Structure and mechanism of ATP-dependent phospholipid transporters
... Fig. 1. General structure of ABC transporters and P-type ATPases. (A) Secondary structure of ABC transporters. The ABC transporter exists both as a monomer full transporter and as a dimer consisting of two half transporters. In either case, this type of transporter contains two transmembrane domains ...
... Fig. 1. General structure of ABC transporters and P-type ATPases. (A) Secondary structure of ABC transporters. The ABC transporter exists both as a monomer full transporter and as a dimer consisting of two half transporters. In either case, this type of transporter contains two transmembrane domains ...
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... compartments—the membrane-bound capsules that isolate the working components from external factors just as living cells compartmentalize themselves with lipid membranes. This article provides an overview of protocell technology, moving from what is currently known to suggesting how novel application ...
... compartments—the membrane-bound capsules that isolate the working components from external factors just as living cells compartmentalize themselves with lipid membranes. This article provides an overview of protocell technology, moving from what is currently known to suggesting how novel application ...
articles
... he prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria drives the quest for new antimicrobials, including those that are not expected to readily engender resistance. One option is to mimic Nature’s most ubiquitous means of controlling bacterial growth, antimicrobial peptides, which have evolved over eons. In gene ...
... he prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria drives the quest for new antimicrobials, including those that are not expected to readily engender resistance. One option is to mimic Nature’s most ubiquitous means of controlling bacterial growth, antimicrobial peptides, which have evolved over eons. In gene ...
Presence of exposed phospholipids in the outer membrane of Vibrio
... followed by suspension and shaking for 30 min in fresh growth media containing 0.05 % glycerol. The cell suspension in 50 mwborate buffer (pH 8.5) was divided into two parts, 0.1 M-ethanolamine was added to the control tube at 0 min and the coupling reaction was initiated in the other tube with fres ...
... followed by suspension and shaking for 30 min in fresh growth media containing 0.05 % glycerol. The cell suspension in 50 mwborate buffer (pH 8.5) was divided into two parts, 0.1 M-ethanolamine was added to the control tube at 0 min and the coupling reaction was initiated in the other tube with fres ...
Interplay Between Phospholipids and
... foundation for the rigidity of well-watered plants. 2.3 The plasma membrane The plasma membrane is the cell’s outer membrane, it controls when and how molecules and signals are transported and propagated into and out of the cell. All solutes taken up by the cell must be actively or passively transpo ...
... foundation for the rigidity of well-watered plants. 2.3 The plasma membrane The plasma membrane is the cell’s outer membrane, it controls when and how molecules and signals are transported and propagated into and out of the cell. All solutes taken up by the cell must be actively or passively transpo ...
Vipp1: a very important protein in plastids?!
... appears to be peripherally associated with the cytoplasmic membrane of bacterial cells (Brissette et al., 1990; Cserzo et al., 1997; Kobayashi et al., 2007). As the most abundant protein and primary effector of the Psp response, PspA is responsible for several phenotypes connected to this system (We ...
... appears to be peripherally associated with the cytoplasmic membrane of bacterial cells (Brissette et al., 1990; Cserzo et al., 1997; Kobayashi et al., 2007). As the most abundant protein and primary effector of the Psp response, PspA is responsible for several phenotypes connected to this system (We ...
What is new in tympanoplasty? - Romanian Journal of Rhinology
... Furthermore, a 3D printer offers an easy and quick way to obtain tympanic grafts. Another advantage is that they will be available in unlimited quantities. An important fact, especially for women, is that artificial grafts cause no cosmetic changes in the ear. Limitations of the 3D printed graft are ...
... Furthermore, a 3D printer offers an easy and quick way to obtain tympanic grafts. Another advantage is that they will be available in unlimited quantities. An important fact, especially for women, is that artificial grafts cause no cosmetic changes in the ear. Limitations of the 3D printed graft are ...
Volume 1, Issue 1 - The Pharma Innovation
... and line up to form a surface facing the water. The tails are repelled by water, and line up to form a surface away from the water. In a cell, one layer of heads faces outside of the cell, attracted to the water in the environment. Another layer of heads faces inside the cell, attraced by the water ...
... and line up to form a surface facing the water. The tails are repelled by water, and line up to form a surface away from the water. In a cell, one layer of heads faces outside of the cell, attracted to the water in the environment. Another layer of heads faces inside the cell, attraced by the water ...
Dynamin and the Actin Cytoskeleton Cooperatively Regulate
... (A) Negative staining electron microscopy. Upper panels: Liposomes were incubated with recombinant F-BAR-containing proteins or their isolated F-BAR domains. Lower panels: Liposomes were incubated either with FBP17 or with dynamin alone, or with both proteins together, as indicated. The presence of ...
... (A) Negative staining electron microscopy. Upper panels: Liposomes were incubated with recombinant F-BAR-containing proteins or their isolated F-BAR domains. Lower panels: Liposomes were incubated either with FBP17 or with dynamin alone, or with both proteins together, as indicated. The presence of ...
Plasma membrane microdomains from hybrid aspen cells are
... Lipid rafts are ordered plasma membrane sub-domains that are enriched in sterols, sphingolipids, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored proteins and proteins covalently modified by lipids carrying long saturated acyl chains [1-4]. A considerable amount of evidence supports their involvement in ...
... Lipid rafts are ordered plasma membrane sub-domains that are enriched in sterols, sphingolipids, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored proteins and proteins covalently modified by lipids carrying long saturated acyl chains [1-4]. A considerable amount of evidence supports their involvement in ...
Liposomes Types, Mechanism,Sizing and Preparation
... • This method also overcomes the stability problems of liposomes encountered during the storage of dispersion, dry or frozen form. • It is ideally suited for preparations where the material incorporates into lipid membrane. • The method is applicable in cases where 100% entrapment of components is n ...
... • This method also overcomes the stability problems of liposomes encountered during the storage of dispersion, dry or frozen form. • It is ideally suited for preparations where the material incorporates into lipid membrane. • The method is applicable in cases where 100% entrapment of components is n ...
Cholesterol and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
... empirical formula. The 1926 Nobel prize in Chemistry was awarded to Heinrich Wieland for his work on the structure of cholesterol and bile acids – although the tetracyclic ring structure as we know it today was proposed by Wieland only in 1932 [20]. It took the two subsequent decades to clarify the ...
... empirical formula. The 1926 Nobel prize in Chemistry was awarded to Heinrich Wieland for his work on the structure of cholesterol and bile acids – although the tetracyclic ring structure as we know it today was proposed by Wieland only in 1932 [20]. It took the two subsequent decades to clarify the ...
tethering redox proteins to the outer membrane in Neisseria and
... from the surface of the inner leaflet of the outer membrane. Hong et al. [18] showed that the Laz protein or a GST (glutathione transferase) fused to the signal peptide plus Nterminal LCR of Laz enables the globular azurin–GST to be surface-exposed in Neisseria (or indeed on expression in E. coli). ...
... from the surface of the inner leaflet of the outer membrane. Hong et al. [18] showed that the Laz protein or a GST (glutathione transferase) fused to the signal peptide plus Nterminal LCR of Laz enables the globular azurin–GST to be surface-exposed in Neisseria (or indeed on expression in E. coli). ...
A cellular backline: specialization of host membranes for defence
... the extracellular environment. As such, the lipid bilayer acts as a scaffold that targets and delivers defence responses to the site of attack. During pathogen infection, numerous changes in plasma membrane composition, organization, and structure occur. There is increasing evidence that this facili ...
... the extracellular environment. As such, the lipid bilayer acts as a scaffold that targets and delivers defence responses to the site of attack. During pathogen infection, numerous changes in plasma membrane composition, organization, and structure occur. There is increasing evidence that this facili ...
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... albumin from in and below the basement membrane was generally correlated with negative precipitin tests for these proteins in the foetal blood, but egg albumin was sometimes detected in low titre when there was no evidence for its transmission to the vitelline vessels. However, all conjugates were r ...
... albumin from in and below the basement membrane was generally correlated with negative precipitin tests for these proteins in the foetal blood, but egg albumin was sometimes detected in low titre when there was no evidence for its transmission to the vitelline vessels. However, all conjugates were r ...
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... Holthuis, Joost C. M., Thomas Pomorski, René J. Raggers, Hein Sprong, and Gerrit van Meer. The Organizing Potential of Sphingolipids in Intracellular Membrane Transport. Physiol Rev 81: 1689 –1723, 2001.— Eukaryotes are characterized by endomembranes that are connected by vesicular transport along ...
... Holthuis, Joost C. M., Thomas Pomorski, René J. Raggers, Hein Sprong, and Gerrit van Meer. The Organizing Potential of Sphingolipids in Intracellular Membrane Transport. Physiol Rev 81: 1689 –1723, 2001.— Eukaryotes are characterized by endomembranes that are connected by vesicular transport along ...
Stockholm University
... since residues responsible for e.g. catalysis or substrate binding, are often buried in the protein interior [11], while residues involved in protein-protein-interactions occur on solvent exposed sites. For water-soluble proteins many methods for predicting the accessibility have been developed [12] ...
... since residues responsible for e.g. catalysis or substrate binding, are often buried in the protein interior [11], while residues involved in protein-protein-interactions occur on solvent exposed sites. For water-soluble proteins many methods for predicting the accessibility have been developed [12] ...
Chemical Microscopy Applied to Biological Systems
... stands out the most for its definition of excitation volume, which occurs only at regions where the photon density is high; this makes the technique less susceptible to out-of-focus emission, resulting in both higher resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (5). Sánchez and Gratton used two-photon fluo ...
... stands out the most for its definition of excitation volume, which occurs only at regions where the photon density is high; this makes the technique less susceptible to out-of-focus emission, resulting in both higher resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (5). Sánchez and Gratton used two-photon fluo ...
ARF1 and SAR1 GTPases in Endomembrane Trafficking in Plants
... and colleagues [18] demonstrated that retrograde trafficking-directed Golgi enzymes are more likely than anterograde cargo to be found in peri-Golgi vesicles by double-labeling experiments in the mammalian system. It was also established in the same system that COPI proteins are involved in transpor ...
... and colleagues [18] demonstrated that retrograde trafficking-directed Golgi enzymes are more likely than anterograde cargo to be found in peri-Golgi vesicles by double-labeling experiments in the mammalian system. It was also established in the same system that COPI proteins are involved in transpor ...
Bio1A - Lec 6 slides File
... • built as a twisted double chain of actin subunits • structural role - to bear tension, resisting pulling forces within the cell ...
... • built as a twisted double chain of actin subunits • structural role - to bear tension, resisting pulling forces within the cell ...
Cell Processes
... If the bag is permeable to starch, which way would the starch move? Out of the bag If the bag is permeable to iodine, which way would the iodine move? Into the bag Make a prediction about what you think will happen. Is the starch going to move out of the bag?????? Is the iodine going to mo ...
... If the bag is permeable to starch, which way would the starch move? Out of the bag If the bag is permeable to iodine, which way would the iodine move? Into the bag Make a prediction about what you think will happen. Is the starch going to move out of the bag?????? Is the iodine going to mo ...
Interactions of liposomes and lipid-based carrier systems with blood
... PB values have turned out to be very useful in assessing the relation between the surface adsorption properties and the clearance behavior of liposomes. Our studies to date indicate that there is an inverse relationship between PB values and the circulation half-lives of liposomes. In particular, li ...
... PB values have turned out to be very useful in assessing the relation between the surface adsorption properties and the clearance behavior of liposomes. Our studies to date indicate that there is an inverse relationship between PB values and the circulation half-lives of liposomes. In particular, li ...
Divalent Cation-Dependent Formation of
... typically compensated by adjusting the dielectric constant (see, e.g., Marrink et al. (26)). To find the required correction, we compare the PIP2 charge required for clustering as calculated from the numerical model and as measured in our experiments, at PIP2 fraction fPIP ¼ 0.25. Experimentally we ...
... typically compensated by adjusting the dielectric constant (see, e.g., Marrink et al. (26)). To find the required correction, we compare the PIP2 charge required for clustering as calculated from the numerical model and as measured in our experiments, at PIP2 fraction fPIP ¼ 0.25. Experimentally we ...
Model lipid bilayer
A model lipid bilayer is any bilayer assembled in vitro, as opposed to the bilayer of natural cell membranes or covering various sub-cellular structures like the nucleus. A model bilayer can be made with either synthetic or natural lipids. The simplest model systems contain only a single pure synthetic lipid. More physiologically relevant model bilayers can be made with mixtures of several synthetic or natural lipids.There are many different types of model bilayers, each having experimental advantages and disadvantages. The first system developed was the black lipid membrane or “painted” bilayer, which allows simple electrical characterization of bilayers but is short-lived and can be difficult to work with. Supported bilayers are anchored to a solid substrate, increasing stability and allowing the use of characterization tools not possible in bulk solution. These advantages come at the cost of unwanted substrate interactions which can denature membrane proteins.