File
... Grammar Glossary Ambiguous reference—Ambiguous reference occurs when a pronoun incorrectly refers to either of two antecedents. Ambiguous: A tortoise is different from a turtle only in that it lives on land, not in water. Which lives on land—the turtle or the tortoise? ...
... Grammar Glossary Ambiguous reference—Ambiguous reference occurs when a pronoun incorrectly refers to either of two antecedents. Ambiguous: A tortoise is different from a turtle only in that it lives on land, not in water. Which lives on land—the turtle or the tortoise? ...
A Cognitive Constructivist Approach to Early Syntax Acquisition
... This thesis is concerned with a central question in any construction-based, usagebased theory of language acquisition: how children get from more concrete and itembased constructions to more abstract constructions. The overall approach places central importance on meaning and the role of cognition t ...
... This thesis is concerned with a central question in any construction-based, usagebased theory of language acquisition: how children get from more concrete and itembased constructions to more abstract constructions. The overall approach places central importance on meaning and the role of cognition t ...
The Case of Old English HRĒOW
... and yields linguistic expressions fully specified as to form, order, and prosody (Bakker 2001). Role and Reference Grammar (Van Valin & LaPolla 1997, Van Valin 2005) has applied the layered structure of the clause to the word (Everett 2002) and has defined the word-internal functions that provide an ...
... and yields linguistic expressions fully specified as to form, order, and prosody (Bakker 2001). Role and Reference Grammar (Van Valin & LaPolla 1997, Van Valin 2005) has applied the layered structure of the clause to the word (Everett 2002) and has defined the word-internal functions that provide an ...
Printable Book
... 1. "Us" is the subject of the infinitive "to rise." That infinitive phrase is the direct object of the infinitive "to tell," and the "to tell phrase functions as an adverb to "crow." 2. "For" here functions as a coordinating conjunction -- See "So" and "For" as Conjunctions. 3. Let me begin with the ...
... 1. "Us" is the subject of the infinitive "to rise." That infinitive phrase is the direct object of the infinitive "to tell," and the "to tell phrase functions as an adverb to "crow." 2. "For" here functions as a coordinating conjunction -- See "So" and "For" as Conjunctions. 3. Let me begin with the ...
C98-1061 - Association for Computational Linguistics
... anaphora are pronominal references, surfacecount anaphora and one-anaphora. In order to solve these anaphors we work on the output of a part-of-speech tagger, on which we automatically apply a partial parsing from the formalism: Slot Unification Grammar, which has been implemented in Prolog. We only ...
... anaphora are pronominal references, surfacecount anaphora and one-anaphora. In order to solve these anaphors we work on the output of a part-of-speech tagger, on which we automatically apply a partial parsing from the formalism: Slot Unification Grammar, which has been implemented in Prolog. We only ...
Existential predication and trans
... chair’), and important cross-linguistic variation is observed in the possible extensions of the use of possessive constructions to non-prototypical situations. Possessive relationships may appear in one of the following ways in linguistic structure: – in a referential act, a possessive relationship ...
... chair’), and important cross-linguistic variation is observed in the possible extensions of the use of possessive constructions to non-prototypical situations. Possessive relationships may appear in one of the following ways in linguistic structure: – in a referential act, a possessive relationship ...
The dative alternation - Ghent University Library
... Herriman and Seppänen (1996: 486) add to this distinction between direct and indirect object their different default positions with respect to the verb. In unmarked sentences, the indirect object is found in immediately postverbal position, wedged in between the verb and the direct object. The direc ...
... Herriman and Seppänen (1996: 486) add to this distinction between direct and indirect object their different default positions with respect to the verb. In unmarked sentences, the indirect object is found in immediately postverbal position, wedged in between the verb and the direct object. The direc ...
Introducing PersPred, a syntactic and semantic database - Hal-SHS
... of a CP is not fully predictable from the meaning of its components. N-V combinations are subject to various levels of lexicalization. In some cases, the CP meaning is a specialization of the predictable meaning of the combination. For instance čâqu zadan ‘to stab’ (Lit. ‘knife hit’) is not only t ...
... of a CP is not fully predictable from the meaning of its components. N-V combinations are subject to various levels of lexicalization. In some cases, the CP meaning is a specialization of the predictable meaning of the combination. For instance čâqu zadan ‘to stab’ (Lit. ‘knife hit’) is not only t ...
Lexical Functional Grammar Abstract 1 LFG`s syntactic structures
... These values are called semantic forms. In the functional structure, semantic forms are surrounded by single quotes: the semantic form contributed by the word David is ‘DAVID’. An important property of semantic forms is that they are uniquely instantiated for each instance of their use, reflecting t ...
... These values are called semantic forms. In the functional structure, semantic forms are surrounded by single quotes: the semantic form contributed by the word David is ‘DAVID’. An important property of semantic forms is that they are uniquely instantiated for each instance of their use, reflecting t ...
Constructions, chunking, and connectionism
... grammar, unlike both traditional grammar and generative grammar. Constructions are symbolic: in addition to specifying the properties of an utterance’s defining morphological, syntactic and lexical form, a construction also specifies the semantic, pragmatic, and/or discourse functions that are assoc ...
... grammar, unlike both traditional grammar and generative grammar. Constructions are symbolic: in addition to specifying the properties of an utterance’s defining morphological, syntactic and lexical form, a construction also specifies the semantic, pragmatic, and/or discourse functions that are assoc ...
November 20, 2003 Chapter 16 Lexical Semantics
... • Breaker and Opener are agents • BrokenThing and OpenedThing are themes • Some other commonly used thematic roles – Experiencer – Force – Result – Content – Instrument – Beneficiary – Source – Goal ...
... • Breaker and Opener are agents • BrokenThing and OpenedThing are themes • Some other commonly used thematic roles – Experiencer – Force – Result – Content – Instrument – Beneficiary – Source – Goal ...
double case constructions in Koine Greek - Journal of Greco
... complement of that unexpressed subject. In (7), the subject is the third singular ‘he’ and ’Iwa/nnhj is the nominative complement; in (8), the subject is the third plural ‘they’ and ui9oi/ is the nominative complement; in (9), the subject is the third singular ‘he’ and fi/loj is the nominative compl ...
... complement of that unexpressed subject. In (7), the subject is the third singular ‘he’ and ’Iwa/nnhj is the nominative complement; in (8), the subject is the third plural ‘they’ and ui9oi/ is the nominative complement; in (9), the subject is the third singular ‘he’ and fi/loj is the nominative compl ...
pages 213–231 - Stanford University
... In this paper we add to a growing body of evidence which shows that noun plus copula is indeed a lexically-formed verb (see especially Kim et al. (2004)), despite the apparent evidence in favor of a clitic analysis. A fully lexical account can nevertheless allow that the N which hosts the copula can ...
... In this paper we add to a growing body of evidence which shows that noun plus copula is indeed a lexically-formed verb (see especially Kim et al. (2004)), despite the apparent evidence in favor of a clitic analysis. A fully lexical account can nevertheless allow that the N which hosts the copula can ...
1 Robert Frank, Phrase structure composition and syntactic
... Frank concludes this chapter with a detailed analysis of copular sentences, as, for example, The assassination of the king was the cause of the war, arguing, contra Moro’s (1997) analysis, that they differ from raising sentences. In Frank’s account, copula be cannot head its own elementary tree beca ...
... Frank concludes this chapter with a detailed analysis of copular sentences, as, for example, The assassination of the king was the cause of the war, arguing, contra Moro’s (1997) analysis, that they differ from raising sentences. In Frank’s account, copula be cannot head its own elementary tree beca ...
Introduction to frequency and the emergence of linguistic structure
... III. Phrases and constructions, which contains papers that demonstrate that many of the same principles found at the word level also operate in multi-word sequences: and IV. General. In this category are placed papers that reference and model multiple phenomena and therefore do not fit easily into t ...
... III. Phrases and constructions, which contains papers that demonstrate that many of the same principles found at the word level also operate in multi-word sequences: and IV. General. In this category are placed papers that reference and model multiple phenomena and therefore do not fit easily into t ...
Context and Binding in Japanese. By MASAYO IIDA. Stanford: CSLI
... This book is a slightly revised version of Masayo Iida’s doctoral dissertation submitted to Stanford University in 1992. Even though the title of the book is very general, she focuses on essentially one phenomenon in Japanese: the binding of the reflexive anaphora zibun ‘self’. The study of this wor ...
... This book is a slightly revised version of Masayo Iida’s doctoral dissertation submitted to Stanford University in 1992. Even though the title of the book is very general, she focuses on essentially one phenomenon in Japanese: the binding of the reflexive anaphora zibun ‘self’. The study of this wor ...
On how to write rules in Constraint Grammar (CG-3) Eckhard Bick
... instructions on most of the prayers ...
... instructions on most of the prayers ...
Lectures on Functional Syntax
... incompatible) accounts of lexical categories, and the "emergent grammar" of Hopper (1987, 1991) gives a very different picture of syntax from, say, Givón 1995. What all functionalists have in common is a rejection of the notion of formalism as explanation. The basic difference between functionalist ...
... incompatible) accounts of lexical categories, and the "emergent grammar" of Hopper (1987, 1991) gives a very different picture of syntax from, say, Givón 1995. What all functionalists have in common is a rejection of the notion of formalism as explanation. The basic difference between functionalist ...
pdf version - Universität Leipzig
... continue to uphold this assumption: some, such as Baese-Berk & Goldrick’s (2009) account of neighbourhood density effects, rely on the notion of gradient symbolic computation, according to which lexical phonological representations are made up of symbols that are discrete but exhibit continuously va ...
... continue to uphold this assumption: some, such as Baese-Berk & Goldrick’s (2009) account of neighbourhood density effects, rely on the notion of gradient symbolic computation, according to which lexical phonological representations are made up of symbols that are discrete but exhibit continuously va ...
Item-based Patterns in Early Syntactic Development Brian
... words, it is clearly available for many content words. As we will see later, learning of bound morphemes follows a similar, but slightly different path. It is clear that child language learning is not based on the full batch recording of long sentences completely mapped to complex semantic structure ...
... words, it is clearly available for many content words. As we will see later, learning of bound morphemes follows a similar, but slightly different path. It is clear that child language learning is not based on the full batch recording of long sentences completely mapped to complex semantic structure ...
The constructionalization of body part terms in Arabic
... Terms denoting human/animal body parts have cross-linguistically been noted to have extended functions that go beyond their basic referential uses. For instance, terms such as HEAD, FACE, EYE have grammaticalized in some languages into spatial markers, while terms such as BODY and FACE have develope ...
... Terms denoting human/animal body parts have cross-linguistically been noted to have extended functions that go beyond their basic referential uses. For instance, terms such as HEAD, FACE, EYE have grammaticalized in some languages into spatial markers, while terms such as BODY and FACE have develope ...
Aalborg Universitet Socio-cognitive salience and the role of the local
... Terms denoting human/animal body parts have cross-linguistically been noted to have extended functions that go beyond their basic referential uses. For instance, terms such as HEAD, FACE, EYE have grammaticalized in some languages into spatial markers, while terms such as BODY and FACE have develope ...
... Terms denoting human/animal body parts have cross-linguistically been noted to have extended functions that go beyond their basic referential uses. For instance, terms such as HEAD, FACE, EYE have grammaticalized in some languages into spatial markers, while terms such as BODY and FACE have develope ...
Book of abstracts: General session part 1: Authors AL
... Terms denoting human/animal body parts have cross-linguistically been noted to have extended functions that go beyond their basic referential uses. For instance, terms such as HEAD, FACE, EYE have grammaticalized in some languages into spatial markers, while terms such as BODY and FACE have develope ...
... Terms denoting human/animal body parts have cross-linguistically been noted to have extended functions that go beyond their basic referential uses. For instance, terms such as HEAD, FACE, EYE have grammaticalized in some languages into spatial markers, while terms such as BODY and FACE have develope ...