Biology Pre-Learning Check
... LS-C5. Illustrate the relationship of the structure and function of DNA to protein synthesis and the characteristics of an organism. ...
... LS-C5. Illustrate the relationship of the structure and function of DNA to protein synthesis and the characteristics of an organism. ...
Unit 7 Study Guide ANSWERS 2014
... 10. What determines the specificity of a protein? The order of the nitrogenous bases in the DNA 11. In a eukaryotic cell, where does mRNA processing take place? During Transcription 12. What are the two processes that link the gene to the protein? Transcription and Translation 13. Proteins are made ...
... 10. What determines the specificity of a protein? The order of the nitrogenous bases in the DNA 11. In a eukaryotic cell, where does mRNA processing take place? During Transcription 12. What are the two processes that link the gene to the protein? Transcription and Translation 13. Proteins are made ...
Protein Synthesis Notes
... That is where they are needed the most! III. Types of RNA 1. mRNA (Messenger RNA) a. A copy of the information found in DNA. b. Carries instructions to the ribosomes on how to make a specific protein. ...
... That is where they are needed the most! III. Types of RNA 1. mRNA (Messenger RNA) a. A copy of the information found in DNA. b. Carries instructions to the ribosomes on how to make a specific protein. ...
Protein Synthesis
... The ribosome is made of protein and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All cells need proteins, DNA, and ribosomes. Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes have ribosomes. ...
... The ribosome is made of protein and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All cells need proteins, DNA, and ribosomes. Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes have ribosomes. ...
RNA, Protein Synthesis, Transcription, and Translation
... • When mRNA is produced. • Part of a DNA nucleotide sequence is copied. • Starts at places called promoter. • Stops when a specific code is given. • Occurs in the nucleus of the cell • Purpose – copy instructions onto mRNA ...
... • When mRNA is produced. • Part of a DNA nucleotide sequence is copied. • Starts at places called promoter. • Stops when a specific code is given. • Occurs in the nucleus of the cell • Purpose – copy instructions onto mRNA ...
doc Practice Midterm 2006
... covered in the course. These questions can usually be answered in 25 words or less, certainly no more than 50. While a precise word count of your answers will not be conducted, excessively long answers and inclusion of irrelevant information may be penalized on the actual exam. 1. Identify three typ ...
... covered in the course. These questions can usually be answered in 25 words or less, certainly no more than 50. While a precise word count of your answers will not be conducted, excessively long answers and inclusion of irrelevant information may be penalized on the actual exam. 1. Identify three typ ...
The process of copying a gene`s DNA sequence into a sequence of
... true regarding introns? 1. Introns are the parts of mRNA that are translated 2. Introns have no function. 3. In general, human genes have fewer introns than genes of other organisms. 4. Introns may be involved in exon shuffling ...
... true regarding introns? 1. Introns are the parts of mRNA that are translated 2. Introns have no function. 3. In general, human genes have fewer introns than genes of other organisms. 4. Introns may be involved in exon shuffling ...
Protein Synthesis 1 - Transcription Translation
... Translation: In this process, the RNA molecule is used to do what? ____________________________________ _________________________________________ ...
... Translation: In this process, the RNA molecule is used to do what? ____________________________________ _________________________________________ ...
Key
... C. allows crossing over during meiosis. D. removes exons from an RNA molecule. E. occurs in the cytosol. 8. The enhancers located near the albumin gene A. are only present in liver cells. B. bind transcription factors only found in the liver. C. are located in introns. D. change the position at whic ...
... C. allows crossing over during meiosis. D. removes exons from an RNA molecule. E. occurs in the cytosol. 8. The enhancers located near the albumin gene A. are only present in liver cells. B. bind transcription factors only found in the liver. C. are located in introns. D. change the position at whic ...
Chapter 17 Powerpoint
... • RNA splicing – Initial RNA sequence is approximately 8,000 nucleotides – Generally, only approx. 1,200 are needed, though. – Noncoding areas are found in between coding areas ...
... • RNA splicing – Initial RNA sequence is approximately 8,000 nucleotides – Generally, only approx. 1,200 are needed, though. – Noncoding areas are found in between coding areas ...
Gene Expression Vocabulary
... 3. Gene expression: the process of information from DNA to proteins 4. Transcription: the information in DNA is transferred to mRNA 5. Translation: the information in mRNA is used to make a protein 6. RNA polymerase: an enzyme that begins transcription 7. Promoter: a specific sequence of DNA that ac ...
... 3. Gene expression: the process of information from DNA to proteins 4. Transcription: the information in DNA is transferred to mRNA 5. Translation: the information in mRNA is used to make a protein 6. RNA polymerase: an enzyme that begins transcription 7. Promoter: a specific sequence of DNA that ac ...
Exam II Review: - Texas Tech University
... 1. CPSF- cleaves 15-25nt past AAUAAA and 50nt before U/GU sequences, which activates PAP. 2. PAP- Adds AAUAAA tail to 3’ OH groups. ...
... 1. CPSF- cleaves 15-25nt past AAUAAA and 50nt before U/GU sequences, which activates PAP. 2. PAP- Adds AAUAAA tail to 3’ OH groups. ...
RNA and Protein Synthesis Notes
... •Ribosome continues to move along the mRNA _______________ •Each AA bonds w/ the next AA •Ribosome reaches a _______________ codon •_______________ is _______________ from _______________ DNA ...
... •Ribosome continues to move along the mRNA _______________ •Each AA bonds w/ the next AA •Ribosome reaches a _______________ codon •_______________ is _______________ from _______________ DNA ...
PG1005 Lecture 17 Gene Transcription
... 4 nucleotide subunits --Nucleotides are ribonucleotides (ribose sugar) -AGCU (adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil) -Intramolecular complimentary sequences found in RNA Can form intramolecular bonds permitting folding and generation of precise 3D structures ...
... 4 nucleotide subunits --Nucleotides are ribonucleotides (ribose sugar) -AGCU (adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil) -Intramolecular complimentary sequences found in RNA Can form intramolecular bonds permitting folding and generation of precise 3D structures ...
the primary transcript
... interrupted by noncoding segments (introns). Both exons and introns are transcribed in the nucleus. Introns are removed during processing of the RNA molecule in the nucleus. In eukaryotes, all mRNA is monocistronic. The mature mRNA is translated in the cytoplasm. The structure and transcription of a ...
... interrupted by noncoding segments (introns). Both exons and introns are transcribed in the nucleus. Introns are removed during processing of the RNA molecule in the nucleus. In eukaryotes, all mRNA is monocistronic. The mature mRNA is translated in the cytoplasm. The structure and transcription of a ...
Review L14 Gene to Protein L15 Gene Reg
... elongation and termination). Be sure to include the following: promoter, RNA polymerase, nucleotides, transcription factors, TATA box, polyadenylation signal sequence). 8. What are the cap and tail added to mRNA made of? What are their function? 9. Make a drawing that clearly shows RNA splicing. Inc ...
... elongation and termination). Be sure to include the following: promoter, RNA polymerase, nucleotides, transcription factors, TATA box, polyadenylation signal sequence). 8. What are the cap and tail added to mRNA made of? What are their function? 9. Make a drawing that clearly shows RNA splicing. Inc ...
Chapter 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7 Study Guide Key terms: Ribonucleic acid
... 1. Why do cells regulate gene expression? 2. What happens to the information on a DNA molecule during transcription? 3. What are repressor proteins and where do they bind? 4. mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm (with or without) a complete set of both introns and exons. (please circle t ...
... 1. Why do cells regulate gene expression? 2. What happens to the information on a DNA molecule during transcription? 3. What are repressor proteins and where do they bind? 4. mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm (with or without) a complete set of both introns and exons. (please circle t ...
DNA/RNA.lecture
... B. George Beadle & Edward Tatum (early 1940’s) C. Overview: information flow & gene expression II. Transcription A. Structure 1. nucleotide differences 2. RNA 3. short B. When does this happen? C. 3 main kinds of RNA 1. messenger RNAs (mRNA) 2. Other 2 types of RNA - protein-producing machinery a. t ...
... B. George Beadle & Edward Tatum (early 1940’s) C. Overview: information flow & gene expression II. Transcription A. Structure 1. nucleotide differences 2. RNA 3. short B. When does this happen? C. 3 main kinds of RNA 1. messenger RNAs (mRNA) 2. Other 2 types of RNA - protein-producing machinery a. t ...
Using Yeast to study Eukaryotic Gene Function From Recombinant
... apo-B (apolipoprotein B), serum protein of lipid transporter, CAA UAA, glutamine stop codon, in intestine both liver and intestine forms transport lipid only liver apo-B delivers cholesterol containing LDL ...
... apo-B (apolipoprotein B), serum protein of lipid transporter, CAA UAA, glutamine stop codon, in intestine both liver and intestine forms transport lipid only liver apo-B delivers cholesterol containing LDL ...
outline File - selu moodle
... Begins at a promoter transcribes the transcription unit ends at the terminator Promoter – sequence within DNA Elongation uses RNA polymerase to add ribonucleotides that are complementary to the template strand Most common mechanism for termination is the formation of a hairpin structure In proka ...
... Begins at a promoter transcribes the transcription unit ends at the terminator Promoter – sequence within DNA Elongation uses RNA polymerase to add ribonucleotides that are complementary to the template strand Most common mechanism for termination is the formation of a hairpin structure In proka ...
Post-transcriptional modifications Cap a
... •Thus: efficient mammalian polyadenylation signal consists of an AAUAAA motif about 20nts upstream of polyadenylation site in the re-mRNA, followed 23 or 24 nt later by a GU-rich motif, followed immediately by the U-motif. •Plant signals usually contain the AAUAAA motif, but more variation in this ...
... •Thus: efficient mammalian polyadenylation signal consists of an AAUAAA motif about 20nts upstream of polyadenylation site in the re-mRNA, followed 23 or 24 nt later by a GU-rich motif, followed immediately by the U-motif. •Plant signals usually contain the AAUAAA motif, but more variation in this ...
RNA
... • Phenotype = physical and chemical state • The phenotype is determined by the proteins synthesised when the genes are expressed ...
... • Phenotype = physical and chemical state • The phenotype is determined by the proteins synthesised when the genes are expressed ...
Protein Synthesis Notes: Transcription and Translation
... o Function: A single strand of ______________ is made from ______________. o Location: In the ___________________________. o Steps of Transcription 1. ____________________________ (an enzyme) attaches to DNA at a special sequence that serves as a “start signal”. 2. The DNA strands are ______________ ...
... o Function: A single strand of ______________ is made from ______________. o Location: In the ___________________________. o Steps of Transcription 1. ____________________________ (an enzyme) attaches to DNA at a special sequence that serves as a “start signal”. 2. The DNA strands are ______________ ...
File - Mrs. Badger`s Honors Biology Class
... _____ 2. The main function of tRNA is to a. carry a message that, when translated, forms proteins. b. form a portion of ribosomes, a cell’s protein factories. c. string together complementary RNA and DNA strands. d. bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes. _____ 3. What is the term for ...
... _____ 2. The main function of tRNA is to a. carry a message that, when translated, forms proteins. b. form a portion of ribosomes, a cell’s protein factories. c. string together complementary RNA and DNA strands. d. bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes. _____ 3. What is the term for ...
Polyadenylation
Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to a messenger RNA The poly(A) tail consists of multiple adenosine monophosphates; in other words, it is a stretch of RNA that has only adenine bases. In eukaryotes, polyadenylation is part of the process that produces mature messenger RNA (mRNA) for translation. It, therefore, forms part of the larger process of gene expression.The process of polyadenylation begins as the transcription of a gene finishes, or terminates. The 3'-most segment of the newly made pre-mRNA is first cleaved off by a set of proteins; these proteins then synthesize the poly(A) tail at the RNA's 3' end. In some genes, these proteins may add a poly(A) tail at any one of several possible sites. Therefore, polyadenylation can produce more than one transcript from a single gene (alternative polyadenylation), similar to alternative splicing.The poly(A) tail is important for the nuclear export, translation, and stability of mRNA. The tail is shortened over time, and, when it is short enough, the mRNA is enzymatically degraded. However, in a few cell types, mRNAs with short poly(A) tails are stored for later activation by re-polyadenylation in the cytosol. In contrast, when polyadenylation occurs in bacteria, it promotes RNA degradation. This is also sometimes the case for eukaryotic non-coding RNAs.mRNA molecules in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have polyadenylated 3'-ends, with the prokaryotic poly(A) tails generally shorter and less mRNA molecules polyadenylated.