Supplementary Text 2: Extensions to the prototype model
... The prototype model1 was developed in order to integrate major pathway components with other pertinent information on sphingolipid metabolism. As typical in modeling, this model design was based on abstraction and simplification. In order to facilitate the direct experimental testing of model predic ...
... The prototype model1 was developed in order to integrate major pathway components with other pertinent information on sphingolipid metabolism. As typical in modeling, this model design was based on abstraction and simplification. In order to facilitate the direct experimental testing of model predic ...
Met1 - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident
... C) purine metabolism disorders - myoadenylate deaminase deficiency see below >> D) mitochondrial myopathies - succinate dehydrogenase deficiency exercise intolerance in childhood; exertion-induced symptoms (muscle pain, weakness, myoglobinuria) in 2-3rd decade. – contractures cause intense muscle ...
... C) purine metabolism disorders - myoadenylate deaminase deficiency see below >> D) mitochondrial myopathies - succinate dehydrogenase deficiency exercise intolerance in childhood; exertion-induced symptoms (muscle pain, weakness, myoglobinuria) in 2-3rd decade. – contractures cause intense muscle ...
Understanding Labratory Teating - A Parent`s
... autism: impaired social interaction, problems with verbal and nonverbal communication, and obsessive or repetitive routines and interests. Most professionals agree that the earlier the intervention, the better. skill-oriented training sessions to help children develop social and language skills. Fam ...
... autism: impaired social interaction, problems with verbal and nonverbal communication, and obsessive or repetitive routines and interests. Most professionals agree that the earlier the intervention, the better. skill-oriented training sessions to help children develop social and language skills. Fam ...
BTEC - plannerLIVE!
... There are other nutrients that are essential for body function, including: vitamins minerals dietary fibre water. It is important to remember that no one food contains all of the nutrients that we need to maintain our health. ...
... There are other nutrients that are essential for body function, including: vitamins minerals dietary fibre water. It is important to remember that no one food contains all of the nutrients that we need to maintain our health. ...
ATP - IS MU
... • nutrients in food (lipids and saccharides, partially proteins) contain carbon atoms with low oxidation number • they are continuously degraded (oxidized) to various intermediates, that in decarboxylation reactions release CO2 • electrons and H atoms are transferred to redox cofactors (NADH, FADH2 ...
... • nutrients in food (lipids and saccharides, partially proteins) contain carbon atoms with low oxidation number • they are continuously degraded (oxidized) to various intermediates, that in decarboxylation reactions release CO2 • electrons and H atoms are transferred to redox cofactors (NADH, FADH2 ...
KREBS CYCLE Definition Krebs cycle (aka tricarboxylic acid cycle
... converted to succinyl-CoA. CO2 and NADH are produced. ...
... converted to succinyl-CoA. CO2 and NADH are produced. ...
Splanchnic exchange of glucose, amino acids and free disease
... probably as a consequence of the altered hormonal milieau, and (4) low concentrations of most amino acids possibly because of protein malabsorption. These findings underscore the importance of adequate protein and carbohydrate administration to this patient group. ...
... probably as a consequence of the altered hormonal milieau, and (4) low concentrations of most amino acids possibly because of protein malabsorption. These findings underscore the importance of adequate protein and carbohydrate administration to this patient group. ...
fatty acids
... The electron-transport chain uses NADH and FADH2 to produce 34 ATP. This process requires O2, which combines with H+ to form H2O. ...
... The electron-transport chain uses NADH and FADH2 to produce 34 ATP. This process requires O2, which combines with H+ to form H2O. ...
ch24a_wcr
... • Complex carbohydrates more glycogen storage in muscle; more effective than high-protein meal for intense muscle activity • Carbo loading – Carbohydrate-rich diet for 3-4 days; decreased activity muscles store more glycogen – improved performance and endurance ...
... • Complex carbohydrates more glycogen storage in muscle; more effective than high-protein meal for intense muscle activity • Carbo loading – Carbohydrate-rich diet for 3-4 days; decreased activity muscles store more glycogen – improved performance and endurance ...
Cell Quiz Review
... at least one QC sample should analyzer: be run a minimum of once per shift. 81) The isoelectric point of an amino acid or protein is defined pH at which the amino acid or as the: protein has no net charge. 82) C-reactive protein (CRP) is considered an acute phase albumin. protein (APP) because its c ...
... at least one QC sample should analyzer: be run a minimum of once per shift. 81) The isoelectric point of an amino acid or protein is defined pH at which the amino acid or as the: protein has no net charge. 82) C-reactive protein (CRP) is considered an acute phase albumin. protein (APP) because its c ...
The new trend in Bodybuilding
... regulating your glycogen; these are Glycogen phosphorylase and Glycogen synthase. When your body needs to use or store energy these are the prime players, remember that both catalyze nonequilibrium reaction, and are subject to control by allosteric effectors and convalent modification. You can find ...
... regulating your glycogen; these are Glycogen phosphorylase and Glycogen synthase. When your body needs to use or store energy these are the prime players, remember that both catalyze nonequilibrium reaction, and are subject to control by allosteric effectors and convalent modification. You can find ...
electron transport chain
... Glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvate. -a 10-step biochemical pathway -occurs in the cytoplasm -2 molecules of pyruvate are formed -net production of 2 ATP molecules by substrate-level phosphorylation -2 NADH produced by the reduction of NAD+ ...
... Glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvate. -a 10-step biochemical pathway -occurs in the cytoplasm -2 molecules of pyruvate are formed -net production of 2 ATP molecules by substrate-level phosphorylation -2 NADH produced by the reduction of NAD+ ...
Introduction to Metabolism
... Which of the following is not an intermediate of the citric acid cycle? A) Acetyl-CoA B) Citrate C) Oxaloacetate D) Succinyl-CoA E) α-Ketoglutarate In mammals, each of the following occurs during the citric acid cycle except: A) formation of α-ketoglutarate. B) generation of NADH and FADH2. C) metab ...
... Which of the following is not an intermediate of the citric acid cycle? A) Acetyl-CoA B) Citrate C) Oxaloacetate D) Succinyl-CoA E) α-Ketoglutarate In mammals, each of the following occurs during the citric acid cycle except: A) formation of α-ketoglutarate. B) generation of NADH and FADH2. C) metab ...
The best way to lose fat
... my cholesterol level is too high and I should eat a low fat. . ." Sound familiar? You have to understand where your doctor is coming from. Most people in the medical profession tend to be on the overcautious side. If it's not a fact among their peers, it will be dismissed by them. However, many tech ...
... my cholesterol level is too high and I should eat a low fat. . ." Sound familiar? You have to understand where your doctor is coming from. Most people in the medical profession tend to be on the overcautious side. If it's not a fact among their peers, it will be dismissed by them. However, many tech ...
Document
... • Protein conformation Depends on the physical and chemical conditions of the protein’s environment • Temperature, pH, etc. affect protein structure ...
... • Protein conformation Depends on the physical and chemical conditions of the protein’s environment • Temperature, pH, etc. affect protein structure ...
LowSlides
... INTRACELLULAR RECEPTORS:“LIGAND-ACTIVATED TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS” HORMONES WITH INTRACELLULAR RECEPTORS ARE HYDROPHOBIC ALLOWING ...
... INTRACELLULAR RECEPTORS:“LIGAND-ACTIVATED TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS” HORMONES WITH INTRACELLULAR RECEPTORS ARE HYDROPHOBIC ALLOWING ...
oxidation reduction
... ● Be able to describe the reactions that occur as pyruvate enters the mitochondria ● Be able to explain the energy transduction during the link reaction ...
... ● Be able to describe the reactions that occur as pyruvate enters the mitochondria ● Be able to explain the energy transduction during the link reaction ...
Fatty Acid Synthesis
... Ketone is reduced with help of NADPH Acylation to form N-acyl-sphinganine Desaturated to form ceramide Ceramide is precursor for other sphingolipids ...
... Ketone is reduced with help of NADPH Acylation to form N-acyl-sphinganine Desaturated to form ceramide Ceramide is precursor for other sphingolipids ...
Metabolism, Energy Balance, and Body Composition © 2009 Cengage - Wadsworth
... red blood cells (normally the brain and nerve cells consume about half the total glucose used each day) Glycogen stores are used first but are generally used up within 24 hours. Protein from muscle breakdown can be deaminated to meets glucose needs initially ...
... red blood cells (normally the brain and nerve cells consume about half the total glucose used each day) Glycogen stores are used first but are generally used up within 24 hours. Protein from muscle breakdown can be deaminated to meets glucose needs initially ...
Pancreatic Hormones and Insulin Receptor Agonists
... The bulk of the pancreas is an exocrine gland secreting pancreatic fluid into the duodenum after a meal. Inside the pancreas are millions of clusters of cells called islets of Langerhans. The islets are endocrine tissue containing four types of cells. In order of abundance, they are: beta cells, wh ...
... The bulk of the pancreas is an exocrine gland secreting pancreatic fluid into the duodenum after a meal. Inside the pancreas are millions of clusters of cells called islets of Langerhans. The islets are endocrine tissue containing four types of cells. In order of abundance, they are: beta cells, wh ...
Carbohydrates Metabolism OVERVIEW Carbohydrates (saccharides
... metabolism. It is the final pathway where the oxidative metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and fatty acids converge, their carbon skeletons being converted to CO2. This oxidation provides energy for the production of the majority of ATP in most animals, including humans. The cycle occurs tota ...
... metabolism. It is the final pathway where the oxidative metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and fatty acids converge, their carbon skeletons being converted to CO2. This oxidation provides energy for the production of the majority of ATP in most animals, including humans. The cycle occurs tota ...
chapt08
... 7. Some energy is released and is used to synthesize ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. 8. One high-energy metabolite accepts a phosphate group and transfers it to convert ADP to ATP. 9. The citric acid cycle turns twice for each original glucose molecule. 10. The products of the citric acid cy ...
... 7. Some energy is released and is used to synthesize ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. 8. One high-energy metabolite accepts a phosphate group and transfers it to convert ADP to ATP. 9. The citric acid cycle turns twice for each original glucose molecule. 10. The products of the citric acid cy ...
Citrátový cyklus a dýchací řetězec
... β-oxidation of FA, heme synthesis,…) Function of mitochondria: • production of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate (PDH reaction) • production of ATP (by oxidative phosphorylation) • degradation of FA by β-oxidation • urea synthesis • heme synthesis,…. ...
... β-oxidation of FA, heme synthesis,…) Function of mitochondria: • production of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate (PDH reaction) • production of ATP (by oxidative phosphorylation) • degradation of FA by β-oxidation • urea synthesis • heme synthesis,…. ...
Ketosis
Ketosis /kɨˈtoʊsɨs/ is a metabolic state where most of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis where blood glucose provides most of the energy. It is characterised by serum concentrations of ketone bodies over 0.5 millimolar, with low and stable levels of insulin and blood glucose. It is almost always generalized with hyperketonemia, that is, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood throughout the body. Ketone bodies are formed by ketogenesis when liver glycogen stores are depleted (or from metabolising medium-chain triglycerides). The main ketone bodies used for energy are acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, and the levels of ketone bodies are regulated mainly by insulin and glucagon. Most cells in the body can use both glucose and ketone bodies for fuel, and during ketosis, free fatty acids and glucose synthesis (gluconeogenesis) fuel the remainder.Longer-term ketosis may result from fasting or staying on a low-carbohydrate diet, and deliberately induced ketosis serves as a medical intervention for intractable epilepsy. In glycolysis, higher levels of insulin promote storage of body fat and block release of fat from adipose tissues, while in ketosis, fat reserves are readily released and consumed. For this reason, ketosis is sometimes referred to as the body's ""fat burning"" mode.