Chapter 13
... Several of the sRNAs are bound by the protein Hfq, which increases their effectiveness. The OxyS sRNA activates or represses expression of 10 loci at the posttranscriptional level. ...
... Several of the sRNAs are bound by the protein Hfq, which increases their effectiveness. The OxyS sRNA activates or represses expression of 10 loci at the posttranscriptional level. ...
Presentation title: Introduction to RNA
... The central dogma of genetics is that the genome, comprised of DNA, encodes many thousands of genes that can be transcribed into RNA. Following this, the RNA may be translated into amino acids giving a functional protein. While the genome of an individual will be identical for each cell througho ...
... The central dogma of genetics is that the genome, comprised of DNA, encodes many thousands of genes that can be transcribed into RNA. Following this, the RNA may be translated into amino acids giving a functional protein. While the genome of an individual will be identical for each cell througho ...
Replication, Transcription, and Translation
... Transcription does not happen all the time Operon – the “switch” to ...
... Transcription does not happen all the time Operon – the “switch” to ...
Review Questions
... DNA, the recipe for making proteins, never leaves the nucleus (nucleoid region in bacteria). Yet all the protein-making machinery is located out in the cytoplasm. So how does the information get to the cytoplasm? DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA. 2. What is a transcript? A transcript is not a c ...
... DNA, the recipe for making proteins, never leaves the nucleus (nucleoid region in bacteria). Yet all the protein-making machinery is located out in the cytoplasm. So how does the information get to the cytoplasm? DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA. 2. What is a transcript? A transcript is not a c ...
1: How is ribonucleic acid like DNA
... Name ____________________________________Date ____________________ ...
... Name ____________________________________Date ____________________ ...
DNA
... • What: takes the DNA message and makes mRNA • Why: DNA can’t leave the nucleus but the message must get to the ribosome • You are now using U’s no T’s. • RNA polymerase – Enzyme that brings in RNA nucleotides to match up with DNA ...
... • What: takes the DNA message and makes mRNA • Why: DNA can’t leave the nucleus but the message must get to the ribosome • You are now using U’s no T’s. • RNA polymerase – Enzyme that brings in RNA nucleotides to match up with DNA ...
The Central Dogma of Biology Classroom Copy
... The “Central Dogma” is a process by which the instructions in DNA are converted into a functional product. It was first proposed in 1958 by Francis Crick, one of the discoverers of the structure of DNA. The central dogma of molecular biology explains the flow of genetic information, from DNA to RNA, ...
... The “Central Dogma” is a process by which the instructions in DNA are converted into a functional product. It was first proposed in 1958 by Francis Crick, one of the discoverers of the structure of DNA. The central dogma of molecular biology explains the flow of genetic information, from DNA to RNA, ...
Genetic Information
... will only bond with their complementary base like a lock and a key o adenine + thymine o guanine + cytosine if you know one strand you can figure out the other strand o CGTTAACGTA o GCAATTGCAT DNA Replication o Occurs during interphase, right before cell enters prophase (mitosis and mitosis I) ...
... will only bond with their complementary base like a lock and a key o adenine + thymine o guanine + cytosine if you know one strand you can figure out the other strand o CGTTAACGTA o GCAATTGCAT DNA Replication o Occurs during interphase, right before cell enters prophase (mitosis and mitosis I) ...
Section 1.3 Name:
... • Like DNA, RNA is made up of repeating __________________. However, RNA differs from DNA in that it contains the sugar ____________________ instead of _____________________. The second difference is that RNA has the nitrogen base _______________ (U) instead of _______________ (T). Uracil always pa ...
... • Like DNA, RNA is made up of repeating __________________. However, RNA differs from DNA in that it contains the sugar ____________________ instead of _____________________. The second difference is that RNA has the nitrogen base _______________ (U) instead of _______________ (T). Uracil always pa ...
END OF SEMESTER EXAM PREPARATION AND REVISION
... • Similar overall structure – DNA is more stable than RNA • DNA contains thymine instead of uracil in RNA • DNA is usually double stranded and RNA is usually single stranded ...
... • Similar overall structure – DNA is more stable than RNA • DNA contains thymine instead of uracil in RNA • DNA is usually double stranded and RNA is usually single stranded ...
Mock Exam 2BY330 Summer 2014 Assume that 4 molecules of
... d). tRNA e). prokaryotic mRNA 21. A typical 5S rRNA gene is about ________ nucleotides in length and is transcribed using RNA polymerase _______. Its promoter region is present (upstream, inside, downstream) of the gene and is also known as the _______________________________. RNA polymerase is attr ...
... d). tRNA e). prokaryotic mRNA 21. A typical 5S rRNA gene is about ________ nucleotides in length and is transcribed using RNA polymerase _______. Its promoter region is present (upstream, inside, downstream) of the gene and is also known as the _______________________________. RNA polymerase is attr ...
Protein Synthesis - Building Directory
... DNA molecule that tell RNA polymerase to stop transcription ...
... DNA molecule that tell RNA polymerase to stop transcription ...
Write True if the statement is true
... 4. The process of transcription produces a complementary strand of RNA on a DNA template. 5. The enzyme that assembles a complementary strand of RNA on a DNA template is RNA polymerase. 6. The region of DNA where the production of an RNA strand begins is called the intron. 7. Exons are spliced toget ...
... 4. The process of transcription produces a complementary strand of RNA on a DNA template. 5. The enzyme that assembles a complementary strand of RNA on a DNA template is RNA polymerase. 6. The region of DNA where the production of an RNA strand begins is called the intron. 7. Exons are spliced toget ...
From DNA to Protein: Transcription and Translation
... • Only a gene is copied, not the whole chromosome. • RNA nucleotides are added instead of DNA nucleotides. – Uracil is paired with adenine instead of thymine. • Transcription occurs on an ongoing basis as proteins needed, replication only occurs prior ...
... • Only a gene is copied, not the whole chromosome. • RNA nucleotides are added instead of DNA nucleotides. – Uracil is paired with adenine instead of thymine. • Transcription occurs on an ongoing basis as proteins needed, replication only occurs prior ...
aa + aa + aa + aa aa – aa – aa – aa
... 3. The long chans of amino acids (known as_________________________) coil up to create a ______________ (working) protein. The protein will not work unless it is folded up. 4. Most amino acids look exactly the same except for the _____ group or ________________ group. 5. There are _______ different ...
... 3. The long chans of amino acids (known as_________________________) coil up to create a ______________ (working) protein. The protein will not work unless it is folded up. 4. Most amino acids look exactly the same except for the _____ group or ________________ group. 5. There are _______ different ...
PROTIEN SYNTHESIS
... an·ti·co·don A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides in transfer RNA that binds to a corresponding codon in messenger RNA and designates a specific amino acid during protein synthesis. co·don A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides constituting the genetic code that determines the insertion of a s ...
... an·ti·co·don A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides in transfer RNA that binds to a corresponding codon in messenger RNA and designates a specific amino acid during protein synthesis. co·don A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides constituting the genetic code that determines the insertion of a s ...
DNA Replication - Texas Tech University
... Regulatory proteins bind to nascent transcript Stabilize RNA to allow mRNA maturation ...
... Regulatory proteins bind to nascent transcript Stabilize RNA to allow mRNA maturation ...
TRANSCRIPTION TRANSLATION
... between amino acids in a sequence defined by mRNA is called translation. Involves: (i) charging of the tRNA with the specific amino acids and (ii) synthesis of polypeptide chain by the ribosomes. ...
... between amino acids in a sequence defined by mRNA is called translation. Involves: (i) charging of the tRNA with the specific amino acids and (ii) synthesis of polypeptide chain by the ribosomes. ...
Polyadenylation
Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to a messenger RNA The poly(A) tail consists of multiple adenosine monophosphates; in other words, it is a stretch of RNA that has only adenine bases. In eukaryotes, polyadenylation is part of the process that produces mature messenger RNA (mRNA) for translation. It, therefore, forms part of the larger process of gene expression.The process of polyadenylation begins as the transcription of a gene finishes, or terminates. The 3'-most segment of the newly made pre-mRNA is first cleaved off by a set of proteins; these proteins then synthesize the poly(A) tail at the RNA's 3' end. In some genes, these proteins may add a poly(A) tail at any one of several possible sites. Therefore, polyadenylation can produce more than one transcript from a single gene (alternative polyadenylation), similar to alternative splicing.The poly(A) tail is important for the nuclear export, translation, and stability of mRNA. The tail is shortened over time, and, when it is short enough, the mRNA is enzymatically degraded. However, in a few cell types, mRNAs with short poly(A) tails are stored for later activation by re-polyadenylation in the cytosol. In contrast, when polyadenylation occurs in bacteria, it promotes RNA degradation. This is also sometimes the case for eukaryotic non-coding RNAs.mRNA molecules in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have polyadenylated 3'-ends, with the prokaryotic poly(A) tails generally shorter and less mRNA molecules polyadenylated.