Molecular Biology - Gene Regulation
... • Describe how prokaryotic gene expression occurs at the transcriptional level • Understand that eukaryotic gene expression occurs at the epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels For a cell to function properly, necessary proteins must be synthe ...
... • Describe how prokaryotic gene expression occurs at the transcriptional level • Understand that eukaryotic gene expression occurs at the epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels For a cell to function properly, necessary proteins must be synthe ...
Proteomes, Genes and Junk DNA
... The entire range of genes of an organism (or a species) comprises its genome. Since the genes specify the organism's proteins, the genome specifies the proteome – the entire range of proteins of an organism (or a species). Other RNAs It seems that many types of RNA other than mRNA and tRNA are impor ...
... The entire range of genes of an organism (or a species) comprises its genome. Since the genes specify the organism's proteins, the genome specifies the proteome – the entire range of proteins of an organism (or a species). Other RNAs It seems that many types of RNA other than mRNA and tRNA are impor ...
Introduction to Nucleic Acids
... The nucleic acids are the building blocks of living organisms. You may have heard of DNA described the same way. Guess what? DNA is just one type of nucleic acid. Some other types are RNA, mRNA, and tRNA. All of these "NAs" work together to help cells replicate and build proteins. NA? Hold on. Might ...
... The nucleic acids are the building blocks of living organisms. You may have heard of DNA described the same way. Guess what? DNA is just one type of nucleic acid. Some other types are RNA, mRNA, and tRNA. All of these "NAs" work together to help cells replicate and build proteins. NA? Hold on. Might ...
Regulation of Gene Activity
... initiate/regulate transcription Posttranscriptional control: mRNA processing and how fast mRNA leaves the nucleus Translational control: when translation begins and how long it continues Posttranslational control: after protein synthesis, polypeptide may have to undergo additional changes before it ...
... initiate/regulate transcription Posttranscriptional control: mRNA processing and how fast mRNA leaves the nucleus Translational control: when translation begins and how long it continues Posttranslational control: after protein synthesis, polypeptide may have to undergo additional changes before it ...
Regulation of gene expression
... – Proteolytic cleavage: the formation of functional protein by cleavage of a precursor polypeptide chain (proinsulin ...
... – Proteolytic cleavage: the formation of functional protein by cleavage of a precursor polypeptide chain (proinsulin ...
Document
... You have isolated an antibiotic which kills E. coli cells by interacting with RNA polymerase. You discover that the antibiotic causes low production of ribosomal RNA but does not affect most mRNAs. Which of the following RNA polymerase subunits is most likely to interact with the drug? ...
... You have isolated an antibiotic which kills E. coli cells by interacting with RNA polymerase. You discover that the antibiotic causes low production of ribosomal RNA but does not affect most mRNAs. Which of the following RNA polymerase subunits is most likely to interact with the drug? ...
Chapter 15 - jl041.k12.sd.us
... C. Translational Controls mRNA transcript will be digested when it reaches the cytoplasm (a good thing, or once a gene were turned on it would be forever expressed). A transcript has a cap added to the 5’ end and a poly-A tail added to the 3’ end. If these tails/caps are long, it will take the enzy ...
... C. Translational Controls mRNA transcript will be digested when it reaches the cytoplasm (a good thing, or once a gene were turned on it would be forever expressed). A transcript has a cap added to the 5’ end and a poly-A tail added to the 3’ end. If these tails/caps are long, it will take the enzy ...
Chapter 2 DNA, RNA, Transcription and Translation I. DNA
... shorter with each cell division eventually DNA damage occurs at chromosome ends sends a signal to stabilize p53transcription of several genes (e.g. p21) CKI (cdk inhibitor protein) bind to and inhibit G1/S-cdk and S-cdk.=> block entry into S phase (Alberts, p10071018). ...
... shorter with each cell division eventually DNA damage occurs at chromosome ends sends a signal to stabilize p53transcription of several genes (e.g. p21) CKI (cdk inhibitor protein) bind to and inhibit G1/S-cdk and S-cdk.=> block entry into S phase (Alberts, p10071018). ...
Chapter 17 and 19
... facilitate the binding of DNA to intermediate filaments cause apopotosis 16. In humans, the hormone testosterone enters cells and binds to specific proteins, which in turn bind to specific sites on the cells' DNA. These proteins probably act to _____. help RNA polymerase transcribe certain genes alt ...
... facilitate the binding of DNA to intermediate filaments cause apopotosis 16. In humans, the hormone testosterone enters cells and binds to specific proteins, which in turn bind to specific sites on the cells' DNA. These proteins probably act to _____. help RNA polymerase transcribe certain genes alt ...
Lesson 1 DNA and proteins
... • Polypeptides are chains of amino acid residues joined by peptide bonds. • There are 20 different aa and their sequence determines the structure and function of the protein. • The sequence of bases in a DNA molecule determines the sequence of aa. • A gene is a length of DNA that codes for one (or m ...
... • Polypeptides are chains of amino acid residues joined by peptide bonds. • There are 20 different aa and their sequence determines the structure and function of the protein. • The sequence of bases in a DNA molecule determines the sequence of aa. • A gene is a length of DNA that codes for one (or m ...
Regulation of Gene Expression
... mRNA & proteins degrade over time Much quicker in prokaryotes (which allows them to adapt to new situations much more rapidly than eukaryotes can) Ubiquitin Proteasome ...
... mRNA & proteins degrade over time Much quicker in prokaryotes (which allows them to adapt to new situations much more rapidly than eukaryotes can) Ubiquitin Proteasome ...
Lecture Notes
... Autoradiographs demonstrating the synthesis of RNA in the nucleus and its subsequent transport to the cytoplasm. © 2003 John Wiley and Sons Publishers ...
... Autoradiographs demonstrating the synthesis of RNA in the nucleus and its subsequent transport to the cytoplasm. © 2003 John Wiley and Sons Publishers ...
Valhalla High School
... needed to get to the ribosome. DNA is converted into a single stranded RNA molecule, called mRNA. This process is called transcription. Draw your codon lines to separate the triplets. Using the base pairing rules for DNA to RNA, find the anticodons for the DNA strand first. Then convert that strand ...
... needed to get to the ribosome. DNA is converted into a single stranded RNA molecule, called mRNA. This process is called transcription. Draw your codon lines to separate the triplets. Using the base pairing rules for DNA to RNA, find the anticodons for the DNA strand first. Then convert that strand ...
Transcription and Translation
... (-NH2) group on one end, and an acid group (-COOH) on the other end. Attached to the central carbon is an R group, which differs for each of the different amino acids. • When polypeptides are synthesized, the acid group of one amino acid is attached to the amino group of the next amino acid, forming ...
... (-NH2) group on one end, and an acid group (-COOH) on the other end. Attached to the central carbon is an R group, which differs for each of the different amino acids. • When polypeptides are synthesized, the acid group of one amino acid is attached to the amino group of the next amino acid, forming ...
Transcription and Translation
... (-NH2) group on one end, and an acid group (-COOH) on the other end. Attached to the central carbon is an R group, which differs for each of the different amino acids. • When polypeptides are synthesized, the acid group of one amino acid is attached to the amino group of the next amino acid, forming ...
... (-NH2) group on one end, and an acid group (-COOH) on the other end. Attached to the central carbon is an R group, which differs for each of the different amino acids. • When polypeptides are synthesized, the acid group of one amino acid is attached to the amino group of the next amino acid, forming ...
What are transcription factors?
... luckily there are 2 tall people living at your house. It is also a difficult light switch to turn on, so 2 people need to work together to turn it on. In order to make light/gene product, you need the STAT to exist as a dimer (two STATs bound together). In our analogy, that means we need two peo ...
... luckily there are 2 tall people living at your house. It is also a difficult light switch to turn on, so 2 people need to work together to turn it on. In order to make light/gene product, you need the STAT to exist as a dimer (two STATs bound together). In our analogy, that means we need two peo ...
Fundamentals of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry: RNA
... Promoters are activated by highly specialized transcription factor (TF) proteins (specific TFs bind specific promoters). One or many promoters (each with specific TF proteins) may occur for any given gene. Promoters may be positively or negatively regulated. ...
... Promoters are activated by highly specialized transcription factor (TF) proteins (specific TFs bind specific promoters). One or many promoters (each with specific TF proteins) may occur for any given gene. Promoters may be positively or negatively regulated. ...
SBI4U: Molecular Genetics Unit Review
... 18. What can be found in the promoter region of DNA? 19. What post-transcriptional modifications occur to an mRNA before it leaves the nucleus? 20. What are the three kinds of RNA, and what are their purposes? 21. What is aminoacl tRNA synthetase? 22. What is a stop codon? 23. When talking about the ...
... 18. What can be found in the promoter region of DNA? 19. What post-transcriptional modifications occur to an mRNA before it leaves the nucleus? 20. What are the three kinds of RNA, and what are their purposes? 21. What is aminoacl tRNA synthetase? 22. What is a stop codon? 23. When talking about the ...
Chapter 17 and 19: Review Questions
... facilitate the binding of DNA to intermediate filaments cause apopotosis ...
... facilitate the binding of DNA to intermediate filaments cause apopotosis ...
powerpoint slides - Central Web Server 2
... Present day proteins evolved through substitution and selection from ancestral proteins. Related proteins have similar sequence AND similar structure AND similar function. In the above mantra "similar function" can refer to: ...
... Present day proteins evolved through substitution and selection from ancestral proteins. Related proteins have similar sequence AND similar structure AND similar function. In the above mantra "similar function" can refer to: ...
Biology
... Has two “phases” of “Mitosis-like stages” For humans, it takes a cell with 46 chromosomes and makes cells with 23. ...
... Has two “phases” of “Mitosis-like stages” For humans, it takes a cell with 46 chromosomes and makes cells with 23. ...
Chapter 10 (Sample questions)
... A sequence of three RNA bases can function as a(n) a. codon. b. anticodon. c. gene. d. a and b. e. a and c. Which of the following molecules functions to transfer information from mRNA to protein? a. DNA b. mRNA c. tRNA d. Proteins e. Lipids Ribosomes are a collection of a. small proteins that funct ...
... A sequence of three RNA bases can function as a(n) a. codon. b. anticodon. c. gene. d. a and b. e. a and c. Which of the following molecules functions to transfer information from mRNA to protein? a. DNA b. mRNA c. tRNA d. Proteins e. Lipids Ribosomes are a collection of a. small proteins that funct ...
Lab Instructions - Translation Please
... Lab Instructions – Translation Please Purpose: To help students understand the role of DNA, mRNA, tRNA, and amino acids in the role of protein synthesis. This activity will also introduce the concept of mutations. Procedure: 1. You will be working in 3 person teams. 2. The teacher’s desk is the nucl ...
... Lab Instructions – Translation Please Purpose: To help students understand the role of DNA, mRNA, tRNA, and amino acids in the role of protein synthesis. This activity will also introduce the concept of mutations. Procedure: 1. You will be working in 3 person teams. 2. The teacher’s desk is the nucl ...
Non-coding RNA
A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is an RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. Less-frequently used synonyms are non-protein-coding RNA (npcRNA), non-messenger RNA (nmRNA) and functional RNA (fRNA). The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene.Non-coding RNA genes include highly abundant and functionally important RNAs such as transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well as RNAs such as snoRNAs, microRNAs, siRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs, and piRNAs and the long ncRNAs that include examples such as Xist and HOTAIR (see here for a more complete list of ncRNAs). The number of ncRNAs encoded within the human genome is unknown; however, recent transcriptomic and bioinformatic studies suggest the existence of thousands of ncRNAs., but see Since many of the newly identified ncRNAs have not been validated for their function, it is possible that many are non-functional. It is also likely that many ncRNAs are non functional (sometimes referred to as Junk RNA), and are the product of spurious transcription.