Macromolecular biophysics of the plant cell wall: Concepts and
... walls depend on fine details of their macromolecular structure and conformation, and on their highly ordered architecture at scales from a few nanometers (i.e. just above the molecular scale) to several microns. Much of this fine detail is lost when cell-wall polymers are extracted into solution, as ...
... walls depend on fine details of their macromolecular structure and conformation, and on their highly ordered architecture at scales from a few nanometers (i.e. just above the molecular scale) to several microns. Much of this fine detail is lost when cell-wall polymers are extracted into solution, as ...
Development of Peltate Glandular Trichomes of
... al., 2000). These results demonstrate coincidental temporal changes in enzyme activities, enzyme protein level, and steady-state transcript abundances and indicate that most of the monoterpene biosynthetic enzymes in peppermint oil glands are developmentally regulated at the level of gene expression ...
... al., 2000). These results demonstrate coincidental temporal changes in enzyme activities, enzyme protein level, and steady-state transcript abundances and indicate that most of the monoterpene biosynthetic enzymes in peppermint oil glands are developmentally regulated at the level of gene expression ...
The KASH domain protein MSP-300 plays an essential role
... identified (Volk, 1992). Several differently spliced transcripts were also predicted by the Drosophila database. However, the C-terminal end of the gene, which is separated from the rest of msp-300 by a 45 kb intron, was only identified recently (Starr and Han, 2002; Zhang et al., 2002). The mechani ...
... identified (Volk, 1992). Several differently spliced transcripts were also predicted by the Drosophila database. However, the C-terminal end of the gene, which is separated from the rest of msp-300 by a 45 kb intron, was only identified recently (Starr and Han, 2002; Zhang et al., 2002). The mechani ...
Mammalian Cdc7–Dbf4 protein kinase complex is essential for
... origin recognition complex (ORC) recruiting the Cdc6 protein, which in turn promotes loading of minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins (Coleman et al., 1996; Donovan et al., 1997; Tanaka et al., 1997). Although necessary, the assembly of pre-RCs during G1 is not sufficient to initiate DNA replica ...
... origin recognition complex (ORC) recruiting the Cdc6 protein, which in turn promotes loading of minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins (Coleman et al., 1996; Donovan et al., 1997; Tanaka et al., 1997). Although necessary, the assembly of pre-RCs during G1 is not sufficient to initiate DNA replica ...
Cell Cycle Regulation of the Activity and Subcellular Localization of
... numerous protein kinases and phosphatases that are required for progression through mitosis (for reviews see Forsburg and Nurse, 1991; Glover, 1991; Kinoshita et al., 1991; Yanagida et al., 1992). Among the protein kinases implicated in controlling spindle function and chromosome segregation is polo ...
... numerous protein kinases and phosphatases that are required for progression through mitosis (for reviews see Forsburg and Nurse, 1991; Glover, 1991; Kinoshita et al., 1991; Yanagida et al., 1992). Among the protein kinases implicated in controlling spindle function and chromosome segregation is polo ...
ERdj5, an Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
... many genes encoding ER-resident chaperones and folding catalysts, a process known as the unfolded protein response (UPR) (6, 7). Genes induced during the UPR share regulatory sequences, ER stress elements (ERSEs), or a UPR element (6, ...
... many genes encoding ER-resident chaperones and folding catalysts, a process known as the unfolded protein response (UPR) (6, 7). Genes induced during the UPR share regulatory sequences, ER stress elements (ERSEs), or a UPR element (6, ...
The Euglena - Hamilton Local Schools
... Euglena are unicellular organisms classified into the Kingdom Protista, and the Phylum Euglenophyta. All euglena have chloroplasts and can make their own food by photosynthesis. They are not completely autotrophic though, euglena can also absorb food from their environment. Euglena usually live in q ...
... Euglena are unicellular organisms classified into the Kingdom Protista, and the Phylum Euglenophyta. All euglena have chloroplasts and can make their own food by photosynthesis. They are not completely autotrophic though, euglena can also absorb food from their environment. Euglena usually live in q ...
signaling events regulating removal of apoptotic cells
... to have an overlapping tissue distribution in the mouse (Gumienny et al., 2001). However, in situ studies of ELMO1 and ELMO2 in the mouse brain suggest these proteins play cell-type-specific roles (Katoh et al., 2006a). The regulation of ELMO-Dock180 activation appears surprisingly complex. Prelimin ...
... to have an overlapping tissue distribution in the mouse (Gumienny et al., 2001). However, in situ studies of ELMO1 and ELMO2 in the mouse brain suggest these proteins play cell-type-specific roles (Katoh et al., 2006a). The regulation of ELMO-Dock180 activation appears surprisingly complex. Prelimin ...
PDF
... Fig. 4. Clonal restrictions to single tissue fates develop during blastula stages. Percent tissue-restricted means the fraction of clones observed that generated only a single type of tissue. Cells were injected with lineage tracer at times shown on the horizontal axis, and the cell types formed by ...
... Fig. 4. Clonal restrictions to single tissue fates develop during blastula stages. Percent tissue-restricted means the fraction of clones observed that generated only a single type of tissue. Cells were injected with lineage tracer at times shown on the horizontal axis, and the cell types formed by ...
Aurintricarboxylic Acid Rescues PC12 Cells and Sympathetic
... Much of the present information on NGF-dependent neuronal survival has been obtained through studies on primary cultures of sympathetic neurons. An alternative is the rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line (Greene and Tischler, 1976) . When exposed to NGF, PC12 cells acquire a sympathetic neuron-like p ...
... Much of the present information on NGF-dependent neuronal survival has been obtained through studies on primary cultures of sympathetic neurons. An alternative is the rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line (Greene and Tischler, 1976) . When exposed to NGF, PC12 cells acquire a sympathetic neuron-like p ...
1 Breast Cancer Cell Line Development and Authentication
... Her work set the stage for modern practices of growing cells in media on plates or flasks (Sanford et al., 1948). 2.1 Establishment of the HeLa cell line and cell line production Indoubtedly, the most important factor to change biomedical research and our understanding of disease at the cellular and ...
... Her work set the stage for modern practices of growing cells in media on plates or flasks (Sanford et al., 1948). 2.1 Establishment of the HeLa cell line and cell line production Indoubtedly, the most important factor to change biomedical research and our understanding of disease at the cellular and ...
Osteoporosis and fracture risk: bone matrix quality
... and osteopenic individuals, but the relationship between bone mass and fracture risk is an imperfect one. The results of anti-resorptive treatment on BMD and fracture risk provide the best example of this. The maximal fracture reduction with treatment occurs in the first year of treatment, whereas B ...
... and osteopenic individuals, but the relationship between bone mass and fracture risk is an imperfect one. The results of anti-resorptive treatment on BMD and fracture risk provide the best example of this. The maximal fracture reduction with treatment occurs in the first year of treatment, whereas B ...
Tying rings for sex
... the amino and carboxyl terminus. Here, we review the key experiments that led to this discovery, and the present mechanistic model for pilin-precursor processing and the cyclization reaction. In addition, we discuss the implications for horizontal gene transfer in bacterial conjugation. Published on ...
... the amino and carboxyl terminus. Here, we review the key experiments that led to this discovery, and the present mechanistic model for pilin-precursor processing and the cyclization reaction. In addition, we discuss the implications for horizontal gene transfer in bacterial conjugation. Published on ...
Conserved functions of retinoblastoma proteins: From purple retina
... based on some similar characteristics. In the largest group, there are about 70 reported transcriptional regulators which fall into three basic functional categories when bound to pRB (a) factors which repress transcription, (b) factors which activate transcription, and (c) factors that affect trans ...
... based on some similar characteristics. In the largest group, there are about 70 reported transcriptional regulators which fall into three basic functional categories when bound to pRB (a) factors which repress transcription, (b) factors which activate transcription, and (c) factors that affect trans ...
Light Chain λ and Ig κ Immature B Cell Stage in Mice Without Ig
... ER to the Golgi (27). However, single mutated H chains accumulate in heavy chain disease (28), and it has been discovered that ␥ H chains, lacking the CH1 domain, are assembled routinely as fully functional H2 IgG Abs without L chains in camelids (29). Although it is not known how these H chain-only ...
... ER to the Golgi (27). However, single mutated H chains accumulate in heavy chain disease (28), and it has been discovered that ␥ H chains, lacking the CH1 domain, are assembled routinely as fully functional H2 IgG Abs without L chains in camelids (29). Although it is not known how these H chain-only ...
1998 warkany lecture: Signaling pathways in development
... cell of the organism. The signal is called a ligand since it eventually binds (‘‘ligates’’) to a specific receptor protein of another cell, or sometimes the same cell. Many of these signal ligands are complex proteins, although some are small molecules (e.g. steroids). Some require several steps of ...
... cell of the organism. The signal is called a ligand since it eventually binds (‘‘ligates’’) to a specific receptor protein of another cell, or sometimes the same cell. Many of these signal ligands are complex proteins, although some are small molecules (e.g. steroids). Some require several steps of ...
Biology I Syllabus
... Explain classification criteria for fungi, plants and animals? Compare the major divisions of animals? Identify the major types of animal cells and tissues? Describe the major components and functions of physiological systems? Identify types and functions of plant tissues? Describe diffe ...
... Explain classification criteria for fungi, plants and animals? Compare the major divisions of animals? Identify the major types of animal cells and tissues? Describe the major components and functions of physiological systems? Identify types and functions of plant tissues? Describe diffe ...
The Myriad Roles of Anillin during Cytokinesis Alisa J. Piekny1 and
... in metazoan cells, what is its role? One of Anillin’s key functions is to “organize” myosin. Drosophila Anillin is required for the organization of myosin into discrete, intact rings throughout the cellularization front ([8]; Fig. 1). Depletion of Drosophila or human Anillin from cultured cells pert ...
... in metazoan cells, what is its role? One of Anillin’s key functions is to “organize” myosin. Drosophila Anillin is required for the organization of myosin into discrete, intact rings throughout the cellularization front ([8]; Fig. 1). Depletion of Drosophila or human Anillin from cultured cells pert ...
Localization of Collagenase at the Basal Plasma Membrane of a
... We have recently presented biochemical evidence for collagen and gelatin degrading activities associated with plasma membranes of various human cancer cell lines. In this report we describe the localization of interstitial collagenase at the basal plasma membrane of the human pancreatic cancer cell ...
... We have recently presented biochemical evidence for collagen and gelatin degrading activities associated with plasma membranes of various human cancer cell lines. In this report we describe the localization of interstitial collagenase at the basal plasma membrane of the human pancreatic cancer cell ...
gcat.davidson.edu
... ○ spraying during development or application after picking ● Calcium connects proteins and lipids in the cell membrane, stabilizing the cell surface. ...
... ○ spraying during development or application after picking ● Calcium connects proteins and lipids in the cell membrane, stabilizing the cell surface. ...
Involvement of the Mismatch Repair System in Temozolomide
... linking the cytotoxic effects of DNA-modifying agents with the MRS. However, the molecular mechanisms implicated in this process are currently unknown. In this study, we show that TMZ induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, and p53 accumulation in MRS-proficient cells and that these ...
... linking the cytotoxic effects of DNA-modifying agents with the MRS. However, the molecular mechanisms implicated in this process are currently unknown. In this study, we show that TMZ induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, and p53 accumulation in MRS-proficient cells and that these ...
Morphological classification of plant cell deaths
... Programmed cell death (PCD) is an integral part of plant development and of responses to abiotic stress or pathogens. Although the morphology of plant PCD is, in some cases, well characterised and molecular mechanisms controlling plant PCD are beginning to emerge, there is still confusion about the ...
... Programmed cell death (PCD) is an integral part of plant development and of responses to abiotic stress or pathogens. Although the morphology of plant PCD is, in some cases, well characterised and molecular mechanisms controlling plant PCD are beginning to emerge, there is still confusion about the ...
Gibberellin-Induced α
... growth is not associated with an increase in XET activity. Thus the effect is specific for gibberellins. One possibility is that XET facilitates the penetration of expansins into the cell wall. According to this view, GA and auxins may work together to promote cell wall loosening: Auxin induces prot ...
... growth is not associated with an increase in XET activity. Thus the effect is specific for gibberellins. One possibility is that XET facilitates the penetration of expansins into the cell wall. According to this view, GA and auxins may work together to promote cell wall loosening: Auxin induces prot ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).