Supporting online material for Elowitz et al. report
... (M22 and D22, Table 1) were measured and subjected to a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. In both cases, the individual normalized distributions for CFP and YFP were consistent with the null hypothesis, that they were both sampled from the same underlying distribution (P=0.71 and 0.68, respectively). To chec ...
... (M22 and D22, Table 1) were measured and subjected to a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. In both cases, the individual normalized distributions for CFP and YFP were consistent with the null hypothesis, that they were both sampled from the same underlying distribution (P=0.71 and 0.68, respectively). To chec ...
Conjugation High-frequency recombination cell
... express the genes needed for plasmid transfer unless there is a suitable recipient in the vicinity. Not only does this reduce the metabolic load on the cell but it also means that they are not expressing surface antigens (such as conjugative pili) that could be recognized by the host immune system. ...
... express the genes needed for plasmid transfer unless there is a suitable recipient in the vicinity. Not only does this reduce the metabolic load on the cell but it also means that they are not expressing surface antigens (such as conjugative pili) that could be recognized by the host immune system. ...
Mumps Virus-induced Alterations in Cellular Excitability During
... therefore, was done by a computer using a K-means clustering algorithm (Engleman & Hartigan, 1985; Hartigan, 1975) with the three SEAP parameters as the basis of partitioning. PC- 12 cells from MI cultures exhibited a variety of transmembrane voltage profiles (Fig. 1a to c). The greater proportion o ...
... therefore, was done by a computer using a K-means clustering algorithm (Engleman & Hartigan, 1985; Hartigan, 1975) with the three SEAP parameters as the basis of partitioning. PC- 12 cells from MI cultures exhibited a variety of transmembrane voltage profiles (Fig. 1a to c). The greater proportion o ...
study of cytological method and genetic
... The next stage took place after the development of genetics in the early 20th century, when it was appreciated that the set of chromosomes (the karyotype) was the carrier of the genes. Levitsky seems to have been the first to define the karyotype as the phenotypic appearance of the somatic chromosom ...
... The next stage took place after the development of genetics in the early 20th century, when it was appreciated that the set of chromosomes (the karyotype) was the carrier of the genes. Levitsky seems to have been the first to define the karyotype as the phenotypic appearance of the somatic chromosom ...
Locomotion of Fundulus Deep Cells during Gastrulation1
... Good information on the distribution of adhesions of a rounded cell to the surfaces of other cells comes from other deep cells that appeared not to be moving, but whose locomotor activity was not actually known with certainty at the time of fixation, and from certain rounded cells adhering to other ...
... Good information on the distribution of adhesions of a rounded cell to the surfaces of other cells comes from other deep cells that appeared not to be moving, but whose locomotor activity was not actually known with certainty at the time of fixation, and from certain rounded cells adhering to other ...
Text - Tufts University
... Integral membrane proteins --- with nonpolar part that lies within the lipid bilayer. Some of these are transmembrane proteins that extend through the membrane and stick out at both surfaces. Others may have only one end sticking out of the surface. Still another type called multi-pass transmembrane ...
... Integral membrane proteins --- with nonpolar part that lies within the lipid bilayer. Some of these are transmembrane proteins that extend through the membrane and stick out at both surfaces. Others may have only one end sticking out of the surface. Still another type called multi-pass transmembrane ...
variability in individual cell cycles of saccharomyces cerevisiae
... why the daughter-cycle time is longer than the parent-cycle time. Since budding yeast cells divide asymmetrically, at division the parent cell is at or above critical size and the daughter cell is less than critical size and requires a period of growth before traversing start (Hartwell & Unger, 1977 ...
... why the daughter-cycle time is longer than the parent-cycle time. Since budding yeast cells divide asymmetrically, at division the parent cell is at or above critical size and the daughter cell is less than critical size and requires a period of growth before traversing start (Hartwell & Unger, 1977 ...
Limits to Cell Size
... Limits to Cell Size Background Cells are the basic units of life. When cells become damaged, or simply grow too old, and need to be replaced, they undergo division: mitosis and cytokinesis. Also, when an organism grows in size, it’s due to the replication and reproduction of cells. Large organisms a ...
... Limits to Cell Size Background Cells are the basic units of life. When cells become damaged, or simply grow too old, and need to be replaced, they undergo division: mitosis and cytokinesis. Also, when an organism grows in size, it’s due to the replication and reproduction of cells. Large organisms a ...
RNAi Screening Identifies the Armadillo Repeat
... tagging of the endogenous gene are easy to perform; this approach quickly provides insight into gene functions. As an additional tool for functional studies, we recently developed a conditional RNA interference (RNAi) system, in which a knockdown of a single or multiple homologous genes can be induc ...
... tagging of the endogenous gene are easy to perform; this approach quickly provides insight into gene functions. As an additional tool for functional studies, we recently developed a conditional RNA interference (RNAi) system, in which a knockdown of a single or multiple homologous genes can be induc ...
Molecular Pathways: Tumor Cells Co-opt the Brain
... influences a metabolic regulator in normal cells is not without precedent. Maddocks and Vousden (31) recently reviewed the growing literature on the role of p53 in metabolic regulation. In normal cells, p53 functions to suppress glycolysis and increase FAO and OXPHOS. Thus, perhaps in a manner paral ...
... influences a metabolic regulator in normal cells is not without precedent. Maddocks and Vousden (31) recently reviewed the growing literature on the role of p53 in metabolic regulation. In normal cells, p53 functions to suppress glycolysis and increase FAO and OXPHOS. Thus, perhaps in a manner paral ...
Interaction of the Fluorescent Dye 1-N
... In this study, the fluorescent dye NPN was also found to permeate heated cells, and possibly to concentrate in the cell membranes, as evidenced by a great increase in its fluorescence intensity. Although Gustafsson et al. (1973) reported that the initial rapid adsorption of a dye by some E. coli mut ...
... In this study, the fluorescent dye NPN was also found to permeate heated cells, and possibly to concentrate in the cell membranes, as evidenced by a great increase in its fluorescence intensity. Although Gustafsson et al. (1973) reported that the initial rapid adsorption of a dye by some E. coli mut ...
PDF Link
... marked with a unique identifier and all personal patient information is removed prior to transferring the samples to the university laboratory. Prior to imaging, the whole blood is diluted with Coulter LH series diluent (Beckman-Coulter) to a concentration of 0.2% whole blood in solution. This is th ...
... marked with a unique identifier and all personal patient information is removed prior to transferring the samples to the university laboratory. Prior to imaging, the whole blood is diluted with Coulter LH series diluent (Beckman-Coulter) to a concentration of 0.2% whole blood in solution. This is th ...
Biology 1C STUDY GUIDE #1
... What is autotrophy (photo and chemo)? Heterotrophy? Mixotrophy (can do both!) ...
... What is autotrophy (photo and chemo)? Heterotrophy? Mixotrophy (can do both!) ...
A-level Biology B Question paper Unit 1 - Core Principles
... (c) Lysozyme is an enzyme. A molecule of lysozyme is made up of 129 amino acid molecules joined together. In the formation of its active site, the two amino acids that are at positions 35 and 52 in the amino acid sequence need to be close together. (i) Name the bonds that join amino acids in the pri ...
... (c) Lysozyme is an enzyme. A molecule of lysozyme is made up of 129 amino acid molecules joined together. In the formation of its active site, the two amino acids that are at positions 35 and 52 in the amino acid sequence need to be close together. (i) Name the bonds that join amino acids in the pri ...
Regulation of multiple target genes by miR-1 and miR
... found in both plants and animals. In animals, miRNAs bind with imperfect complementarity to target sites that are typically found in the 39UTR of messenger RNAs. This results in inhibition of translation and in many cases transcript degradation (Carthew, 2006; Guo et al., 2010). Post-transcriptional ...
... found in both plants and animals. In animals, miRNAs bind with imperfect complementarity to target sites that are typically found in the 39UTR of messenger RNAs. This results in inhibition of translation and in many cases transcript degradation (Carthew, 2006; Guo et al., 2010). Post-transcriptional ...
Chapter 2: Basic Biological Principles Lesson 2.2: Structural and
... processes, a cell must be able to quickly pass substances into and out of the cell. For example, it must be able to pass nutrients and oxygen into the cell and waste products out of the cell. Anything that enters or leaves a cell must cross its outer surface. It is this need to pass substances acros ...
... processes, a cell must be able to quickly pass substances into and out of the cell. For example, it must be able to pass nutrients and oxygen into the cell and waste products out of the cell. Anything that enters or leaves a cell must cross its outer surface. It is this need to pass substances acros ...
Cell Transport and Homeostasis PowerPoint
... A group of organs that work together to perform a specific function is called an organ system. For example, the stomach, pancreas, and intestines work together as the digestive system. ...
... A group of organs that work together to perform a specific function is called an organ system. For example, the stomach, pancreas, and intestines work together as the digestive system. ...
Histone H3 Phosphorylation Is Coupled to Poly-(ADP
... consequences of such interactions, are important fundamental goals of biomedical research. Renal proximal tubule epithelial cells are particularly sensitive to oxidant-mediated injury. Using a well-established in vitro model of renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (LLC-PK1), we have shown that tre ...
... consequences of such interactions, are important fundamental goals of biomedical research. Renal proximal tubule epithelial cells are particularly sensitive to oxidant-mediated injury. Using a well-established in vitro model of renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (LLC-PK1), we have shown that tre ...
Nuclear functions in space and time: Gene
... Within the nucleus, DNA is highly packaged through its association with histone proteins to form nucleosomes, which in turn are further compacted into higher order structures (see Fig. 1A). The complex of DNA with histones and other associated proteins is termed ‘‘chromatin’’. The formation of chrom ...
... Within the nucleus, DNA is highly packaged through its association with histone proteins to form nucleosomes, which in turn are further compacted into higher order structures (see Fig. 1A). The complex of DNA with histones and other associated proteins is termed ‘‘chromatin’’. The formation of chrom ...
CVI Accepts, published online ahead of print on 8 November... Clin. Vaccine Immunol. doi:10.1128/CVI.00296-06
... granuloma formation (10, 24). Two components of C. neoformans that are important for adhesion to human type II alveolar epithelial cells are phospholipase B (8) and ...
... granuloma formation (10, 24). Two components of C. neoformans that are important for adhesion to human type II alveolar epithelial cells are phospholipase B (8) and ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.