Expansion of the phragmoplast during plant cytokinesis: a MAPK
... (MAPK) cascade in the regulation of such a coupling mechanism [36–38,39••]. The MAPK cascade is a signaling pathway that is conserved in all eukaryotes and that consists of members of three protein kinase families. In their respective order in the signaling cascade, they are the MAPK kinase kinase ( ...
... (MAPK) cascade in the regulation of such a coupling mechanism [36–38,39••]. The MAPK cascade is a signaling pathway that is conserved in all eukaryotes and that consists of members of three protein kinase families. In their respective order in the signaling cascade, they are the MAPK kinase kinase ( ...
Provisional PDF - BioMed Central
... as Nova1, RBFox1 and nPTB, and their targets, have been identified in neural tissues and cells [5-7]. Many isoforms produced by alternative splicing have distinctly different functions, and play important biological roles [8,9]. Therefore, it is important to determine critical alternative splicing n ...
... as Nova1, RBFox1 and nPTB, and their targets, have been identified in neural tissues and cells [5-7]. Many isoforms produced by alternative splicing have distinctly different functions, and play important biological roles [8,9]. Therefore, it is important to determine critical alternative splicing n ...
Multiple mediators of plant programmed cell death: interplay of
... including cytotoxic drugs and DNA damage, can trigger caspase activation via the intrinsic pathway, mediated by cytochrome c release from the mitochondria. Alternatively, ER stress can directly induce caspase activity. Once activated, caspases may process and activate downstream caspases that cleave ...
... including cytotoxic drugs and DNA damage, can trigger caspase activation via the intrinsic pathway, mediated by cytochrome c release from the mitochondria. Alternatively, ER stress can directly induce caspase activity. Once activated, caspases may process and activate downstream caspases that cleave ...
Marieb_ch3a - Miami Beach Senior High School
... Tissues are groups of cells that are similar in structure and function ...
... Tissues are groups of cells that are similar in structure and function ...
Projection Structure of a Plant Vacuole Membrane Aquaporin by
... 1997), a hypothesis supported by evidence that the rate of seed desiccation affects Phaseolus embryo ®tness and survival (Sanhewe & Ellis, 1996a,b). Immediately after germination, a-TIP may regulate the rehydration of PSVs, osmoregulate the cytoplasm during nutrient export from the PSVs, or adjust v ...
... 1997), a hypothesis supported by evidence that the rate of seed desiccation affects Phaseolus embryo ®tness and survival (Sanhewe & Ellis, 1996a,b). Immediately after germination, a-TIP may regulate the rehydration of PSVs, osmoregulate the cytoplasm during nutrient export from the PSVs, or adjust v ...
Exploring Bioinorganic Pattern Formation in Diatoms. A Story of
... Much of the biochemical studies of frustule composition have been done in the pennate diatom Cylindrotheca fusiformis (Kröger and Sumper, 1998). This work has led to the discovery of novel peptides known as silaffins that may participate in the basic biomineralization process within the SDV (Kröge ...
... Much of the biochemical studies of frustule composition have been done in the pennate diatom Cylindrotheca fusiformis (Kröger and Sumper, 1998). This work has led to the discovery of novel peptides known as silaffins that may participate in the basic biomineralization process within the SDV (Kröge ...
Restricted, canonical, stereotyped and convergent immunoglobulin
... It has long been appreciated that immunization of particular mouse strains with simple hapten antigens such as arsenate (Ars) [1–5] or 4-hydroxy-3nitrophenylacetyl (NP) [6–9] would induce canonical immunoglobulin responses; that is, responses that induce essentially identical immunoglobulins from di ...
... It has long been appreciated that immunization of particular mouse strains with simple hapten antigens such as arsenate (Ars) [1–5] or 4-hydroxy-3nitrophenylacetyl (NP) [6–9] would induce canonical immunoglobulin responses; that is, responses that induce essentially identical immunoglobulins from di ...
05. Amino acids, Protein
... А fibrous protein is а protein that has а long, thin, fibrous shape. Such proteins are made up of long rod-shaped or string-like molecules that can intertwine with one another and form strong fibers. They are water-insoluble and generally have structural functions within the human body. А globular p ...
... А fibrous protein is а protein that has а long, thin, fibrous shape. Such proteins are made up of long rod-shaped or string-like molecules that can intertwine with one another and form strong fibers. They are water-insoluble and generally have structural functions within the human body. А globular p ...
Chapter 12 Lecture Notes: Metabolism – Enzyme and Gene
... 1. Bacteria are extremely efficient organisms. It is wasteful to have all 1000 – 2000 metabolic pathways on at the same time. 2. During exponential growth all cellular components are synthesized at constant rates relative to one another (balanced growth). 3. Thus, the cell integrates signals regardi ...
... 1. Bacteria are extremely efficient organisms. It is wasteful to have all 1000 – 2000 metabolic pathways on at the same time. 2. During exponential growth all cellular components are synthesized at constant rates relative to one another (balanced growth). 3. Thus, the cell integrates signals regardi ...
Intrinsic Disorder in Cell-signaling and Cancer
... for EU_SW, and 13(^ 4)% for O_PDB_S25, with the errors estimated as described in Materials and Methods. Thus, , 1.6-fold and , 1.4-fold more of the HCAP and AfCS proteins, respectively, had predicted disordered regions of $ 30 consecutive residues as compared to the EU_SW proteins, while , 3.6-fold ...
... for EU_SW, and 13(^ 4)% for O_PDB_S25, with the errors estimated as described in Materials and Methods. Thus, , 1.6-fold and , 1.4-fold more of the HCAP and AfCS proteins, respectively, had predicted disordered regions of $ 30 consecutive residues as compared to the EU_SW proteins, while , 3.6-fold ...
View/Open - Oregon State University
... expert advice throughout this entire thesis project. Special thanks to Kevin Vergin, Sarah Sowell, Dr. Ulrich Stingl, and Jim Tripp for devoting so much of their time to helping me with this project. I would like to acknowledge my mentor, Dr. Steve Giovannoni, for providing such a great research opp ...
... expert advice throughout this entire thesis project. Special thanks to Kevin Vergin, Sarah Sowell, Dr. Ulrich Stingl, and Jim Tripp for devoting so much of their time to helping me with this project. I would like to acknowledge my mentor, Dr. Steve Giovannoni, for providing such a great research opp ...
... factor is located adjacent to a predicted σECF gene (BDI_1680) and a CSS receptor gene (BDI_1682), which strongly suggests that the resulting protein is, like FoxR, part of a CSS system. Indeed, although FoxR and BDI_1681 only show ~20% identity and ~43% similarity in the modelled region in both seq ...
Plasma membrane repair in plants
... membrane lesions [30]. These results led to further investigations demonstrating that freezing tolerance involved a Ca2+-dependent membrane resealing process that depends on SYT1 [22]. An independent study identified SYT1 from a genetic screen for Arabidopsis mutants showing hypersensitivity to salt ...
... membrane lesions [30]. These results led to further investigations demonstrating that freezing tolerance involved a Ca2+-dependent membrane resealing process that depends on SYT1 [22]. An independent study identified SYT1 from a genetic screen for Arabidopsis mutants showing hypersensitivity to salt ...
Revisiting the role of yeast Sfp1 in ribosome biogenesis and cell
... Cultures were fed with a defined mineral medium that limited growth by glucose or ethanol. The medium composition was based on that used by Verduyn et al. (1992). The concentration of substrate carbon in the reservoir medium was 250 mmol C l21 for ethanol-limited cultures and 830 mmol C l21 for gluc ...
... Cultures were fed with a defined mineral medium that limited growth by glucose or ethanol. The medium composition was based on that used by Verduyn et al. (1992). The concentration of substrate carbon in the reservoir medium was 250 mmol C l21 for ethanol-limited cultures and 830 mmol C l21 for gluc ...
Slide 1
... In the process called induction, signal molecules from embryonic cells cause transcriptional changes in nearby target cells Thus, interactions between cells induce differentiation of specialized cell types ...
... In the process called induction, signal molecules from embryonic cells cause transcriptional changes in nearby target cells Thus, interactions between cells induce differentiation of specialized cell types ...
Vacuole Membrane Protein 1 Is an Endoplasmic
... Vmp1 (named DupF in that analysis). Its absence in any fungi makes Dictyostelium the simplest genetically tractable model system to address its function. Dictyostelium is a eukaryotic microorganism used as a model to study basic cellular processes, including membrane traffic and the endocytic pathwa ...
... Vmp1 (named DupF in that analysis). Its absence in any fungi makes Dictyostelium the simplest genetically tractable model system to address its function. Dictyostelium is a eukaryotic microorganism used as a model to study basic cellular processes, including membrane traffic and the endocytic pathwa ...
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy
... membranes and dissociating it from Rho-GDI (guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors), and also that in spite of its homogeneous distribution in the cell, constitutively active Rac selectively interacts with effectors at specific regions of the cell edge (Pozo et al., 2002) (Fig. 1). The onset and ...
... membranes and dissociating it from Rho-GDI (guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors), and also that in spite of its homogeneous distribution in the cell, constitutively active Rac selectively interacts with effectors at specific regions of the cell edge (Pozo et al., 2002) (Fig. 1). The onset and ...
Plant and Soil
... A cDNA clone encoding a hexose transporter whose expression increases in cells containing arbuscules, as well as in adjacent cells, has been cloned in Medicago truncatula. Functional characterization of the protein encoded by this gene demonstrated its ability to take up glucose by a H+ symport proc ...
... A cDNA clone encoding a hexose transporter whose expression increases in cells containing arbuscules, as well as in adjacent cells, has been cloned in Medicago truncatula. Functional characterization of the protein encoded by this gene demonstrated its ability to take up glucose by a H+ symport proc ...
THE CELL
... • Tail - used for movement and attachment • Protein Coat - Protects DNA • Nucleic Acid - Virus information ...
... • Tail - used for movement and attachment • Protein Coat - Protects DNA • Nucleic Acid - Virus information ...
Early maternal deprivation immunologically primes
... programming later-life brain behaviour (Bilbo and Schwarz, 2009). The concept of immune priming, as the acquisition of a setting that emphasizes the immune response, has been exclusively applied to microglia because these are the immunocompetent cells of the CNS. Nevertheless, neuroimmune response i ...
... programming later-life brain behaviour (Bilbo and Schwarz, 2009). The concept of immune priming, as the acquisition of a setting that emphasizes the immune response, has been exclusively applied to microglia because these are the immunocompetent cells of the CNS. Nevertheless, neuroimmune response i ...
AMP-activated/SNF1 protein kinases: conserved guardians of
... lian kinases are activated by AMP in two ways. First, the kinase activity that resides in the α-subunit is stimulated by the binding of AMP to the γ-subunit. Second, AMP binding to the γ-subunit also promotes phosphoryla tion of a Thr residue within the kinase domain (Thr172 in the rat α-subunits), ...
... lian kinases are activated by AMP in two ways. First, the kinase activity that resides in the α-subunit is stimulated by the binding of AMP to the γ-subunit. Second, AMP binding to the γ-subunit also promotes phosphoryla tion of a Thr residue within the kinase domain (Thr172 in the rat α-subunits), ...
Tutorial Vm
... 1. Assume permeability for Na is 1/100 of permeability for K, and permeability of Cl is 0 2. Assume [K]in= 140, [K]out=5 [Na]in =10, [Na]out=120 ...
... 1. Assume permeability for Na is 1/100 of permeability for K, and permeability of Cl is 0 2. Assume [K]in= 140, [K]out=5 [Na]in =10, [Na]out=120 ...
06. Euglena Notes
... located on the anterior (front) end, and twirls in such a way as to pull the cell through the water. It is attached at an inward pocket called the reservoir. Color the reservoir grey and the flagellum black. The Euglena is unique in that it is both heterotrophic (must consume food) and autotrophic ( ...
... located on the anterior (front) end, and twirls in such a way as to pull the cell through the water. It is attached at an inward pocket called the reservoir. Color the reservoir grey and the flagellum black. The Euglena is unique in that it is both heterotrophic (must consume food) and autotrophic ( ...
File
... ATP is very important as it acts as the link between catabolic energy releasing reactions (e.g. respiration) and anabolic energy-consuming reactions (e.g. protein synthesis) ...
... ATP is very important as it acts as the link between catabolic energy releasing reactions (e.g. respiration) and anabolic energy-consuming reactions (e.g. protein synthesis) ...
Tyrosine phosphorylation of the BRI1 receptor kinase occurs via a
... In metazoans, receptor kinases control many essential processes related to growth and development and response to the environment. The receptor kinases in plants and animals are structurally similar but evolutionarily distinct and thus while most animal receptor kinases are tyrosine kinases the plan ...
... In metazoans, receptor kinases control many essential processes related to growth and development and response to the environment. The receptor kinases in plants and animals are structurally similar but evolutionarily distinct and thus while most animal receptor kinases are tyrosine kinases the plan ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.