Non-pharmacological treatment
... influenza vaccination. There was no significant reduction in the number, duration or severity of influenzarelated asthma exacerbations. There was no difference in the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV) although children who had been vaccinated had better symptom scores during influenza-pos ...
... influenza vaccination. There was no significant reduction in the number, duration or severity of influenzarelated asthma exacerbations. There was no difference in the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV) although children who had been vaccinated had better symptom scores during influenza-pos ...
Pandemics – The Threat That Will Never Go Away
... quarantine enforcement. These services require trained first responders who are capable of managing pandemic scenarios, and who have the equipment necessary for protecting themselves from disease agents transmitted through the air. Additionally, the issue of first-responder absenteeism must be addre ...
... quarantine enforcement. These services require trained first responders who are capable of managing pandemic scenarios, and who have the equipment necessary for protecting themselves from disease agents transmitted through the air. Additionally, the issue of first-responder absenteeism must be addre ...
Interferences with Ventilation
... Diagnosis: X-ray or CT – confirm fluid levels & mucous membrane thickening ...
... Diagnosis: X-ray or CT – confirm fluid levels & mucous membrane thickening ...
How vaccines work.
... side effects are usually very mild and limited to a low-grade fever or runny nose." Dr. Bradley also notes that about 5 to 10 percent of children who receive the varicella (chickenpox) vaccine develop a few pox spots, but it's nothing compared to the full-blown illness. ...
... side effects are usually very mild and limited to a low-grade fever or runny nose." Dr. Bradley also notes that about 5 to 10 percent of children who receive the varicella (chickenpox) vaccine develop a few pox spots, but it's nothing compared to the full-blown illness. ...
Slide 1 - WordPress.com
... There have been concerns that humans may become infected with the H5N1 virus by the handling and consumption of contaminated poultry and poultry products, and this has led to research into the virus and its potential as a foodborne pathogen. ...
... There have been concerns that humans may become infected with the H5N1 virus by the handling and consumption of contaminated poultry and poultry products, and this has led to research into the virus and its potential as a foodborne pathogen. ...
Arenavirus by Avner Yemin
... through the cell membrane and gain an envelope. Virus is released from host cell without causing death. ...
... through the cell membrane and gain an envelope. Virus is released from host cell without causing death. ...
The Swine Flu Outbreak and International Law By David P. Fidler
... disease threats.[19] The swine flu outbreak constitutes a major test on how well WHO and its member states apply the IHR 2005 to a dangerous outbreak.[20] Declaration of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern On April 25, 2009, the WHO Director-General convened an Emergency Committee and ...
... disease threats.[19] The swine flu outbreak constitutes a major test on how well WHO and its member states apply the IHR 2005 to a dangerous outbreak.[20] Declaration of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern On April 25, 2009, the WHO Director-General convened an Emergency Committee and ...
After the synthesis of viral nucleic acid and viral proteins
... After binding, the virus particle is taken up inside the cell. This step is referred to as penetration or engulfment. In some systems, this is accomplished by receptor-mediated endocytosis, with uptake of the ingested virus particles within endosomes. There are also examples of direct penetration of ...
... After binding, the virus particle is taken up inside the cell. This step is referred to as penetration or engulfment. In some systems, this is accomplished by receptor-mediated endocytosis, with uptake of the ingested virus particles within endosomes. There are also examples of direct penetration of ...
canine influenza virus vaccine h3n8
... respiratory disease (CIRD) complex because of shared clinical signs. CIRD complex is a relatively new term used to describe respiratory disease in dogs that may be caused by a number of viral or bacterial pathogens. Some of the betterknown pathogens are distemper virus, adenovirus type 2, parainflue ...
... respiratory disease (CIRD) complex because of shared clinical signs. CIRD complex is a relatively new term used to describe respiratory disease in dogs that may be caused by a number of viral or bacterial pathogens. Some of the betterknown pathogens are distemper virus, adenovirus type 2, parainflue ...
L3 The current situations and control strategies of avian influenza
... countries, IB is also one of the major diseases causing heavy economic losses in either vaccinated or unvaccinated poultry flocks in China (4, 7). Epidemiology features and virus evolution In China, IB always induced heavy losses when it accompanies with secondary bacterial infection or co- infectio ...
... countries, IB is also one of the major diseases causing heavy economic losses in either vaccinated or unvaccinated poultry flocks in China (4, 7). Epidemiology features and virus evolution In China, IB always induced heavy losses when it accompanies with secondary bacterial infection or co- infectio ...
Avian Influenza
... refers to the disease caused by infection with avian bird influenza flu type a viruses these viruses occur naturally among wild aquatic birds, who avian and other zoonotic influenza - who fact sheet on avian influenza includes key facts definition clinical features antiviral treatment risk factors f ...
... refers to the disease caused by infection with avian bird influenza flu type a viruses these viruses occur naturally among wild aquatic birds, who avian and other zoonotic influenza - who fact sheet on avian influenza includes key facts definition clinical features antiviral treatment risk factors f ...
noroviruses - Summit County Public Health
... illnesses. Noroviruses can be highly contagious and spreads quickly among family members and group settings. The virus is a common cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks on cruise ships, schools, childcare centers and nursing homes. Anyone can be infected with these viruses. There are many different str ...
... illnesses. Noroviruses can be highly contagious and spreads quickly among family members and group settings. The virus is a common cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks on cruise ships, schools, childcare centers and nursing homes. Anyone can be infected with these viruses. There are many different str ...
Avian Influenza Facts
... that appear to be contaminated with feces from poultry or other animals. • When planning an international trip, check the CDC Web site or call their public information hotline at 1-888-246-2675 for the latest travel advice. • If you are not feeling well, wash your hands frequently and cover your mou ...
... that appear to be contaminated with feces from poultry or other animals. • When planning an international trip, check the CDC Web site or call their public information hotline at 1-888-246-2675 for the latest travel advice. • If you are not feeling well, wash your hands frequently and cover your mou ...
Title Viral shedding, clinical history and transmission of influenza
... to 2 days following ARI onset. Individuals should take protective measures against transmission while they have febrile illness, and if possible while any symptoms persist. ...
... to 2 days following ARI onset. Individuals should take protective measures against transmission while they have febrile illness, and if possible while any symptoms persist. ...
Dr. Jing Qian, Ph.D
... B. Viruses cannot synthesize proteins outside of cells C. Viruses must degrade host cell DNA in order to obtain nucleotides D. Enveloped viruses require host cell membranes to obtain their envelopes Each of the following statements concerning viruses is correct EXCEPT: A. Viruses can reproduce only ...
... B. Viruses cannot synthesize proteins outside of cells C. Viruses must degrade host cell DNA in order to obtain nucleotides D. Enveloped viruses require host cell membranes to obtain their envelopes Each of the following statements concerning viruses is correct EXCEPT: A. Viruses can reproduce only ...
5. Infection control in health care facilities
... – Use a medical mask when < 1 m of patient – Maintain a distance ≥ 1 meter between infectious patient and others – Place patient in a single room or cohort with similar patients – Limit patient movement Influenza Training Package ...
... – Use a medical mask when < 1 m of patient – Maintain a distance ≥ 1 meter between infectious patient and others – Place patient in a single room or cohort with similar patients – Limit patient movement Influenza Training Package ...
Parainfluenza virus case study 2 pp - Cal State LA
... – Intercostal retractions: retractions of the chest cavity • The inward movement of the chest due to decreased pressure in the chest cavity. • Usually an indicator for difficulty in breathing • The virus will cause a diffused inflammation with erythema and edema in the tracheal walls that will affec ...
... – Intercostal retractions: retractions of the chest cavity • The inward movement of the chest due to decreased pressure in the chest cavity. • Usually an indicator for difficulty in breathing • The virus will cause a diffused inflammation with erythema and edema in the tracheal walls that will affec ...
Influenza Pandemic Readiness and Response Plan (Draft)
... Influenza-related deaths can result from pneumonia as well as from exacerbations of cardiopulmonary conditions and other chronic diseases. Older adults account for >90% of deaths attributed to pneumonia and influenza. Estimated rates of influenza-associated pulmonary and circulatory deaths per 100,0 ...
... Influenza-related deaths can result from pneumonia as well as from exacerbations of cardiopulmonary conditions and other chronic diseases. Older adults account for >90% of deaths attributed to pneumonia and influenza. Estimated rates of influenza-associated pulmonary and circulatory deaths per 100,0 ...
An update of H5N1 viruses: Are they still a threat to Australia?
... poultry throughout 2010, and in the Middle East only Israel reported poultry outbreaks. Wild bird infections were recorded in all three European countries (Bulgaria, Romania and Russia) that reported H5N1 activity in 2010, while only Romania and Russia reported poultry outbreaks12. In addition, the ...
... poultry throughout 2010, and in the Middle East only Israel reported poultry outbreaks. Wild bird infections were recorded in all three European countries (Bulgaria, Romania and Russia) that reported H5N1 activity in 2010, while only Romania and Russia reported poultry outbreaks12. In addition, the ...
Community Crisis Management Lessons from
... people with a 59% mortality rate by direct transmission from animals, in a process called zoonosis (“Cumulative number of confirmed human cases for avian influenza A (H5N1) reported to WHO, 2003-2011,” 2011). The concern is that transmission between humans would be enabled by an antigenic shift that ...
... people with a 59% mortality rate by direct transmission from animals, in a process called zoonosis (“Cumulative number of confirmed human cases for avian influenza A (H5N1) reported to WHO, 2003-2011,” 2011). The concern is that transmission between humans would be enabled by an antigenic shift that ...
The Biological Agents Of Concern, Historical Epidemics, And
... over a city of five million might result in 150 000 cases of pneumonic plague and 36 000 deaths. Another estimation showed that 100 Kg of anthrax over a large city on a clear night could kill between one and three million people. This is considered as deadly as a one-megaton atomic bomb and lethal i ...
... over a city of five million might result in 150 000 cases of pneumonic plague and 36 000 deaths. Another estimation showed that 100 Kg of anthrax over a large city on a clear night could kill between one and three million people. This is considered as deadly as a one-megaton atomic bomb and lethal i ...
GRE - Flu Vaccination PGD
... The pharmacist will give the patient an information leaflet (PIL) accompanying the vaccine, if available. The pharmacist will advise the patient as to the possible local and systematic adverse reactions and that these reaction will usually disappear within one or two days without treatment: Local re ...
... The pharmacist will give the patient an information leaflet (PIL) accompanying the vaccine, if available. The pharmacist will advise the patient as to the possible local and systematic adverse reactions and that these reaction will usually disappear within one or two days without treatment: Local re ...
The use of antiviral drugs for influenza: Guidance for practitioners
... tration with meals may improve gastrointestinal tolerability. Oseltamivir is available in 30 mg, 45 mg, and 75 mg capsules, and as a powder for oral suspension that is reconstituted to provide a final concentration of either 6 mg/mL or 12 mg/mL. If the commercially manufactured oral suspension is no ...
... tration with meals may improve gastrointestinal tolerability. Oseltamivir is available in 30 mg, 45 mg, and 75 mg capsules, and as a powder for oral suspension that is reconstituted to provide a final concentration of either 6 mg/mL or 12 mg/mL. If the commercially manufactured oral suspension is no ...
Influenza
Influenza, commonly known as ""the flu"", is an infectious disease caused by the influenza virus. Symptoms can be mild to severe. The most common symptoms include: a high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains, headache, coughing, and feeling tired. These symptoms typically begin two days after exposure to the virus and most last less than a week. The cough, however, may last for more than two weeks. In children there may be nausea and vomiting but these are not common in adults. Nausea and vomiting occur more commonly in the unrelated infection gastroenteritis, which is sometimes inaccurately referred to as ""stomach flu"" or ""24-hour flu"". Complications of influenza may include viral pneumonia, secondary bacterial pneumonia, sinus infections, and worsening of previous health problems such as asthma or heart failure.Three types of influenza affect people. Usually, the virus is spread through the air from coughs or sneezes. This is believed to occur mostly over relatively short distances. It can also be spread by touching surfaces contaminated by the virus and then touching the mouth or eyes. A person may be infectious to others both before and during the time they are sick. The infection may be confirmed by testing the throat, sputum, or nose for the virus. A number of rapid tests are available; however, people may still have the infection if the results are negative. A type of polymerase chain reaction that detects the virus's RNA is more accurate.Frequent hand washing reduces the risk of infection because the virus is inactivated by soap. Wearing a surgical mask is also useful. Yearly vaccinations against influenza are recommended by the World Health Organization for those at high risk. The vaccine is usually effective against three or four types of influenza. It is usually well tolerated. A vaccine made for one year may not be useful in the following year, since the virus evolves rapidly. Antiviral drugs such as the neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir among others have been used to treat influenza. Their benefits in those who are otherwise healthy do not appear to be greater than their risks. No benefit has been found in those with other health problems.Influenza spreads around the world in a yearly outbreak, resulting in about three to five million cases of severe illness and about 250,000 to 500,000 deaths. In the Northern and Southern parts of the world outbreaks occur mainly in winter while in areas around the equator outbreaks may occur at any time of the year. Death occurs mostly in the young, the old and those with other health problems. Larger outbreaks known as pandemics are less frequent. In the 20th century three influenza pandemics occurred: Spanish influenza in 1918, Asian influenza in 1958, and Hong Kong influenza in 1968, each resulting in more than a million deaths. The World Health Organization declared an outbreak of a new type of influenza A/H1N1 to be a pandemic in June 2009. Influenza may also affect other animals, including pigs, horses and birds.