Examining the link between chromosomal instability and aneuploidy
... are representative (Fig. S1 A). Chromosomes in the chromosomally unstable colon carcinoma (HT29 and Caco2) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines also align efficiently on bipolar spindles in metaphase, and no cells enter anaphase before the alignment of all chromosomes (Fig. 1 and Videos 2 and 3), de ...
... are representative (Fig. S1 A). Chromosomes in the chromosomally unstable colon carcinoma (HT29 and Caco2) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines also align efficiently on bipolar spindles in metaphase, and no cells enter anaphase before the alignment of all chromosomes (Fig. 1 and Videos 2 and 3), de ...
Evolution of Apoptosis
... • Did research into apoptosis in higher metazoans and in unicellular organism Dunaliella tertiolecta • 5 day experiment • Observed Dunaliella tertiolecta in a light deprived state ...
... • Did research into apoptosis in higher metazoans and in unicellular organism Dunaliella tertiolecta • 5 day experiment • Observed Dunaliella tertiolecta in a light deprived state ...
Anillin, a Contractile Ring Protein That Cycles from the Nucleus to
... 1994). The orientation of this ring is governed by the positions of the mitotic spindle through an unknown mechanism (Rappaport and Rappaport, 1974). During late anaphase, the cell cortex changes in the region where the cleavage furrow will form. Both myosin II and the recently identified septin pro ...
... 1994). The orientation of this ring is governed by the positions of the mitotic spindle through an unknown mechanism (Rappaport and Rappaport, 1974). During late anaphase, the cell cortex changes in the region where the cleavage furrow will form. Both myosin II and the recently identified septin pro ...
Crosstalk between Notch signaling Pathway and Glutamine uptake
... In the immune system, Notch signaling is intimately involved in the process of T versus B lymphocyte differentiation from a common lymphocyte progenitor (Radtke, F. 2004[17] ) . Earlier studies have shown that activation of naive CD4+ T cells along with simultaneous activation of Notch1 signaling pat ...
... In the immune system, Notch signaling is intimately involved in the process of T versus B lymphocyte differentiation from a common lymphocyte progenitor (Radtke, F. 2004[17] ) . Earlier studies have shown that activation of naive CD4+ T cells along with simultaneous activation of Notch1 signaling pat ...
Biology: Cells the Fundamental Unit of Life
... This series of lessons is meant to introduce students to the functions of a cell and the basic components of cells. It uses several instructional approaches that are meant to engage students in the process of understanding this complex and exciting material. In order to understand the basic function ...
... This series of lessons is meant to introduce students to the functions of a cell and the basic components of cells. It uses several instructional approaches that are meant to engage students in the process of understanding this complex and exciting material. In order to understand the basic function ...
Regulation of Cell Cycle
... Serine-threonine kinases-regulate function of proteins by phosphorylation of either Serine (S) or Threonine (T) Both subunits needed for the kinase activity of the complex ...
... Serine-threonine kinases-regulate function of proteins by phosphorylation of either Serine (S) or Threonine (T) Both subunits needed for the kinase activity of the complex ...
2-Cell and Molecular Biology (Plasma Membrane)
... Transport of inorganic ions and small water soluble organic molecules across the lipid bilayer is achieved by specialized transmembrane proteins Each of which is responsible for the transfer of specific molecule or a group of closely related ions or molecules Two main classes of membrane proteins th ...
... Transport of inorganic ions and small water soluble organic molecules across the lipid bilayer is achieved by specialized transmembrane proteins Each of which is responsible for the transfer of specific molecule or a group of closely related ions or molecules Two main classes of membrane proteins th ...
a complexity drain on cells in the evolution of
... 1995; McShea 1996, 2001b; Pettersson 1996; Valentine and May 1996; Michod 1999). In the history of life, salient examples include the origin of the eukaryotic cell from symbiotic associations of prokaryotic cells, of multicellular individuals from clones of free-living eukaryotic cells, and of colon ...
... 1995; McShea 1996, 2001b; Pettersson 1996; Valentine and May 1996; Michod 1999). In the history of life, salient examples include the origin of the eukaryotic cell from symbiotic associations of prokaryotic cells, of multicellular individuals from clones of free-living eukaryotic cells, and of colon ...
- Wiley Online Library
... 1576 V. A. Shepherd et al. the plasma membrane. The Ca2+ released stimulates Ca2+activated Cl- channels (Kaneko et al. 2005), producing a Clefflux (Shimmen 1996, 1997a,b,c). The receptor potential increases in amplitude and/or duration more or less incrementally with increasing magnitude of stimulu ...
... 1576 V. A. Shepherd et al. the plasma membrane. The Ca2+ released stimulates Ca2+activated Cl- channels (Kaneko et al. 2005), producing a Clefflux (Shimmen 1996, 1997a,b,c). The receptor potential increases in amplitude and/or duration more or less incrementally with increasing magnitude of stimulu ...
T Regulatory Cells 1 Inhibit a Th2
... in developed nations. Its incidence and that of closely related conditions, such as asthma, has risen dramatically in recent decades, so that ⬃20 –25% of the population is affected. It represents one of the most common examples of in vivo activation of inappropriate pattern of Th2-type cytokines syn ...
... in developed nations. Its incidence and that of closely related conditions, such as asthma, has risen dramatically in recent decades, so that ⬃20 –25% of the population is affected. It represents one of the most common examples of in vivo activation of inappropriate pattern of Th2-type cytokines syn ...
Flies evolved small bodies and cells at high or fluctuating
... whenever biologists have focused their lenses on this subject (Arendt, ...
... whenever biologists have focused their lenses on this subject (Arendt, ...
Functions of Skeletal Muscle Tissue
... an inherent rythmicity. That is, an auto-generated action potential that stimulates the cell's contraction. At the tissue level, cardiac muscle inherently exhibits the rhythmicity of the cardiac muscle cell with the fastest rhythmicity. Once the action potential is generated by this cell, the impuls ...
... an inherent rythmicity. That is, an auto-generated action potential that stimulates the cell's contraction. At the tissue level, cardiac muscle inherently exhibits the rhythmicity of the cardiac muscle cell with the fastest rhythmicity. Once the action potential is generated by this cell, the impuls ...
Lactobacillus plantarum displaying CCL3 chemokine in fusion with
... organize into dimers or oligomers and there is a large variety in oligomeric forms and in the tendency to oligomerize [7–10]. Because of their ability to recruit the immune cells, chemokines are attractive candidates for vaccine adjuvants and have indeed been used as such with considerable success [ ...
... organize into dimers or oligomers and there is a large variety in oligomeric forms and in the tendency to oligomerize [7–10]. Because of their ability to recruit the immune cells, chemokines are attractive candidates for vaccine adjuvants and have indeed been used as such with considerable success [ ...
Shininger, AnnRev. Plant Physiol. 1979 30:313-37
... The anatomical approach to vascular developmentin shoot apical meristems has generated somecontroversy concerningwhat should properly be called procambium. Until overt cytodifferentiation occurs, however,it is only possibleto define these cells as beinglarger or smaller, denseror less dense, etc rel ...
... The anatomical approach to vascular developmentin shoot apical meristems has generated somecontroversy concerningwhat should properly be called procambium. Until overt cytodifferentiation occurs, however,it is only possibleto define these cells as beinglarger or smaller, denseror less dense, etc rel ...
PDF
... cortical component of the mother cell (for example, produces daughter cells, AB and CD, that are unequal by Conklin, 1905; Boveri, 1910; Spemann, 1938; Shimizu, three criteria. Cell CD is larger than cell AB, it inherits 1982a, b; Milhausen and Agabian, 1983; Gober et cd, essentially all of the telo ...
... cortical component of the mother cell (for example, produces daughter cells, AB and CD, that are unequal by Conklin, 1905; Boveri, 1910; Spemann, 1938; Shimizu, three criteria. Cell CD is larger than cell AB, it inherits 1982a, b; Milhausen and Agabian, 1983; Gober et cd, essentially all of the telo ...
Document
... Thin outer membrane to let oxygen diffuse through easily. Shape increases the surface area to allow more oxygen to be absorbed efficiently. No nucleus, so the whole cell is full of haemoglobin. ...
... Thin outer membrane to let oxygen diffuse through easily. Shape increases the surface area to allow more oxygen to be absorbed efficiently. No nucleus, so the whole cell is full of haemoglobin. ...
A conserved role for kinesin-5 in plant mitosis
... Kinesin-5 motors are present in plants (Reddy and Day, 2001). In tobacco, the kinesin-5, TKRP125, was inferred to be involved in separating anti-parallel microtubules in the cytokinetic organelle, the phragmoplast (Asada et al., 1997). In the arabidopsis genome, four sequences have been annotated as ...
... Kinesin-5 motors are present in plants (Reddy and Day, 2001). In tobacco, the kinesin-5, TKRP125, was inferred to be involved in separating anti-parallel microtubules in the cytokinetic organelle, the phragmoplast (Asada et al., 1997). In the arabidopsis genome, four sequences have been annotated as ...
Quantitative profiling of differentiation
... and between the cell and its extracellular environment. Transmembrane receptors sense changes in the cellular environment and, typically via associated proteins, initiate specific intracellular responses. Cell-adhesion proteins mediate cell-specific interactions with other cells and the extracellula ...
... and between the cell and its extracellular environment. Transmembrane receptors sense changes in the cellular environment and, typically via associated proteins, initiate specific intracellular responses. Cell-adhesion proteins mediate cell-specific interactions with other cells and the extracellula ...
Purifying rfp Protein
... When scientists at a therapeutics company, like Amgen, have successfully identified a promising therapeutic protein, two objectives would be to locate and isolate the gene that encodes the protein. Once isolated, the gene is inserted into a plasmid so that the gene can be cloned, as additional copie ...
... When scientists at a therapeutics company, like Amgen, have successfully identified a promising therapeutic protein, two objectives would be to locate and isolate the gene that encodes the protein. Once isolated, the gene is inserted into a plasmid so that the gene can be cloned, as additional copie ...
Cell Biology - New Age International
... (a) Ribosomes were first discovered by Palade in animal cell and called them as microsomes. Robinson and Brown discovered them first in plant cell. Claude (1955) called these structures as ribosomes. (b) Proteins synthesized on free ribosome are used within cell. Proteins synthesized on bound riboso ...
... (a) Ribosomes were first discovered by Palade in animal cell and called them as microsomes. Robinson and Brown discovered them first in plant cell. Claude (1955) called these structures as ribosomes. (b) Proteins synthesized on free ribosome are used within cell. Proteins synthesized on bound riboso ...
Dynamin as a mover and pincher during cell migration and invasion
... ubiquitously expressed; and Dyn3 may be limited to brain, lung and testis. Because dynamin has been implicated largely in the migration of epithelial cells, we focus here predominantly on Dyn2. All of the conventional dynamins are large molecular weight GTPases ~96 kDa in size, which differentiates ...
... ubiquitously expressed; and Dyn3 may be limited to brain, lung and testis. Because dynamin has been implicated largely in the migration of epithelial cells, we focus here predominantly on Dyn2. All of the conventional dynamins are large molecular weight GTPases ~96 kDa in size, which differentiates ...
The constant beat: cardiomyocytes adapt their forces by equal
... initiation of very complex differentiation pathways. One of the most potent mechanical signals is the elasticity of the environment. Various cell types respond with simple reinforcements of adhesion and cytoskeletal structures upon substrate stiffening (Giannone et al., 2003; Krishnan et al., 2009). ...
... initiation of very complex differentiation pathways. One of the most potent mechanical signals is the elasticity of the environment. Various cell types respond with simple reinforcements of adhesion and cytoskeletal structures upon substrate stiffening (Giannone et al., 2003; Krishnan et al., 2009). ...
Molecular Identification of a SNAP-25
... Most SNAREs possess a carboxy-terminal transmembrane domain, whereas others, like the SNAP-25 protein and the R-SNAREs of the Ykt6 family, are attached to the membrane by fatty acid modification. Mammalian SNAP-25 is membrane attached by palmitoylation on a conserved stretch of cysteine residues sit ...
... Most SNAREs possess a carboxy-terminal transmembrane domain, whereas others, like the SNAP-25 protein and the R-SNAREs of the Ykt6 family, are attached to the membrane by fatty acid modification. Mammalian SNAP-25 is membrane attached by palmitoylation on a conserved stretch of cysteine residues sit ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).