Storage of Quinolizidine Alkaloids in Epidermal Tissues
... by diffusion of the free base. But quinolizidine al kaloids (e.g. sparteine) have a pKb value > 11.8, so that the percentage of the free base is 0.17% at pH 9 and 0.02% at pH 8 . This would mean that under physiological conditions nearly 1 0 0 % of all alkaloid molecules would be present as charged ...
... by diffusion of the free base. But quinolizidine al kaloids (e.g. sparteine) have a pKb value > 11.8, so that the percentage of the free base is 0.17% at pH 9 and 0.02% at pH 8 . This would mean that under physiological conditions nearly 1 0 0 % of all alkaloid molecules would be present as charged ...
Heat stress induces different forms of cell death in sea
... for a better understanding of the process at sublethal temperatures.4 Kültz5 has recently argued that the cellular stress response is so well conserved because it represents a rapid, transient mechanism for promoting tolerance to temporary environmental extremes, thereby allowing for slower, stress ...
... for a better understanding of the process at sublethal temperatures.4 Kültz5 has recently argued that the cellular stress response is so well conserved because it represents a rapid, transient mechanism for promoting tolerance to temporary environmental extremes, thereby allowing for slower, stress ...
Antigen recognition by T Lymphocytes
... Antigen processing and presentation Antigen Presenting Cell (APC); virus infected cell, tumor, phagocytes Ag processing: digestion of antigen Ag presentation: peptide on MHC molecule required for T cell activation ...
... Antigen processing and presentation Antigen Presenting Cell (APC); virus infected cell, tumor, phagocytes Ag processing: digestion of antigen Ag presentation: peptide on MHC molecule required for T cell activation ...
1706 “The potential environmental consequences of exudation of
... during inoculation with soilborne fungal pathogens including Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi and Phoma medicaginis eliminates the normal root tip resistance to infection and results in an increase in disease from mild local lesions in <5% of inoculated roots to severe root rot in 100% (Wen et al., 2007, ...
... during inoculation with soilborne fungal pathogens including Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi and Phoma medicaginis eliminates the normal root tip resistance to infection and results in an increase in disease from mild local lesions in <5% of inoculated roots to severe root rot in 100% (Wen et al., 2007, ...
Desiccation Tolerance of Prokaryotes: Application of Principles to
... PCR assay can copy these damaged residues. Many of the oxyradical-mediated processes that contribute to nucleic acid damage also apply to proteins (Potts, 2001). However, it is hard to make generalizations about protein stability in the context of desiccation. Some proteins, such as those associated ...
... PCR assay can copy these damaged residues. Many of the oxyradical-mediated processes that contribute to nucleic acid damage also apply to proteins (Potts, 2001). However, it is hard to make generalizations about protein stability in the context of desiccation. Some proteins, such as those associated ...
Case study
... derived from branchial pouch remnants. In normal thyroid, only SCNs stained for p63, HMWK, and CEA. The only CD5-positive cells in normal thyroid were T cells. All CASTLE exhibited diffuse p63 and HMWK staining and were positive for CEA and CD5. In contrast, none of the other thyroid neoplasms exhib ...
... derived from branchial pouch remnants. In normal thyroid, only SCNs stained for p63, HMWK, and CEA. The only CD5-positive cells in normal thyroid were T cells. All CASTLE exhibited diffuse p63 and HMWK staining and were positive for CEA and CD5. In contrast, none of the other thyroid neoplasms exhib ...
Expression of PSA-RP2, an alternatively spliced
... (A) Structure of PSA and PSA-RP2 proteins. The positions of the catalytic triad of histidine (His), aspartate (Asp) and serine (Ser) residues are indicated on the PSA diagram. Only the histidine and aspartate residues of the catalytic triad are present in PSA-RP2. The 17-residue signal peptide (‘SP’ ...
... (A) Structure of PSA and PSA-RP2 proteins. The positions of the catalytic triad of histidine (His), aspartate (Asp) and serine (Ser) residues are indicated on the PSA diagram. Only the histidine and aspartate residues of the catalytic triad are present in PSA-RP2. The 17-residue signal peptide (‘SP’ ...
(Extrinsic) Proteins
... reversible, the direction of movement of glucose being dictated by the relative concentrations of glucose on either side of membrane. In order to maintain the concentration gradient across the membrane, the glucose is rapidly phosphorylated inside the cell to glucose 6-phosphate by hexokinase. ...
... reversible, the direction of movement of glucose being dictated by the relative concentrations of glucose on either side of membrane. In order to maintain the concentration gradient across the membrane, the glucose is rapidly phosphorylated inside the cell to glucose 6-phosphate by hexokinase. ...
gamete interaction in flowering plants
... possibility of identifying both male and female gametespecific expressed genes [19,22–28]. Respective promoters now serve as valuable tools to drive expression of fluorescent proteins in Arabidopsis gametes, enabling live imaging of the fertilization process. Figure 2 shows the events following sper ...
... possibility of identifying both male and female gametespecific expressed genes [19,22–28]. Respective promoters now serve as valuable tools to drive expression of fluorescent proteins in Arabidopsis gametes, enabling live imaging of the fertilization process. Figure 2 shows the events following sper ...
Signal transduction networks and the biology of plant cells*
... and function, and researchers focused on questions such as, how do proteins enter chloroplasts? or, what is the structure of the macromolecules of the cell wall and how are these molecules secreted? Signal transduction dealt primarily with the perception of light (photomorphogenesis) or hormones and ...
... and function, and researchers focused on questions such as, how do proteins enter chloroplasts? or, what is the structure of the macromolecules of the cell wall and how are these molecules secreted? Signal transduction dealt primarily with the perception of light (photomorphogenesis) or hormones and ...
Answer Keys - My Anatomy Mentor
... 2e. Leukocytes – white blood cells acting as body’s defense 2f. Chondroblasts (cytes) – produce matrix in cartilage 2g. Osteoblasts (cytes) – produce organic matrix in bone 3a Protein fibers that provide support for connective tissue 3b Three (collagen, elastic and reticular) 3c. Synthesized by blas ...
... 2e. Leukocytes – white blood cells acting as body’s defense 2f. Chondroblasts (cytes) – produce matrix in cartilage 2g. Osteoblasts (cytes) – produce organic matrix in bone 3a Protein fibers that provide support for connective tissue 3b Three (collagen, elastic and reticular) 3c. Synthesized by blas ...
CELL
... Moves parts of the cell in processes of growth and mobility. The eukaryotic cytoskeleton is composed of microfilaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules. There is a great number of proteins associated with them, each controlling a cell's structure by directing, bundling, and aligning filament ...
... Moves parts of the cell in processes of growth and mobility. The eukaryotic cytoskeleton is composed of microfilaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules. There is a great number of proteins associated with them, each controlling a cell's structure by directing, bundling, and aligning filament ...
Clone
... GATA-3 (GATA binding protein 3) is a member of the GATA family of transcription factors. This 50 kD anuclear protein regulates the development and subsequent maintenance of a variety of human tissues, including hematopoietic cells, skin, kidney, mammary gland, and the central nervous system. Among s ...
... GATA-3 (GATA binding protein 3) is a member of the GATA family of transcription factors. This 50 kD anuclear protein regulates the development and subsequent maintenance of a variety of human tissues, including hematopoietic cells, skin, kidney, mammary gland, and the central nervous system. Among s ...
Analysis of the cell cycle of fibroblasts derived from the LEC rat after
... This character of the LEC rat has been thought to be due to abnormal G１arrest in cells after X-irradiation. In this report, we re-investigated the effect of X-irradiation on the cell cycle in primary-cultured fibroblasts . Primarycultured fibroblasts derived from LEC and BN rats were exposed to４Gy o ...
... This character of the LEC rat has been thought to be due to abnormal G１arrest in cells after X-irradiation. In this report, we re-investigated the effect of X-irradiation on the cell cycle in primary-cultured fibroblasts . Primarycultured fibroblasts derived from LEC and BN rats were exposed to４Gy o ...
Lysosomal enzymes in the macronucleus of Tetrahymena
... the procedure. This meant that it was not possible to see apoptotic nuclei and acid phosphatase product simultaneously. Apparently, there was some interaction between DAPI and the Azo Dye method that made it impossible to visualize DAPI. This also proved true for other fluorescent stains as well, in ...
... the procedure. This meant that it was not possible to see apoptotic nuclei and acid phosphatase product simultaneously. Apparently, there was some interaction between DAPI and the Azo Dye method that made it impossible to visualize DAPI. This also proved true for other fluorescent stains as well, in ...
Cell Cycle
... They may make their own growth factor They may convey a growth factor’s signal without the presence of the growth factor ...
... They may make their own growth factor They may convey a growth factor’s signal without the presence of the growth factor ...
Catalyst 101 - Battery Research and Testing, Inc.
... the oxygen as dissolved gas, which is a way to prevent the oxygen from reaching the negative plate altogether. There are multiple ways to solve the problem of too much oxygen getting to the negative plate in VRLA cells. As we have already stated, there is an electrochemical balance act occurring on ...
... the oxygen as dissolved gas, which is a way to prevent the oxygen from reaching the negative plate altogether. There are multiple ways to solve the problem of too much oxygen getting to the negative plate in VRLA cells. As we have already stated, there is an electrochemical balance act occurring on ...
THINK ABOUT IT
... Cells need to build new molecules all the time, especially proteins, which catalyze chemical reactions and make up important structures in the cell. Because proteins carry out so many of the essential functions of living things, a big part of the cell is devoted to their production and distribution. ...
... Cells need to build new molecules all the time, especially proteins, which catalyze chemical reactions and make up important structures in the cell. Because proteins carry out so many of the essential functions of living things, a big part of the cell is devoted to their production and distribution. ...
Systemic and cell type-specific gene expression patterns in scleroderma skin.
... and, as expected, we observe gene expression patterns characteristic of a variety of different cell types. To help provide an interpretive framework for the gene expression patterns observed in scleroderma skin biopsies, we measured the gene expression in 11 different cell lines grown in culture tha ...
... and, as expected, we observe gene expression patterns characteristic of a variety of different cell types. To help provide an interpretive framework for the gene expression patterns observed in scleroderma skin biopsies, we measured the gene expression in 11 different cell lines grown in culture tha ...
Mechanical stabilization of desiccated vegetative tissues of the
... (Farrant, 2000). The presence of numerous small vacuoles, similar in appearance to the protein storage vacuoles found in orthodox seeds, has been reported in a number of resurrection species (Dalla Vecchia et al., 1998; Farrant, 2000; Vander Willigen et al., 2001a). Neither the formation of these sm ...
... (Farrant, 2000). The presence of numerous small vacuoles, similar in appearance to the protein storage vacuoles found in orthodox seeds, has been reported in a number of resurrection species (Dalla Vecchia et al., 1998; Farrant, 2000; Vander Willigen et al., 2001a). Neither the formation of these sm ...
Plant cell wall polymers as precursors for biofuels
... Another issue is the fermentability of the released monosaccharides. Currently, yeasts used in the ethanol fermentation process utilize only hexoses such as glucose and mannose. However, the most common hemicellulosic polysaccharides consist mainly of xylose and arabinose, pentoses that do not ferme ...
... Another issue is the fermentability of the released monosaccharides. Currently, yeasts used in the ethanol fermentation process utilize only hexoses such as glucose and mannose. However, the most common hemicellulosic polysaccharides consist mainly of xylose and arabinose, pentoses that do not ferme ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).