Orientation Preference Patterns in Mammalian Visual Cortex: A Wire
... ent at every point (Girman et al., 1999). This is despite the fact that each individual neuron is well tuned for orientation. The situation in rat V1 raises a question about the relation between the tuning of neuronal response and the tuning of the connection function. Although they are related, the ...
... ent at every point (Girman et al., 1999). This is despite the fact that each individual neuron is well tuned for orientation. The situation in rat V1 raises a question about the relation between the tuning of neuronal response and the tuning of the connection function. Although they are related, the ...
Patterned, But Not Tonic, Optogenetic Stimulation in Motor
... High-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) in motor thalamus (Mthal) ameliorates tremor but not akinesia in Parkinson’s disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are effective methods of Mthal stimulation to treat akinesia. Glutamatergic Mthal neurons, transduced with channelr ...
... High-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) in motor thalamus (Mthal) ameliorates tremor but not akinesia in Parkinson’s disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are effective methods of Mthal stimulation to treat akinesia. Glutamatergic Mthal neurons, transduced with channelr ...
Dimensions of integration in embedded and extended cognitive
... of the vehicles of cognitive processes are sometimes not located in the brain, but in the cultural and artifactual environment. It is thus a metaphysical claim about the location of human cognition, implying rather significant epistemological and methodological consequences for the philosophical and ...
... of the vehicles of cognitive processes are sometimes not located in the brain, but in the cultural and artifactual environment. It is thus a metaphysical claim about the location of human cognition, implying rather significant epistemological and methodological consequences for the philosophical and ...
donepezil dose-dependently inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity in
... Abstract—In the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderately severe dementia associated with Alzheimer’s disease, donepezil (E2020) has been introduced for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the human brain. However, there is no morphological evidence as to how this chemical agent aff ...
... Abstract—In the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderately severe dementia associated with Alzheimer’s disease, donepezil (E2020) has been introduced for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the human brain. However, there is no morphological evidence as to how this chemical agent aff ...
Behavioral consequences of abnormal cortical development
... Cortical neuronal differentiation includes cell maturation and dendrite formation, synaptogenesis and the development of short and long connections which are the wiring for sensory integration and behavioral outputs. Simultaneously, cortical glial cells and the vascular network are maturing towards ...
... Cortical neuronal differentiation includes cell maturation and dendrite formation, synaptogenesis and the development of short and long connections which are the wiring for sensory integration and behavioral outputs. Simultaneously, cortical glial cells and the vascular network are maturing towards ...
ANS: c, p. 46, F, LO=2.1, (1) - test bank and solution manual for your
... Correct. This is the state where the electrical charge is reversed. d) permeable reaction ANS: c, p. 49, C, LO=2.1, (1) % correct 75 a= 14 b= 10 c= 75 d= 1 r = .31 APA: LO 1.2 31. The term “fire” when referring to neural transmission indicates that a neuron: a) has become less positive in charge. b) ...
... Correct. This is the state where the electrical charge is reversed. d) permeable reaction ANS: c, p. 49, C, LO=2.1, (1) % correct 75 a= 14 b= 10 c= 75 d= 1 r = .31 APA: LO 1.2 31. The term “fire” when referring to neural transmission indicates that a neuron: a) has become less positive in charge. b) ...
Isolated Retrograde Amnesia
... The syndrome of isolated retrograde amnesia refers to a neuropathological state of impaired memory for information acquired prior to the onset of brain damage (retrograde memory) contrasted with normal or near-normal learning of new information after the onset of the disease (anterograde memory). Wh ...
... The syndrome of isolated retrograde amnesia refers to a neuropathological state of impaired memory for information acquired prior to the onset of brain damage (retrograde memory) contrasted with normal or near-normal learning of new information after the onset of the disease (anterograde memory). Wh ...
Trait inferences in goal-directed behavior: ERP timing and
... enhanced N100 (Correll et al., 2006), P200 (Carretié et al., 2001; Eimer and Holmes, 2002; Eimer et al., 2003; Correll et al., 2006; Kubota and Ito, 2007) or P300 (Keil et al., 2002). The N100 is also sensitive to outgroup vs ingroup racial differences, while the P200 is additionally sensitive to g ...
... enhanced N100 (Correll et al., 2006), P200 (Carretié et al., 2001; Eimer and Holmes, 2002; Eimer et al., 2003; Correll et al., 2006; Kubota and Ito, 2007) or P300 (Keil et al., 2002). The N100 is also sensitive to outgroup vs ingroup racial differences, while the P200 is additionally sensitive to g ...
Chapter 02: Biopsychology, Neuroscience, and Human Nature
... c. nervous system d. endorphins e. dendrite Difficulty: 1 Page Reference: 49-50 Topic: How Does the Body Communicate Internally? Skill: Factual Objective: 2.2 Answer: c. nervous system 24. The nervous system is defined as a. a complex network of cells that carries information to and from all parts o ...
... c. nervous system d. endorphins e. dendrite Difficulty: 1 Page Reference: 49-50 Topic: How Does the Body Communicate Internally? Skill: Factual Objective: 2.2 Answer: c. nervous system 24. The nervous system is defined as a. a complex network of cells that carries information to and from all parts o ...
Aberrant changes of somatostatin and neuropeptide Y in brain of a
... reactions as template were directly added in amplified mixture and incubated in PCR thermocycler for 30 cycles. Each PCR reaction consisted of the following: 3 µl of the cDNA product, 2 µl of dNTP, 1µl of each primer, 2.5 µl of PCR Buffer, 0.3 µl of Takara Ex Taq Enzyme and sterilized distilled wate ...
... reactions as template were directly added in amplified mixture and incubated in PCR thermocycler for 30 cycles. Each PCR reaction consisted of the following: 3 µl of the cDNA product, 2 µl of dNTP, 1µl of each primer, 2.5 µl of PCR Buffer, 0.3 µl of Takara Ex Taq Enzyme and sterilized distilled wate ...
Stimulus Dependence of Local Field Potential Spectra: Experiment
... activity was recorded from opercular V1 (foval and parafoveal representations) using microelectrodes (300,800 kOhms; FHC). Signals were high-pass filtered (1 Hz; digital two-pole Butterworth filter), amplified using an Alpha Omega amplifier system and digitized at 20.83 kHz. The extracellular field ...
... activity was recorded from opercular V1 (foval and parafoveal representations) using microelectrodes (300,800 kOhms; FHC). Signals were high-pass filtered (1 Hz; digital two-pole Butterworth filter), amplified using an Alpha Omega amplifier system and digitized at 20.83 kHz. The extracellular field ...
CHAPTER TWO - Test Bank 1
... Correct. This is the state where the electrical charge is reversed. d) permeable reaction ANS: c, p. 49, C, LO=2.1, (1) % correct 75 a= 14 b= 10 c= 75 d= 1 r = .31 APA: LO 1.2 31. The term “fire” when referring to neural transmission indicates that a neuron: a) has become less positive in charge. b) ...
... Correct. This is the state where the electrical charge is reversed. d) permeable reaction ANS: c, p. 49, C, LO=2.1, (1) % correct 75 a= 14 b= 10 c= 75 d= 1 r = .31 APA: LO 1.2 31. The term “fire” when referring to neural transmission indicates that a neuron: a) has become less positive in charge. b) ...
Bursting Neurons Signal Input Slope
... between compartments is gc ⫽ 1 mS/cm 2. In Figures 2a, 3b, and 6, a and b, we only use the somatic compartment, gc ⫽ 0, whereas in Figure 2d we obtain adaptation by setting gc ⫽ 0.1. The asymmetry between the areas of the two compartments is taken into account in the parameter p ⫽ somatic area /tota ...
... between compartments is gc ⫽ 1 mS/cm 2. In Figures 2a, 3b, and 6, a and b, we only use the somatic compartment, gc ⫽ 0, whereas in Figure 2d we obtain adaptation by setting gc ⫽ 0.1. The asymmetry between the areas of the two compartments is taken into account in the parameter p ⫽ somatic area /tota ...
Trait inferences in goal-directed behavior: ERP
... enhanced N100 (Correll et al., 2006), P200 (Carretié et al., 2001; Eimer and Holmes, 2002; Eimer et al., 2003; Correll et al., 2006; Kubota and Ito, 2007) or P300 (Keil et al., 2002). The N100 is also sensitive to outgroup vs ingroup racial differences, while the P200 is additionally sensitive to g ...
... enhanced N100 (Correll et al., 2006), P200 (Carretié et al., 2001; Eimer and Holmes, 2002; Eimer et al., 2003; Correll et al., 2006; Kubota and Ito, 2007) or P300 (Keil et al., 2002). The N100 is also sensitive to outgroup vs ingroup racial differences, while the P200 is additionally sensitive to g ...
Normalization as a canonical neural computation
... A third kind of computation has been seen to operate in various neural systems: divisive normalization. Normalization computes a ratio between the response of an individual neuron and the summed activity of a pool of neurons. Normalization was proposed in the early 1990s to explain non-linear proper ...
... A third kind of computation has been seen to operate in various neural systems: divisive normalization. Normalization computes a ratio between the response of an individual neuron and the summed activity of a pool of neurons. Normalization was proposed in the early 1990s to explain non-linear proper ...
Spontaneous activity in developing sensory circuits
... These data suggest that some important property of sensory networks forms in utero, while the development of associational networks is likely part of the rapid synaptogenesis and maturation of cortical activity patterns observed postnatally. Thus a close examination of activity in primary sensory co ...
... These data suggest that some important property of sensory networks forms in utero, while the development of associational networks is likely part of the rapid synaptogenesis and maturation of cortical activity patterns observed postnatally. Thus a close examination of activity in primary sensory co ...
Vigneau et al.
... addition to generating substantial empirical data on this subject in the form of thousands of activation peak coordinates reported in a decade of language studies. We performed a large-scale meta-analysis of this literature, aimed at defining the composition of the phonological, semantic, and senten ...
... addition to generating substantial empirical data on this subject in the form of thousands of activation peak coordinates reported in a decade of language studies. We performed a large-scale meta-analysis of this literature, aimed at defining the composition of the phonological, semantic, and senten ...
Structure and Function in the Inferior Olivary Nucleus
... olive. In the first chapter, I report on the first direct patch-‐clamp recordings from olivary axons, and show that they fire in short bursts that can relay information about the state of ...
... olive. In the first chapter, I report on the first direct patch-‐clamp recordings from olivary axons, and show that they fire in short bursts that can relay information about the state of ...
Turtle Dorsal Cortex Pyramidal Neurons Comprise Two Distinct Cell
... pyramidal neuron subtypes is partly motivated by the hypothesis that a subtype-specific division of labor could create a rich substrate for computation. On the other hand, the extreme integration of individual neurons into the collective cortical circuit promotes the hypothesis that cellular individ ...
... pyramidal neuron subtypes is partly motivated by the hypothesis that a subtype-specific division of labor could create a rich substrate for computation. On the other hand, the extreme integration of individual neurons into the collective cortical circuit promotes the hypothesis that cellular individ ...
Planarian shows decision-making behavior in response to multiple
... sometimes communicate directly with motor neurons; however, when animals are exposed to more complex stimuli, integration of sensory information should be necessary to decide the appropriate behavior. Furthermore, integration of sensory information in this neural machinery is essential for choosing ...
... sometimes communicate directly with motor neurons; however, when animals are exposed to more complex stimuli, integration of sensory information should be necessary to decide the appropriate behavior. Furthermore, integration of sensory information in this neural machinery is essential for choosing ...
Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to Perception
... on its dendritic location (44, 94). Because STDP involves the interaction between the synaptic input and the backpropagating AP as well as the downstream cellular mechanisms highly localized at the synaptic site, it is likely to be dendritic location dependent. Indeed, both the amplitude and width o ...
... on its dendritic location (44, 94). Because STDP involves the interaction between the synaptic input and the backpropagating AP as well as the downstream cellular mechanisms highly localized at the synaptic site, it is likely to be dendritic location dependent. Indeed, both the amplitude and width o ...
Measurement of Corpus Callosum in Sudanese Population Using MRI
... only to form venous sinuses. The dura creates little folds or compartments. There are two special dural folds, the falx and the tentorium. The falx separates the right and left hemispheres of the brain and the tentorium separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum. The arachnoid mater is a thin, web-l ...
... only to form venous sinuses. The dura creates little folds or compartments. There are two special dural folds, the falx and the tentorium. The falx separates the right and left hemispheres of the brain and the tentorium separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum. The arachnoid mater is a thin, web-l ...
ANS: c, p. 46, F, LO=2.1, (1)
... 42. _________ synapses make it more likely that a neuron will send its message to other neurons, whereas ________ synapses make it less likely that a neuron will send its message. a) Excitatory; inhibitory Correct. Excitatory synapses turn cells on and inhibitory ones turn cells off. b) Inhibitory; ...
... 42. _________ synapses make it more likely that a neuron will send its message to other neurons, whereas ________ synapses make it less likely that a neuron will send its message. a) Excitatory; inhibitory Correct. Excitatory synapses turn cells on and inhibitory ones turn cells off. b) Inhibitory; ...
Perception Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to
... efficiency of the spike-timing protocol in long-term modification of excitatory synapses in hippocampal cultures (13) and midbrain slices (60). The NMDARs are largely blocked by Mg2" at hyperpolarized membrane potentials, but the block can be relieved by depolarization (69, 83), leading to the idea ...
... efficiency of the spike-timing protocol in long-term modification of excitatory synapses in hippocampal cultures (13) and midbrain slices (60). The NMDARs are largely blocked by Mg2" at hyperpolarized membrane potentials, but the block can be relieved by depolarization (69, 83), leading to the idea ...