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Bloodborne Pathogens

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... • Steroids should be tapered over a period of several weeks. • When disciform keratitis is present with an infected epithelial ulcer, antiviral drugs should be started 5-7 days before the steroids. ...
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... lack of health services in some parts of world Spread of HIV/AIDS Emergence of multi-drug resistant TB ...
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... muscular weakness, emotional disturbances Commonly more marked on one side and cease during sleep Emotional disturbances typically manifest as inappropriate behavior, crying, restlessness Can see diffuse hypotonia Often has longer latent period than other manifestations ...
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... The higher the R the greater the number of animals that must be immune in order to prevent spread of the infectious agent. If R in a vaccinated population is larger than one, then the vaccine cannot totally prevent the spread of infection and other biosecurity principles must be employed. – Noordhui ...
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... 1. Staff are unable to participate or perform the functions required for their position. Special attention must be given to staff who handle food as many illnesses can be spread through food from an infected person. 2. Staff are suffering from certain infectious diseases (see link below). 3. The ill ...
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... D. Normal breathing E. The stomach and intestines F. Abnormal heart sounds produced by improper blood flow through the heart G. Using touch to examine underlying body structures H. Instrument used to examine the eye I. Instrument used to examine the ear J. An increased pulse rate seen with fear, pai ...
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... including making PEP recommendations for antibiotic therapy, vaccination or both. *High risk close contacts for PEP are infants <1 year old, 3rd trimester pregnant women, and persons who may expose them, including health care workers. *Clinicians may be asked to provide PEP and/or vaccinations to hi ...
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Chickenpox



Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV). The disease results in a characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which eventually scab over. It usually starts on the face, chest, and back and then spreads to the rest of the body. Other symptoms may include fever, feeling tired, and headaches. Symptoms usually last five to ten days. Complications may occasionally include pneumonia, inflammation of the brain, or bacterial infections of the skin among others. The disease is often more severe in adults than children. Symptoms begin ten to twenty one days after exposure to the virus.Chickenpox is an airborne disease which spreads easily through the coughs and sneezes of an infected person. It may be spread from one to two days before the rash appears until all lesions have crusted over. It may also spread through contact with the blisters. Those with shingles may spread chickenpox to those who are not immune through contact with the blisters. The disease can usually be diagnosed based on the presenting symptom; however, in unusual cases may be confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of the blister fluid or scabs. Testing for antibodies may be done to determine if a person is or is not immune. People usually only get the disease once.The varicella vaccine has resulted in a decrease in the number of cases and complications from the disease. It protects about 70 to 90 percent of people from disease with a greater benefit for severe disease. Routine immunization of children is recommended in many countries. Immunization within three days of exposure may improve outcomes in children. Treatment of those infected may include calamine lotion to help with itching, keeping the fingernails short to decrease injury from scratching, and the use of paracetamol (acetaminophen) to help with fevers. For those at increased risk of complications antiviral medication such as aciclovir are recommended.Chickenpox occurs in all parts of the world. Before routine immunization the number of cases occurring each year was similar to the number of people born. Since immunization the number of infections in the United States has decreased nearly 90%. In 2013 chickenpox resulted in 7,000 deaths globally – down from 8,900 in 1990. Death occurs in about 1 per 60,000 cases. Chickenpox was not separated from smallpox until the late 19th century. In 1888 its connection to shingles was determined. The first documented use of the term chicken pox was in 1658. Various explanations have been suggested for the use of ""chicken"" in the name, one being the relative mildness of the disease.
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