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... from genetic approaches aimed at defining essential genes for processes such as cytokinesis, endocytosis, and development. Independent findings from various systems are coming together and suggest that control of cytoplasmic organization and cell shape are necessary for almost any cell function. In ...
... from genetic approaches aimed at defining essential genes for processes such as cytokinesis, endocytosis, and development. Independent findings from various systems are coming together and suggest that control of cytoplasmic organization and cell shape are necessary for almost any cell function. In ...
Modification of Newcastle Disease Virus Release and
... and fragmentation of cell nuclei. This c.p.e, was also found in lectin-treated cells infected with the avirulent NDV strains F and Queensland which normally induce only limited cell damage. The~ possible mechanisms underlying the varied effects of different lectins on N D V release and cytopathogeni ...
... and fragmentation of cell nuclei. This c.p.e, was also found in lectin-treated cells infected with the avirulent NDV strains F and Queensland which normally induce only limited cell damage. The~ possible mechanisms underlying the varied effects of different lectins on N D V release and cytopathogeni ...
Action Potential Transfer in Cell Pairs Isolated From Adult Rat and
... electrical properties and the topology of cell arrangements (e.g., see Fozzard1)- A change in each of these parameters is expected to modify the conduction velocity in the heart. In fact, the influence of membrane excitability on conduction velocity has long been recognized, while the importance of ...
... electrical properties and the topology of cell arrangements (e.g., see Fozzard1)- A change in each of these parameters is expected to modify the conduction velocity in the heart. In fact, the influence of membrane excitability on conduction velocity has long been recognized, while the importance of ...
Midbodies and phragmoplasts: analogous structures
... after the contractile ring pinches in the plasma membrane. This channel must be sealed in a process that is distinct from furrow ingression and might be similar to plant cytokinesis. Cell plate: flattened membrane-bound structure that forms from fusing vesicles in the cytoplasm of a dividing plant c ...
... after the contractile ring pinches in the plasma membrane. This channel must be sealed in a process that is distinct from furrow ingression and might be similar to plant cytokinesis. Cell plate: flattened membrane-bound structure that forms from fusing vesicles in the cytoplasm of a dividing plant c ...
Somatic Cell Genealogies and Differentiation
... The Genome refers to the total amount of genetic information in the chromosomes of an organism, including its genes and DNA sequences. The genome of eukaryotes is made up of a single, haploid set of chromosomes that is contained in the nucleus of every cell and exists in two copies in the chromosome ...
... The Genome refers to the total amount of genetic information in the chromosomes of an organism, including its genes and DNA sequences. The genome of eukaryotes is made up of a single, haploid set of chromosomes that is contained in the nucleus of every cell and exists in two copies in the chromosome ...
B cells in Type 1 diabetes: Studies on cell surface antibody binding
... thereby receive the second signal (Fearon et al, 1996). B cells express peptides on their surface along with MHC class II molecules. These peptides can arise from antigens internalized and processed after bound to the MHC class II molecule. When the B cell is in close contact with a CD4+ T cells tha ...
... thereby receive the second signal (Fearon et al, 1996). B cells express peptides on their surface along with MHC class II molecules. These peptides can arise from antigens internalized and processed after bound to the MHC class II molecule. When the B cell is in close contact with a CD4+ T cells tha ...
Paul M. Nurse - Nobel Lecture
... the cell cycle by Murdoch Mitchison in the 1950s (Mitchison 1971). It is a cylindrically shaped cell, 12–15 µm length and 3–4 µm diameter, typically eukaryotic and yet with a genome of less than 5000 genes (Wood, Gwilliam et al. 2002). Murdoch used fission yeast to study how cells grow during the ce ...
... the cell cycle by Murdoch Mitchison in the 1950s (Mitchison 1971). It is a cylindrically shaped cell, 12–15 µm length and 3–4 µm diameter, typically eukaryotic and yet with a genome of less than 5000 genes (Wood, Gwilliam et al. 2002). Murdoch used fission yeast to study how cells grow during the ce ...
A Simple 1-D Physical Model for the Crawling Nematode Sperm Cell
... accessory proteins. This complexity has frustrated interpretation of many experiments. Because of that, simple and specialized cells, like the sperm of a nematode (Ascaris suum), have attracted the attention of experimentalists working on cell motility. (7) Nematode sperm cells crawl, rather than sw ...
... accessory proteins. This complexity has frustrated interpretation of many experiments. Because of that, simple and specialized cells, like the sperm of a nematode (Ascaris suum), have attracted the attention of experimentalists working on cell motility. (7) Nematode sperm cells crawl, rather than sw ...
Arabidopsis CSLD5 Functions in Cell Plate
... mutants. While leaf epidermal pavement cells appeared normal, csld5 mutant plants displayed significantly increased numbers of clustered stomatal guard cells (Figures 1D and 1E), and incomplete cell walls were observed in developing stomatal guard cell complexes (Figure 1D). Single csld2 and csld3 mu ...
... mutants. While leaf epidermal pavement cells appeared normal, csld5 mutant plants displayed significantly increased numbers of clustered stomatal guard cells (Figures 1D and 1E), and incomplete cell walls were observed in developing stomatal guard cell complexes (Figure 1D). Single csld2 and csld3 mu ...
Molecular Characterization and Functional Expression of the Human
... ions and chemical mediators from cell to cell, these channels may play a major role in a wide variety of cellular processes, including embryogenesis, cellular differentiation and development, and electrotonic coupling (for review, see Bennett and Spray, 1985; Hertzberg and Johnson, 1988) In excitabl ...
... ions and chemical mediators from cell to cell, these channels may play a major role in a wide variety of cellular processes, including embryogenesis, cellular differentiation and development, and electrotonic coupling (for review, see Bennett and Spray, 1985; Hertzberg and Johnson, 1988) In excitabl ...
Anatomy of the Laminar Organs of Commelina erecta
... veins from the receptacular stele differs. Namely, the primary laterals of the sepals share a vascular origin with the main veins of the petals, whereas the median veins of the sepals have a separate vascular origin (Hardy and Stevenson 2000a, b). Detailed study of vein endings from cleared specimen ...
... veins from the receptacular stele differs. Namely, the primary laterals of the sepals share a vascular origin with the main veins of the petals, whereas the median veins of the sepals have a separate vascular origin (Hardy and Stevenson 2000a, b). Detailed study of vein endings from cleared specimen ...
Functional differences between kindlin-1 and kindlin
... receptors with vital roles in cell adhesion, assembly of the extracellular matrix and intracellular signaling (Hynes, 2002). Integrins interact with extracellular ligands, such as fibronectin, laminin and collagens, through their large ectodomains, and couple to the cytoskeleton and diverse intracel ...
... receptors with vital roles in cell adhesion, assembly of the extracellular matrix and intracellular signaling (Hynes, 2002). Integrins interact with extracellular ligands, such as fibronectin, laminin and collagens, through their large ectodomains, and couple to the cytoskeleton and diverse intracel ...
Direct interaction of two polarity complexes implicated in epithelial
... contrast, the Crb–PALS1–PATJ complex seems to be more specific for epithelia, at least in D. melanogaster, suggesting it functions as a specific adaptor assisting in the localization of the Par3–Par6–aPKC complex in this cell type2,3. However, it remains unclear whether all these proteins are simult ...
... contrast, the Crb–PALS1–PATJ complex seems to be more specific for epithelia, at least in D. melanogaster, suggesting it functions as a specific adaptor assisting in the localization of the Par3–Par6–aPKC complex in this cell type2,3. However, it remains unclear whether all these proteins are simult ...
Three types of muscles
... Muscular System Anatomy Muscle Types There are three types of muscle tissue: Visceral, cardiac, and skeletal. Visceral Muscle. Visceral muscle is found inside of organs like the stomach, intestines, and blood vessels. The weakest of all muscle tissues, visceral muscle makes organs contract to move s ...
... Muscular System Anatomy Muscle Types There are three types of muscle tissue: Visceral, cardiac, and skeletal. Visceral Muscle. Visceral muscle is found inside of organs like the stomach, intestines, and blood vessels. The weakest of all muscle tissues, visceral muscle makes organs contract to move s ...
Dimensional analysis of Expansive Growth of Cells with Walls
... shape and support while providing both physical and chemical protection from the external environment. Typical plant and algal cell walls are composed of cellulose microfibrils embedded in an amorphous matrix of hemicelluloses, pectins, and small amounts of structural proteins [1]. Typical fungal ce ...
... shape and support while providing both physical and chemical protection from the external environment. Typical plant and algal cell walls are composed of cellulose microfibrils embedded in an amorphous matrix of hemicelluloses, pectins, and small amounts of structural proteins [1]. Typical fungal ce ...
Forage digestibility: the intersection of cell wall lignification and plant
... is extremely variable and almost always less than grains. Because cell wall material is the single largest component of forages, the digestibility of forage cell walls is a primary determinant of animal productivity and efficiency. The plant cell wall is a complex matrix of polymers that surrounds e ...
... is extremely variable and almost always less than grains. Because cell wall material is the single largest component of forages, the digestibility of forage cell walls is a primary determinant of animal productivity and efficiency. The plant cell wall is a complex matrix of polymers that surrounds e ...
Characterization and Dynamics of Cytoplasmic F
... same cells with tubulin- and actin-specific probes revealed the spatial interactions between microtubules and microfilaments. During the interphase-mitosis transition, the previously described actin network (Schmit et al., 1985) was rearranged around the microtubule arrays that formed the future mit ...
... same cells with tubulin- and actin-specific probes revealed the spatial interactions between microtubules and microfilaments. During the interphase-mitosis transition, the previously described actin network (Schmit et al., 1985) was rearranged around the microtubule arrays that formed the future mit ...
SI Tuesday October 14, 2008
... Modified sER = Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (membranous pouches that sequester Calcium Ions) Functional Unit = Sarcomere (extends from Z-disk to Z-disk) T-Tubules = invaginations of the sarcolemma that penetrate to the core of the muscle fiber. They allow for uniform distribution of the action potential s ...
... Modified sER = Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (membranous pouches that sequester Calcium Ions) Functional Unit = Sarcomere (extends from Z-disk to Z-disk) T-Tubules = invaginations of the sarcolemma that penetrate to the core of the muscle fiber. They allow for uniform distribution of the action potential s ...
Full PDF
... hyaluronan fragments utilize both Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and TLR2 to stimulate inflammatory genes in macrophages. Hyaluronan also is present on the cell surface of lung alveolar epithelial cells and provides protection against tissue damage by interacting with TLR2 and TLR4 on these parenchymal c ...
... hyaluronan fragments utilize both Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and TLR2 to stimulate inflammatory genes in macrophages. Hyaluronan also is present on the cell surface of lung alveolar epithelial cells and provides protection against tissue damage by interacting with TLR2 and TLR4 on these parenchymal c ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).