of energy. A total of 14 electrons can be found in an f sublevel. ...
... F sublevels The f sublevel is composed of 7 f orbitals. Each orbital is each in the amount of energy. A total of 14 electrons can be found in an f sublevel. ...
View
... and the calculations show that all combinations have low energy. The predicted ground state has S ¼ 0 and L ¼ 10. Thus the two atomic open shells add their local angular momenta, while the coupling between them is antiferromagnetic. In the neutral molecule on the other hand, a ferromagnetic coupling ...
... and the calculations show that all combinations have low energy. The predicted ground state has S ¼ 0 and L ¼ 10. Thus the two atomic open shells add their local angular momenta, while the coupling between them is antiferromagnetic. In the neutral molecule on the other hand, a ferromagnetic coupling ...
Honors Midterm Review – 2015-16
... _________ responsible for the uncertainty principle which states that it is impossible to know (with any great degree of certainty) both the location and velocity of an electron) _________ responsible for the planetary model of the atom, where electrons traveled in distinct paths around the nucleus ...
... _________ responsible for the uncertainty principle which states that it is impossible to know (with any great degree of certainty) both the location and velocity of an electron) _________ responsible for the planetary model of the atom, where electrons traveled in distinct paths around the nucleus ...
Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
... The uncertainty ("x) is given as ±1% (0.01) of 6x106 m/s. Once we calculate this, plug it into the uncertainty equation. ...
... The uncertainty ("x) is given as ±1% (0.01) of 6x106 m/s. Once we calculate this, plug it into the uncertainty equation. ...
Bonding Challenge
... in the ground state. Indicate the number of unpaired electrons in the ground-state atom, and explain your reasoning. b) In terms of atomic structure, explain why the first ionization energy of selenium is (i) less than that of bromine (atomic number 35), and (ii) greater than that of tellurium (atom ...
... in the ground state. Indicate the number of unpaired electrons in the ground-state atom, and explain your reasoning. b) In terms of atomic structure, explain why the first ionization energy of selenium is (i) less than that of bromine (atomic number 35), and (ii) greater than that of tellurium (atom ...
quantum number
... and particle properties, that you can’t know the position of the particle version and the energy of the wave version with any precision at the same time. ...
... and particle properties, that you can’t know the position of the particle version and the energy of the wave version with any precision at the same time. ...
Chapter 8 – Covalent Bonding
... A large bond dissociation energy corresponds to a strong covalent bond ...
... A large bond dissociation energy corresponds to a strong covalent bond ...
The Nature of Molecules
... ***Inner energy shells (those closest to the nucleus) contain electrons with lower energy than the outer energy shells ***important concept as it will be discussed in the Light Dependent reaction of Photosynthesis ...
... ***Inner energy shells (those closest to the nucleus) contain electrons with lower energy than the outer energy shells ***important concept as it will be discussed in the Light Dependent reaction of Photosynthesis ...
Electromagnetic Radiation
... have 3 and 2 unpaired electrons in their electron diagrams respectively, what can be going on in the video? •Ground state diagrams do work very well for the Transition metals but not many others because of bonding, which forms pairs of electrons. (molecular orbitals vs. atomic orbitals).Eg. water, n ...
... have 3 and 2 unpaired electrons in their electron diagrams respectively, what can be going on in the video? •Ground state diagrams do work very well for the Transition metals but not many others because of bonding, which forms pairs of electrons. (molecular orbitals vs. atomic orbitals).Eg. water, n ...
Section 4-2 The Quantum Model of the Atom Problems with the Bohr
... IV. “It is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and velocity of an electron or other subatomic particle” C. The Schrödinger Wave Equation I. This equation defined all of the locations in an atom where electrons could and could not exist. II. Combined with the uncertainty principl ...
... IV. “It is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and velocity of an electron or other subatomic particle” C. The Schrödinger Wave Equation I. This equation defined all of the locations in an atom where electrons could and could not exist. II. Combined with the uncertainty principl ...
Valence Bond Theory
... friend of Gilbert Lewis. He dedicated a famous textbook, The Nature of the Chemical Bond, to Lewis. Pauling is one of only four two-time winners of a Nobel Prize—his in two different fields, Chemistry (1954) and Peace (1962). The orange is part of a personal experiment in which he believed that ...
... friend of Gilbert Lewis. He dedicated a famous textbook, The Nature of the Chemical Bond, to Lewis. Pauling is one of only four two-time winners of a Nobel Prize—his in two different fields, Chemistry (1954) and Peace (1962). The orange is part of a personal experiment in which he believed that ...
Molecular orbital
In chemistry, a molecular orbital (or MO) is a mathematical function describing the wave-like behavior of an electron in a molecule. This function can be used to calculate chemical and physical properties such as the probability of finding an electron in any specific region. The term orbital was introduced by Robert S. Mulliken in 1932 as an abbreviation for one-electron orbital wave function. At an elementary level, it is used to describe the region of space in which the function has a significant amplitude. Molecular orbitals are usually constructed by combining atomic orbitals or hybrid orbitals from each atom of the molecule, or other molecular orbitals from groups of atoms. They can be quantitatively calculated using the Hartree–Fock or self-consistent field (SCF) methods.