Introduction to Cell fate and plasticity Introduction, fate maps
... concentrations, only the high-affinity sites are occupied, and only the gene with high-affinity sites is expressed. Based on Ashe & Briscoe (2006). (b) The ventral-to-dorsal nuclear Dorsal gradient ( green) in Drosophila embryos is illustrated in a cross section. The expression domains of the Dorsal ...
... concentrations, only the high-affinity sites are occupied, and only the gene with high-affinity sites is expressed. Based on Ashe & Briscoe (2006). (b) The ventral-to-dorsal nuclear Dorsal gradient ( green) in Drosophila embryos is illustrated in a cross section. The expression domains of the Dorsal ...
Chapter 1
... A group of similar cells that do the same job in an organism is a called a tissue (TISH•ew). Both plants and animals have tissues. Muscle cells in your legs make up muscle tissue, which allows you to move your legs. Other kinds of tissues in an animal’s body include blood, nerves, bone, and skin. On ...
... A group of similar cells that do the same job in an organism is a called a tissue (TISH•ew). Both plants and animals have tissues. Muscle cells in your legs make up muscle tissue, which allows you to move your legs. Other kinds of tissues in an animal’s body include blood, nerves, bone, and skin. On ...
Snapping magnetosome chains by asymmetric cell division in
... interest. Unlike other microorganisms, magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) form internal magnets (known as magnetosome chain) for magnetic orientation, and thus face an additional challenge of dividing and equipartitioning this magnetic receptor to their daughter cells. Although MTB have been investigated ...
... interest. Unlike other microorganisms, magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) form internal magnets (known as magnetosome chain) for magnetic orientation, and thus face an additional challenge of dividing and equipartitioning this magnetic receptor to their daughter cells. Although MTB have been investigated ...
Lysosomal enzymes in the macronucleus of Tetrahymena
... dying nuclei while cells still are alive, the data suggested that apoptotic nuclei were becoming acidic, like lysosomal bodies. A number of studies have suggested an important role for acidification in apoptosis.11 ± 13 In this system, acidification of the macronucleus might be related to its apopto ...
... dying nuclei while cells still are alive, the data suggested that apoptotic nuclei were becoming acidic, like lysosomal bodies. A number of studies have suggested an important role for acidification in apoptosis.11 ± 13 In this system, acidification of the macronucleus might be related to its apopto ...
Bio 226: Cell and Molecular Biology
... Can we get plants to make diesel, H2 (g) or electricity? 2. Climate/CO2 change How will plants be affected? Can we use plants to help alleviate it? 3. Stress responses/stress avoidance Structural Biochemical (including C3 vs C4 vs CAM) Other (dormancy, carnivory, etc) 4. Plant products 5. Improving ...
... Can we get plants to make diesel, H2 (g) or electricity? 2. Climate/CO2 change How will plants be affected? Can we use plants to help alleviate it? 3. Stress responses/stress avoidance Structural Biochemical (including C3 vs C4 vs CAM) Other (dormancy, carnivory, etc) 4. Plant products 5. Improving ...
Self-Replication Mechanism by Means of Self
... Our new platform will therefore logically allow for cellular development and self-repair. The idea behind these two concepts is to let the reconfigurable part of the chip selforganize, and to potentially support fault-tolerance mechanisms. The developmental features of a cellular organism basically ...
... Our new platform will therefore logically allow for cellular development and self-repair. The idea behind these two concepts is to let the reconfigurable part of the chip selforganize, and to potentially support fault-tolerance mechanisms. The developmental features of a cellular organism basically ...
Gepstein Oren Caspi, Irit Huber, Amira Gepstein, Gil Arbel, Leonid
... arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. We aimed to establish a patient-/disease-specific human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) model of ARVC. Methods and Results—Dermal fibroblasts were obtained from 2 patients with ARVC with plakophilin-2 (PKP2) mutations, reprogrammed to generate hiPSCs, coax ...
... arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. We aimed to establish a patient-/disease-specific human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) model of ARVC. Methods and Results—Dermal fibroblasts were obtained from 2 patients with ARVC with plakophilin-2 (PKP2) mutations, reprogrammed to generate hiPSCs, coax ...
MCAS Review - Pittsfield Public Schools
... functions described in part (B). • C.) The structure of the cell membrane allows it to perform its functions. The lipid bilayer forms a strong flexible barrier between the cell and its surroundings which repels water and large molecules. The protein molecules embedded in the bilayer act as channels ...
... functions described in part (B). • C.) The structure of the cell membrane allows it to perform its functions. The lipid bilayer forms a strong flexible barrier between the cell and its surroundings which repels water and large molecules. The protein molecules embedded in the bilayer act as channels ...
- Horizon Discovery
... NanoLuc® luciferase is a novel, small, bright luciferase reporter. It is one third the size and 100 times brighter than the most commonly used luciferase, firefly. These features enable the development of homogenous assays for primary and secondary screening, reporting on pathways via the endogenous ...
... NanoLuc® luciferase is a novel, small, bright luciferase reporter. It is one third the size and 100 times brighter than the most commonly used luciferase, firefly. These features enable the development of homogenous assays for primary and secondary screening, reporting on pathways via the endogenous ...
1 Collaborative Control of Cell Cycle Progression by the
... elevated Ras activity, apparently by accelerating cells through G2/M even though each insult by itself delays G2/M. Additionally, we find that dis3 and ras genetically interact in worms and that dis3 can enhance cell proliferation under growth stimulatory conditions in murine B cells. Thus, reductio ...
... elevated Ras activity, apparently by accelerating cells through G2/M even though each insult by itself delays G2/M. Additionally, we find that dis3 and ras genetically interact in worms and that dis3 can enhance cell proliferation under growth stimulatory conditions in murine B cells. Thus, reductio ...
Bacterial_Pathogenesis_-_Frank_Lam
... lungs which can cause sinusitis, otitis and pneumonia, although this is not common • S. pyogenes can also enter the bloodstream via bacteremia and infect the meninges • Entry into the bloodstream can also ...
... lungs which can cause sinusitis, otitis and pneumonia, although this is not common • S. pyogenes can also enter the bloodstream via bacteremia and infect the meninges • Entry into the bloodstream can also ...
Living Cells: Structure, Function and Diversity”
... Two major cytoskeletal components are microtubules (MTs) and actin microfilaments. These filamentous organelles are different chemically and in appearance under the TEM; they have different, but sometimes overlapping functions. For a comparative discussion, see Mitchison (1992). MTs are 24nm in diam ...
... Two major cytoskeletal components are microtubules (MTs) and actin microfilaments. These filamentous organelles are different chemically and in appearance under the TEM; they have different, but sometimes overlapping functions. For a comparative discussion, see Mitchison (1992). MTs are 24nm in diam ...
Platelet releasate increases the proliferation and
... Abstract: Concentrated platelets and their products are currently being used as a clinical tool to accelerate endosseous wound healing. However, there is little understanding regarding the actions of platelets and platelet-released products on osteogenic cells. We show, herein, that releasate from t ...
... Abstract: Concentrated platelets and their products are currently being used as a clinical tool to accelerate endosseous wound healing. However, there is little understanding regarding the actions of platelets and platelet-released products on osteogenic cells. We show, herein, that releasate from t ...
CHA-CAAreviewCC06
... Estimates of the extent of endogenous DNA damage vary widely.1-5 According to one of the relatively low estimates, during a single cell cycle of average duration (24 h) approximately 5,000 DNA single-strand lesions (SSLs) are generated per nucleus by endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS).5 The SS ...
... Estimates of the extent of endogenous DNA damage vary widely.1-5 According to one of the relatively low estimates, during a single cell cycle of average duration (24 h) approximately 5,000 DNA single-strand lesions (SSLs) are generated per nucleus by endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS).5 The SS ...
Hydrogen peroxide induces programmed cell death features in
... 1999; Desikan et al., 1998). The most commonly studied PCD in animals is apoptosis, which was de®ned as changes in the cell structure culminating with the appearance of apoptotic bodies and DNA fragmentation. PCD inducible by various stimuli was a question of central interest in the elucidation of H ...
... 1999; Desikan et al., 1998). The most commonly studied PCD in animals is apoptosis, which was de®ned as changes in the cell structure culminating with the appearance of apoptotic bodies and DNA fragmentation. PCD inducible by various stimuli was a question of central interest in the elucidation of H ...
Differential Localization of Carbohydrate Epitopes in Plant Cell
... knowledge of antibody specificities. Generation of a panel of McAbs recognizing different epitopes in plant cell wall polysaccharides and characterization of the structure of the epitopes recognized by some of these antibodies provide new, well-characterized probes for investigating wall biosynthesi ...
... knowledge of antibody specificities. Generation of a panel of McAbs recognizing different epitopes in plant cell wall polysaccharides and characterization of the structure of the epitopes recognized by some of these antibodies provide new, well-characterized probes for investigating wall biosynthesi ...
High throughput quantitative reverse transcription PCR assays
... Cancer testis antigens (CTA) are a promising class of tumour antigens for T-cell-mediated immunotherapy due to their limited expression in somatic tissue. An earlier study demonstrated that CTA could be specifically recognized in vitro by cytotoxic T-cells (CTLs) in patients with melanoma (van der B ...
... Cancer testis antigens (CTA) are a promising class of tumour antigens for T-cell-mediated immunotherapy due to their limited expression in somatic tissue. An earlier study demonstrated that CTA could be specifically recognized in vitro by cytotoxic T-cells (CTLs) in patients with melanoma (van der B ...
Does the plant mitochondrion integrate cellular stress and regulate
... were blocked. In spite of this apoptosis inhibition, the cells died – they exhibited a type of death termed oncosis7, which is generally considered to be unprogrammed. The observation that cells can inducibly die, even when another programmed cell death is blocked, provokes the question, what is the ...
... were blocked. In spite of this apoptosis inhibition, the cells died – they exhibited a type of death termed oncosis7, which is generally considered to be unprogrammed. The observation that cells can inducibly die, even when another programmed cell death is blocked, provokes the question, what is the ...
Supporting online material for Elowitz et al. report
... (M22 and D22, Table 1) were measured and subjected to a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. In both cases, the individual normalized distributions for CFP and YFP were consistent with the null hypothesis, that they were both sampled from the same underlying distribution (P=0.71 and 0.68, respectively). To chec ...
... (M22 and D22, Table 1) were measured and subjected to a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. In both cases, the individual normalized distributions for CFP and YFP were consistent with the null hypothesis, that they were both sampled from the same underlying distribution (P=0.71 and 0.68, respectively). To chec ...
Conjugation High-frequency recombination cell
... express the genes needed for plasmid transfer unless there is a suitable recipient in the vicinity. Not only does this reduce the metabolic load on the cell but it also means that they are not expressing surface antigens (such as conjugative pili) that could be recognized by the host immune system. ...
... express the genes needed for plasmid transfer unless there is a suitable recipient in the vicinity. Not only does this reduce the metabolic load on the cell but it also means that they are not expressing surface antigens (such as conjugative pili) that could be recognized by the host immune system. ...
Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation isa cell changes from one cell type to another. Most commonly this is a less specialized type becoming a more specialized type, such as during cell growth. Differentiation occurs numerous times during the development of a multicellular organism as it changes from a simple zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types. Differentiation continues in adulthood as adult stem cells divide and create fully differentiated daughter cells during tissue repair and during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane potential, metabolic activity, and responsiveness to signals. These changes are largely due to highly controlled modifications in gene expression and are the study of epigenetics. With a few exceptions, cellular differentiation almost never involves a change in the DNA sequence itself. Thus, different cells can have very different physical characteristics despite having the same genome.A cell that can differentiate into all cell types of the adult organism is known as pluripotent. Such cells are called embryonic stem cells in animals and meristematic cells in higher plants. A cell that can differentiate into all cell types, including the placental tissue, is known as totipotent. In mammals, only the zygote and subsequent blastomeres are totipotent, while in plants many differentiated cells can become totipotent with simple laboratory techniques. In cytopathology, the level of cellular differentiation is used as a measure of cancer progression. ""Grade"" is a marker of how differentiated a cell in a tumor is.