Is it a Cold, Flu, or Pertussis?
... The flu and the common cold are both respiratory illnesses but they are caused by different viruses. Because these two types of illnesses have similar flu-like symptoms, it can be difficult to tell the difference between them based on symptoms alone. In general, the flu is worse than the common cold ...
... The flu and the common cold are both respiratory illnesses but they are caused by different viruses. Because these two types of illnesses have similar flu-like symptoms, it can be difficult to tell the difference between them based on symptoms alone. In general, the flu is worse than the common cold ...
Ruling Out Novel H1N1 Influenza Virus Infection with Direct
... influenza tests to identify novel H1N1 influenza virus. DFA results were compared with polymerase chain reaction results. The negative predictive value of DFA testing was at least 96%. Therefore, when performed on specimens of adequate quality, DFA tests can effectively rule out infection due to nov ...
... influenza tests to identify novel H1N1 influenza virus. DFA results were compared with polymerase chain reaction results. The negative predictive value of DFA testing was at least 96%. Therefore, when performed on specimens of adequate quality, DFA tests can effectively rule out infection due to nov ...
Laboratory Diagnostics, Specimen Collection, and Biosafety
... •Use absorbent material in all layers •<500mL of liquid in specimen collection container •If transporting specimens a long distance, send on dry ice. If transporting a short distance, ice is ...
... •Use absorbent material in all layers •<500mL of liquid in specimen collection container •If transporting specimens a long distance, send on dry ice. If transporting a short distance, ice is ...
Emerging viral infections in a rapidly changing world
... and severe atypical pneumonia in humans. This syndrome, named severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), became a global health problem within two months and prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to issue a global alert for the first time in more than a decade [2]. Most cases occurred in mainl ...
... and severe atypical pneumonia in humans. This syndrome, named severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), became a global health problem within two months and prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to issue a global alert for the first time in more than a decade [2]. Most cases occurred in mainl ...
Viruses
... In 1960s incidence was 1 in 2,000. Boys are more heavily affected than girls (4-5 X higher rates of autism). Symptoms: Loss of language, language delays, repetitive behaviors (stimming: hand flapping, running in circles, rocking), and social ...
... In 1960s incidence was 1 in 2,000. Boys are more heavily affected than girls (4-5 X higher rates of autism). Symptoms: Loss of language, language delays, repetitive behaviors (stimming: hand flapping, running in circles, rocking), and social ...
Viruses
... In 1960s incidence was 1 in 2,000. Boys are more heavily affected than girls (4-5 X higher rates of autism). Symptoms: Loss of language, language delays, repetitive behaviors (stimming: hand flapping, running in circles, rocking), and social ...
... In 1960s incidence was 1 in 2,000. Boys are more heavily affected than girls (4-5 X higher rates of autism). Symptoms: Loss of language, language delays, repetitive behaviors (stimming: hand flapping, running in circles, rocking), and social ...
Respiratory tract infections
... disease. When the larynx is involved, it can result in lifethreatening respiratory obstruction. • Anterior nasal diphtheria is a mild form of the disease if it occurs on its own, because the toxin is less well absorbed from this site, and a nasal discharge may be the main symptom. The patient will, ...
... disease. When the larynx is involved, it can result in lifethreatening respiratory obstruction. • Anterior nasal diphtheria is a mild form of the disease if it occurs on its own, because the toxin is less well absorbed from this site, and a nasal discharge may be the main symptom. The patient will, ...
Bird flu - European Lung Foundation
... H5N1 avian flu in humans is still a rare disease, but actions must to be taken to try and prevent it from being capable of producing a pandemic. However, as a pandemic is likely to happen at some point in the future it is essential that people are prepared. The following actions should be taken: •Sc ...
... H5N1 avian flu in humans is still a rare disease, but actions must to be taken to try and prevent it from being capable of producing a pandemic. However, as a pandemic is likely to happen at some point in the future it is essential that people are prepared. The following actions should be taken: •Sc ...
Appendix A: Disease-Specific Chapters
... 3.1 Clinical Presentation Influenza is an acute respiratory infection (ARI). Symptoms include, but are not limited to, new or worsening cough, shortness of breath, fever, sore throat, headache, myalgia, and lethargy. Infections in children may also be associated with some gastrointestinal symptoms s ...
... 3.1 Clinical Presentation Influenza is an acute respiratory infection (ARI). Symptoms include, but are not limited to, new or worsening cough, shortness of breath, fever, sore throat, headache, myalgia, and lethargy. Infections in children may also be associated with some gastrointestinal symptoms s ...
Health care workers must protect patients from influenza by
... • 1918-19. Spanish flu. May have originated in birds and pigs kept at at a hospitapl • camp in France. Killed 20 million +, mainly young (not so much the babies or elderly) • 1957-58. Asian flu. 70,000+ • 1968-69. Hong Kong flu. 35,000 • 1970s - 90s. 110,000 hospitalized in US per year, 20,000 in Ca ...
... • 1918-19. Spanish flu. May have originated in birds and pigs kept at at a hospitapl • camp in France. Killed 20 million +, mainly young (not so much the babies or elderly) • 1957-58. Asian flu. 70,000+ • 1968-69. Hong Kong flu. 35,000 • 1970s - 90s. 110,000 hospitalized in US per year, 20,000 in Ca ...
Pandemic Influenza (H1N1) - National Centre for Disease Control
... in the same way that regular seasonal influenza viruses spread, mainly through the coughs and sneezes of people who are sick with the virus, but it may also be spread by touching infected objects and then touching nose or mouth. Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 infection has been reported to cause a wide range ...
... in the same way that regular seasonal influenza viruses spread, mainly through the coughs and sneezes of people who are sick with the virus, but it may also be spread by touching infected objects and then touching nose or mouth. Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 infection has been reported to cause a wide range ...
clinical-evidence-brief
... However, vaccines are being developed. Studies to test a vaccine to protect humans against H5N1 virus began in April 2005, and a series of clinical trials is in progress. As a pandemic vaccine needs to be a close match to the actual pandemic virus, commercial production cannot begin prior to emergen ...
... However, vaccines are being developed. Studies to test a vaccine to protect humans against H5N1 virus began in April 2005, and a series of clinical trials is in progress. As a pandemic vaccine needs to be a close match to the actual pandemic virus, commercial production cannot begin prior to emergen ...
OSTRICH VIRAL DISEASES 2000-2004 References from the
... Salmonella Gallinarum and S. Pullorum are unknown in ostriches. Pasteurella multocida occurs but is easily contained with antibiotics. Mycoplasma spp. are regularly found in an upper respiratory disease syndrome complicated by opportunistic bacterial pathogens. Ostriches of all ages are susceptible ...
... Salmonella Gallinarum and S. Pullorum are unknown in ostriches. Pasteurella multocida occurs but is easily contained with antibiotics. Mycoplasma spp. are regularly found in an upper respiratory disease syndrome complicated by opportunistic bacterial pathogens. Ostriches of all ages are susceptible ...
powerpoint slides from this talk.
... The hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) are the major viral surface proteins that play an important role in virulence ...
... The hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) are the major viral surface proteins that play an important role in virulence ...
Influenza and Community-acquired Pneumonia Interactions: The
... response, invade the lung, and cause pneumonia. Although it is assumed that bacteria that colonize the nasopharynx frequently enter the lungs, the host immune response is usually sufficient to prevent infection. The introduction of influenza primes the lungs for bacterial colonization and adversely ...
... response, invade the lung, and cause pneumonia. Although it is assumed that bacteria that colonize the nasopharynx frequently enter the lungs, the host immune response is usually sufficient to prevent infection. The introduction of influenza primes the lungs for bacterial colonization and adversely ...
Persistent infection
... some viral particles. It is acquired during viral maturation by a budding process through a cellular membrane. Virion – The complete viral particle, which in some viruses may be identical with nucleocapsid. In more complex virions, this includes the nucleocapsid plus a surrounding envelope. The vir ...
... some viral particles. It is acquired during viral maturation by a budding process through a cellular membrane. Virion – The complete viral particle, which in some viruses may be identical with nucleocapsid. In more complex virions, this includes the nucleocapsid plus a surrounding envelope. The vir ...
Public Health 101
... Bird-to-bird transmission via: Fecal material Saliva Nasal & respiratory secretions ...
... Bird-to-bird transmission via: Fecal material Saliva Nasal & respiratory secretions ...
Consumer Immunisation in pregnancy leaflet (PDF
... How does the vaccine work? After receiving the pertussis vaccine, your body makes protective antibodies (proteins produced by the body to fight off diseases). These antibodies pass through your placenta to your baby and protect him/her against whooping cough in early life. Your protective antibodies ...
... How does the vaccine work? After receiving the pertussis vaccine, your body makes protective antibodies (proteins produced by the body to fight off diseases). These antibodies pass through your placenta to your baby and protect him/her against whooping cough in early life. Your protective antibodies ...
Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in
... Antigenic characteristics of A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses were assessed with post-infection ferret antisera in haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays, which indicated that almost all recent A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses were antigenically indistinguishable from the vaccine viruses A/California/7/2009 and A/Michiga ...
... Antigenic characteristics of A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses were assessed with post-infection ferret antisera in haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays, which indicated that almost all recent A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses were antigenically indistinguishable from the vaccine viruses A/California/7/2009 and A/Michiga ...
An upper respiratory tract infection
... • There is currently no known treatment that shortens the duration; however, symptoms usually resolve spontaneously in 7 to 10 days, with some symptoms possibly lasting for up to three weeks. • Collectively, colds and other upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) with similar symptoms are include ...
... • There is currently no known treatment that shortens the duration; however, symptoms usually resolve spontaneously in 7 to 10 days, with some symptoms possibly lasting for up to three weeks. • Collectively, colds and other upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) with similar symptoms are include ...
Influenza
... pandemic was in 2009/ 2010, caused by H1N1 (2009) virus. Most seasonal influenza is caused by Type A. Influenza B viruses only infect humans and seals. This limited host range is likely to be the reason for the lack of Influenza B virus -caused pandemics. Mutations rarely occur in influenza B. Type ...
... pandemic was in 2009/ 2010, caused by H1N1 (2009) virus. Most seasonal influenza is caused by Type A. Influenza B viruses only infect humans and seals. This limited host range is likely to be the reason for the lack of Influenza B virus -caused pandemics. Mutations rarely occur in influenza B. Type ...
2009 Influenza A & Building’s Indoor Air
... Scientists from the Prestigious RAND Center for Domestic and International Health Security state that the Swine Flu Virus is Airborne “Experience from seasonal influenza also provides evidence of contact, droplet and aerosol transmission of influenza that lend support for N95 respirators, which are ...
... Scientists from the Prestigious RAND Center for Domestic and International Health Security state that the Swine Flu Virus is Airborne “Experience from seasonal influenza also provides evidence of contact, droplet and aerosol transmission of influenza that lend support for N95 respirators, which are ...
Influenza Update N° 285
... Influenza activity in the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere appeared to decrease. Influenza activity in many countries especially in East Asia and Europe already peaked. Worldwide, influenza A(H3N2) virus was predominant. In South Asia influenza activity with mainly H1N1 has been increasing. ...
... Influenza activity in the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere appeared to decrease. Influenza activity in many countries especially in East Asia and Europe already peaked. Worldwide, influenza A(H3N2) virus was predominant. In South Asia influenza activity with mainly H1N1 has been increasing. ...
Health Trends of Communicable Diseases
... STIs raise public health concerns because of the profound consequences of these infections on sexual and reproductive health. During pregnancy, syphilis leads to foetal/neonatal deaths, prematurity, low birth weight or congenital disease. As for gonorrhoea and chlamydia, they represent an important ...
... STIs raise public health concerns because of the profound consequences of these infections on sexual and reproductive health. During pregnancy, syphilis leads to foetal/neonatal deaths, prematurity, low birth weight or congenital disease. As for gonorrhoea and chlamydia, they represent an important ...
Summary Results of Western North Carolina
... who did not see patients for at least 8 hours per week. Providers who did not see patients with influenza-like illness between the period of October 2008 and April 2009 were redirected to other questions and were included in the final analysis. The majority of the respondents were MDs (48.3%) and nu ...
... who did not see patients for at least 8 hours per week. Providers who did not see patients with influenza-like illness between the period of October 2008 and April 2009 were redirected to other questions and were included in the final analysis. The majority of the respondents were MDs (48.3%) and nu ...
Influenza
Influenza, commonly known as ""the flu"", is an infectious disease caused by the influenza virus. Symptoms can be mild to severe. The most common symptoms include: a high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains, headache, coughing, and feeling tired. These symptoms typically begin two days after exposure to the virus and most last less than a week. The cough, however, may last for more than two weeks. In children there may be nausea and vomiting but these are not common in adults. Nausea and vomiting occur more commonly in the unrelated infection gastroenteritis, which is sometimes inaccurately referred to as ""stomach flu"" or ""24-hour flu"". Complications of influenza may include viral pneumonia, secondary bacterial pneumonia, sinus infections, and worsening of previous health problems such as asthma or heart failure.Three types of influenza affect people. Usually, the virus is spread through the air from coughs or sneezes. This is believed to occur mostly over relatively short distances. It can also be spread by touching surfaces contaminated by the virus and then touching the mouth or eyes. A person may be infectious to others both before and during the time they are sick. The infection may be confirmed by testing the throat, sputum, or nose for the virus. A number of rapid tests are available; however, people may still have the infection if the results are negative. A type of polymerase chain reaction that detects the virus's RNA is more accurate.Frequent hand washing reduces the risk of infection because the virus is inactivated by soap. Wearing a surgical mask is also useful. Yearly vaccinations against influenza are recommended by the World Health Organization for those at high risk. The vaccine is usually effective against three or four types of influenza. It is usually well tolerated. A vaccine made for one year may not be useful in the following year, since the virus evolves rapidly. Antiviral drugs such as the neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir among others have been used to treat influenza. Their benefits in those who are otherwise healthy do not appear to be greater than their risks. No benefit has been found in those with other health problems.Influenza spreads around the world in a yearly outbreak, resulting in about three to five million cases of severe illness and about 250,000 to 500,000 deaths. In the Northern and Southern parts of the world outbreaks occur mainly in winter while in areas around the equator outbreaks may occur at any time of the year. Death occurs mostly in the young, the old and those with other health problems. Larger outbreaks known as pandemics are less frequent. In the 20th century three influenza pandemics occurred: Spanish influenza in 1918, Asian influenza in 1958, and Hong Kong influenza in 1968, each resulting in more than a million deaths. The World Health Organization declared an outbreak of a new type of influenza A/H1N1 to be a pandemic in June 2009. Influenza may also affect other animals, including pigs, horses and birds.