• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
The Myth of the 97% Consensus
The Myth of the 97% Consensus

... survey like this. When I said "we have such a clear idea of what we are asking" I meant that we have been over and over many versions of the same questions, looking for the most neutral wording, so it becomes difficult to look at each question though fresh eyes and see where the issues might be. Thi ...
Chapter 3: The Global Warming Debate PDF
Chapter 3: The Global Warming Debate PDF

... the sun’s rays, leading to more warming, to more ice melting, and to more heat absorption. The second is arctic methane gas fifty times more potent that CO2, currently frozen into the Tundra. As the ice melts, the gas is released, triggering more warming and more atmospheric methane. Ocean acidifica ...
CLIMATE FORCINGS, FEEDBACKS, AND TELECONNECTIONS IN THE LAND SURFACE-VEGETATION-WATER COMPONENTS OF THE
CLIMATE FORCINGS, FEEDBACKS, AND TELECONNECTIONS IN THE LAND SURFACE-VEGETATION-WATER COMPONENTS OF THE

... Thus T is the "global average surface temperature." However, where is this temperature and its change with time, T', diagnosed?" Question: What is the level at which this temperature is monitored? Is T ′ height invariant near the surface, if the lowest levels of the atmosphere are used to compute T ...
Sustainable progress? worksheet A
Sustainable progress? worksheet A

... Almost every country in the world has a higher HDI than in 1990, despite the fact that since the 2008 financial crisis the total number of people living in extreme (9) poverty has increased. The report concludes that most people are healthier, live longer, are more educated, and have access to more ...
PBL website
PBL website

... Only few tree ring data series show exceptionally high current temperatures The uncertainty and low time resolution of proxy reconstructions preclude a meaningful comparison There are statistical flaws in the data analysis of proxy temperature reconstructions Divergence problem suggests that tree ri ...
PPT - United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
PPT - United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

... uniform treatment of statistical issues across time and space.  Comparability and coherence are important are particularly important where data is obtained from multiple sources and have to be combined or where outputs are used in a wide variety of contexts. ...
Constraints on radiative forcing and future climate change from
Constraints on radiative forcing and future climate change from

... the agreement is significantly worse, consistent with earlier model studies6,7,9. This applies similarly to the modelled ocean heat uptake, except that much less of the decadal structure in the data4 is reproduced, consistent with results obtained with 3D models10,15. To attach probabilities to our ...
Recent climate change in Japan
Recent climate change in Japan

... order to find out if the global observations of strengthened warming trends during the last decades can be confirmed for Japan. The periods were individually studied and compared with each other, applying the common international practice of climate change studies. Computations were carried out for ...
Organized by - Assemblée nationale
Organized by - Assemblée nationale

... European federation of bodies in charge of the scientific and technological assessment for their respective Parliament. Accredited by the COP21, this conference gathers 150 personalities from 29 different countries (24 European Union countries, Norway, Switzerland, USA, Russia and South Korea) and w ...
Teacher Guide, Level 3
Teacher Guide, Level 3

... evidence. What was the reason for their preference? What makes each easier or harder to use for interpretation? ...
Mann, ME, Emanuel, KA, Atlantic Hurricane Trends linked to Climate
Mann, ME, Emanuel, KA, Atlantic Hurricane Trends linked to Climate

... Spectrum of Residual (1870-1999) ...
Carrie_Kissman_
Carrie_Kissman_

... iv. Biological Indicators of Climate Change: Butterfly Emergence and Hummingbird Arrival Times Along with shifts in the timing of plant phenological events, scientists have observed significant shifts in the timing of animal phenological events such as migration, insect emergence, and mating associ ...
Warming World
Warming World

... authors, and publishing information for the studies that produced each dataset • Access data directly by clicking dataset names ...
Overlooked Issues in the Climate Change Debate Professor Roger A. Pielke Sr.
Overlooked Issues in the Climate Change Debate Professor Roger A. Pielke Sr.

... ¾$15/year subscription pays printing and mailing costs ...
PDF
PDF

... ¾$15/year subscription pays printing and mailing costs ...
How warm days increase belief in global warming.
How warm days increase belief in global warming.

... change or global warming. A multiple regression testing the effect of perceived temperature, framing condition (warming versus change) and their interaction on belief and concern revealed a main effect of perceived temperature on concern, β = 0.16, t (683) = 3.03, p < 0.01 and a marginally significa ...
This Unit Plan was developed by: Valarie Gray Cleveland
This Unit Plan was developed by: Valarie Gray Cleveland

... weather and climate can be described by temperature, precipitation, humidity, sunlight and wind. Weather is the short-term patterns and climate is the long-term patterns. Energy that originates from the fusion of hydrogen ions in the sun drives Earth’s climate system. It is the uneven heating of Ear ...
presentation
presentation

... DD>00C is limited as projection: Mean DD>00C flawed for local seasonal variations on survival Insensitve to arid habitats (prairies) limiting spread Insensitive to local rainfall variations and humidity Stochastic extinsions of ticks Conflict with Brownstein et al. 2005 (lower border projections) Co ...
Analysis of Monthly, Seasonal and Annual Air Temperature
Analysis of Monthly, Seasonal and Annual Air Temperature

... [13,14]. The IPCC panel further concluded that global temperature increases are likely to persist in the 21st century and will probably be accompanied by changes in precipitation and runoff amounts. Future climate change is more difficult to predict with great certainty at the regional scale due to ...
Statistical downscaling of future climate change scenarios onto
Statistical downscaling of future climate change scenarios onto

... Henry Diaz, NOAA/ESRL/CIRES, Boulder, Colorado ...
Greenhouse gases - Aktuel Naturvidenskab
Greenhouse gases - Aktuel Naturvidenskab

... tent, which in turn changes this will affect the albedo. The clouds, depending on height such as temperatures, winds, exchange of water vapor between and type. The total feedback water vapor, clouds, ice, snow, the energy balance and thereby the surface and atmosphere will from clouds is uncertain a ...
A Guide to Understanding Global Temperature Data
A Guide to Understanding Global Temperature Data

... have either not been invited to continue their participation, or have resigned in protest of the IPCC’s biased treatment of the science. 2) Can global temperatures go up naturally, even without rising CO2 levels? This is a fascinating question, because of the wholesale change in scientific attitudes ...
Antarctic Climate Evolution (ACE) Research Initiative
Antarctic Climate Evolution (ACE) Research Initiative

... respond to future global change. A previous SCAR (Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research) programme, named ANTOSTRAT (ANTarctic Offshore STRATigraphy) project focused principally on developing a stratigraphic framework for the Cenozoic Antarctic margin through seismic stratigraphy and direct sam ...
Long-term natural variability and 20th century climate change
Long-term natural variability and 20th century climate change

... we consider annual mean surface temperature fields extracted from 10 multi-century preindustrial control climate simulations, each derived from independently constructed models containing coupled ocean-atmosphere dynamics and advanced physical parameterizations. Such control simulations provide an i ...
Global Warming - Atmospheric Aerosol Group
Global Warming - Atmospheric Aerosol Group

... “The journey to the answer is immensely complex and no one can say absolutely what the effect is. The greenhouse effect amplifies solar warming of the earth. Greenhouse gases such as H2O, CO2, and CH4 in the Earth’s atmosphere, through combined convective readjustments and the radiative blanketing e ...
< 1 ... 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 ... 73 >

North Report

The North Report was a 2006 report evaluating reconstructions of the temperature record of the past two millennia, providing an overview of the state of the science and the implications for understanding of global warming. It was produced by a National Research Council committee, chaired by Gerald North, at the request of Representative Sherwood Boehlert as chairman of the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Science.These reconstructions had been dubbed ""hockey stick graphs"" after the 1999 reconstruction by Mann, Bradley and Hughes (MBH99), which used the methodology of their 1998 reconstruction covering 600 years (MBH98). A graph based on MBH99 was featured prominently in the 2001 IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR), and became a focus of the global warming controversy over the 1997 Kyoto Protocol. It was disputed by various contrarians, and in the politicisation of this hockey stick controversy the New York Times of 14 February 2005 hailed a paper by businessman Stephen McIntyre and economist Ross McKitrick (MM05) as undermining the scientific consensus behind the Kyoto agreement. On 23 June 2005, Rep. Joe Barton, chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce, with Ed Whitfield, Chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, wrote joint letters referring to issues raised by the Wall Street Journal article, and demanding that Mann, Bradley and Hughes provide full records on their data and methods, finances and careers, information about grants provided to the institutions they had worked for, and the exact computer codes used to generate their results. Boehlert said this was a ""misguided and illegitimate investigation"" into something that should properly be under the jurisdiction of the Science Committee, and in November 2005 after Barton dismissed the offer of an independent investigation organised by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, Boehlert requested the review, which became the North Report.The North Report went through a rigorous review process, and was published on 22 June 2006. It concluded ""with a high level of confidence that global mean surface temperature was higher during the last few decades of the 20th century than during any comparable period during the preceding four centuries"", justified by consistent evidence from a wide variety of geographically diverse proxies, but ""Less confidence can be placed in large-scale surface temperature reconstructions for the period from 900 to 1600"". It broadly agreed with the basic findings of the original MBH studies, which subsequently been supported by other reconstructions and proxy records, while emphasising uncertainties over earlier periods. The principal component analysis methodology that McIntyre and McKitrick had contested had a small tendency to bias results so was not recommended—but it had little influence on the final reconstructions, and other methods produced similar results.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report