Non-linear Optical Microscopy and Spectroscopy for
... The magnification and resolution are limited by aberrations and diffractions. The aberrations are effects occurring due to dispersion and the geometry of the lenses. The sample itself also contributes to aberrations. The aberrations can not be totally eliminated, but their effect on the final image can b ...
... The magnification and resolution are limited by aberrations and diffractions. The aberrations are effects occurring due to dispersion and the geometry of the lenses. The sample itself also contributes to aberrations. The aberrations can not be totally eliminated, but their effect on the final image can b ...
Frequency domain optical parametric amplification - few
... n electrical engineering, function generators are used to test the response function of electronic circuits down to the nanosecond time scale. To test the ‘response function’ of bound electrons in atoms or molecules on the attosecond (1 asec ¼ 10 18s) time scale, optical function generators have b ...
... n electrical engineering, function generators are used to test the response function of electronic circuits down to the nanosecond time scale. To test the ‘response function’ of bound electrons in atoms or molecules on the attosecond (1 asec ¼ 10 18s) time scale, optical function generators have b ...
Fabry-Perot Interferometer
... 8 illustrates the front panel of the control unit PTC 1000. The high voltage connector (BNC) for the piezo is located on the back, as well as the piezo voltage monitor and the trigger signal output. • The output signal of the silicon photo diode (Siemens BPX 61) is amplified using the control unit P ...
... 8 illustrates the front panel of the control unit PTC 1000. The high voltage connector (BNC) for the piezo is located on the back, as well as the piezo voltage monitor and the trigger signal output. • The output signal of the silicon photo diode (Siemens BPX 61) is amplified using the control unit P ...
The orbital angular momentum of light
... orbital angular momentum apart from spin angular momentum, however, is the fact that for photons there are only two spin states available, but infinitely many orbital angular momentum states. The variable l can take on any integer value. We also have good classical reasons to believe that the quantu ...
... orbital angular momentum apart from spin angular momentum, however, is the fact that for photons there are only two spin states available, but infinitely many orbital angular momentum states. The variable l can take on any integer value. We also have good classical reasons to believe that the quantu ...
Chapter 4 Optical Resonator
... (b) A transparent plate of thickness d, = 2.5 cm and refractive index n = 1.5 is placed inside the resonator and is tilted slightly to prevent light reflected from the plate from reaching the mirrors. Determine the spacing between the resonance frequencies of the resonator. 2. Semiconductor lasers a ...
... (b) A transparent plate of thickness d, = 2.5 cm and refractive index n = 1.5 is placed inside the resonator and is tilted slightly to prevent light reflected from the plate from reaching the mirrors. Determine the spacing between the resonance frequencies of the resonator. 2. Semiconductor lasers a ...
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... both strong enough. Wu and Gao [11] have found that the inversionless gain will be related to the relative phase between the probe and the coherent driving fields when an incoherent process is used to pump a Λ atomic system. Furthermore, the phase effect on the optical steady-state behaviors includi ...
... both strong enough. Wu and Gao [11] have found that the inversionless gain will be related to the relative phase between the probe and the coherent driving fields when an incoherent process is used to pump a Λ atomic system. Furthermore, the phase effect on the optical steady-state behaviors includi ...
Integrated optical pressure sensors in silicon-on
... The first structure we will highlight is a ring resonator as shown in Figure 4. Conventionally only part of the ring resonator is underetched [16] but due to suboptimal alignment accuracy in our contact lithography, we opted for a larger membrane that holds almost the entire structure. Figure 5 show ...
... The first structure we will highlight is a ring resonator as shown in Figure 4. Conventionally only part of the ring resonator is underetched [16] but due to suboptimal alignment accuracy in our contact lithography, we opted for a larger membrane that holds almost the entire structure. Figure 5 show ...
Switching between positive and negative
... in the electromagnetic–material interaction is shown in Fig. 1 adapted from [15]. In this paper, the modulation mechanism discussed is confined to that of switching the permeability parameter of the SRR between the 2nd (electrical plasma) and the 3rd-quadrant (NIM). Modulation is achievable for NIM ...
... in the electromagnetic–material interaction is shown in Fig. 1 adapted from [15]. In this paper, the modulation mechanism discussed is confined to that of switching the permeability parameter of the SRR between the 2nd (electrical plasma) and the 3rd-quadrant (NIM). Modulation is achievable for NIM ...
Realization of optical carpets in the Talbot and
... Interferometric self-imaging is also possible for spatially incoherent light if we add a second grating down stream from the first one. It now suffices that the wave is fairly monochromatic but not necessarily collimated or transversally coherent. Lau identified the arrangements which generate disti ...
... Interferometric self-imaging is also possible for spatially incoherent light if we add a second grating down stream from the first one. It now suffices that the wave is fairly monochromatic but not necessarily collimated or transversally coherent. Lau identified the arrangements which generate disti ...
Picosecond-resolution soft-x-ray laser plasma interferometry
... from the IR alignment laser from being observed at the output of the DGI. However, the first diffracted order off the second grating can be used instead for this purpose. In this case the intensity of both orders is similar because each undergoes a reflection 共zero-order兲 and a first-order diffracti ...
... from the IR alignment laser from being observed at the output of the DGI. However, the first diffracted order off the second grating can be used instead for this purpose. In this case the intensity of both orders is similar because each undergoes a reflection 共zero-order兲 and a first-order diffracti ...
Confocal microscopy with a volume holographic filter
... principle in which the pinhole is replaced with a matched filter recorded on a volume hologram. The hologram is recorded such that the field that is generated by an in-focus object is maximally diffracted, whereas objects that are out of focus are filtered out because they are Bragg mismatched. Cons ...
... principle in which the pinhole is replaced with a matched filter recorded on a volume hologram. The hologram is recorded such that the field that is generated by an in-focus object is maximally diffracted, whereas objects that are out of focus are filtered out because they are Bragg mismatched. Cons ...
Laser and nonlinear optics
... this can also be achieved in the resonator if for example the laser is over-pumped beyond the oscillation threshold. This is advantageous because there are minimum diffraction losses for TEM00 . However, non-optimal adjustment can lead to higher TEMmn -modes (m, n ∈ IN) in the resonator with spatial ...
... this can also be achieved in the resonator if for example the laser is over-pumped beyond the oscillation threshold. This is advantageous because there are minimum diffraction losses for TEM00 . However, non-optimal adjustment can lead to higher TEMmn -modes (m, n ∈ IN) in the resonator with spatial ...
Evidence for wavelength dependence of the scattering phase
... attenuation coefficient (cn) of materials other than water at nine wavelengths (10 nm FWHM) across the visible spectrum. Optical blanks for the AC-9 were regularly measured with ultrapure Millipore water treated with ultraviolet light, and calibration of the two optical channels remained within the ...
... attenuation coefficient (cn) of materials other than water at nine wavelengths (10 nm FWHM) across the visible spectrum. Optical blanks for the AC-9 were regularly measured with ultrapure Millipore water treated with ultraviolet light, and calibration of the two optical channels remained within the ...
fourier optics - The Institute of Optics
... Uniformly illuminated circular aperture of radius (a) is calculated on axis to provide clear picture of (NZ) near field, (FZ) Fresnel zone and the FARzone. [10] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Axial field strength squared w(z) vs log(z) for uniformly illumin ...
... Uniformly illuminated circular aperture of radius (a) is calculated on axis to provide clear picture of (NZ) near field, (FZ) Fresnel zone and the FARzone. [10] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Axial field strength squared w(z) vs log(z) for uniformly illumin ...
Construction of a femtosecond mode
... The radiation pulse, propagating through such medium, experiences a greater refractive index for the central part, which is the most intense. So the first conclusion one may do is that the central part of the beam travels at a lower velocity than the peripheral part. The index change causes a tempor ...
... The radiation pulse, propagating through such medium, experiences a greater refractive index for the central part, which is the most intense. So the first conclusion one may do is that the central part of the beam travels at a lower velocity than the peripheral part. The index change causes a tempor ...
How laser works
... transitory, lasting only about one-millionth of a second. A small pulse of laser light "tuned" to the excited electrons' energy is directed through the glass slabs. This laser pulse stimulates the electrons to drop to their lower energy states, or "ground" states, and emit a laser photon of exactly ...
... transitory, lasting only about one-millionth of a second. A small pulse of laser light "tuned" to the excited electrons' energy is directed through the glass slabs. This laser pulse stimulates the electrons to drop to their lower energy states, or "ground" states, and emit a laser photon of exactly ...
Phase-matching and nonlinear optical processes - jalali
... crystal structure, and the lack of efficient optical transitions due to the indirect band structure, have contributed to the premature perception of silicon being useful only as an optically passive material. Recently, we have proposed and demonstrated the use of Raman effect to achieve active optic ...
... crystal structure, and the lack of efficient optical transitions due to the indirect band structure, have contributed to the premature perception of silicon being useful only as an optically passive material. Recently, we have proposed and demonstrated the use of Raman effect to achieve active optic ...
1)Plot and explain the variation of (a) attractive potential energy (b
... 2) What is cohesive energy? Assuming a suitable model for interatomic forces derive an expression for the cohesive energy? 3) Explain with suitable examples the ionic, covalent, metallic and molecular type of bodings in solids? 4) What is madelung constant? Evaluate its value for NaCl. 5) Explain th ...
... 2) What is cohesive energy? Assuming a suitable model for interatomic forces derive an expression for the cohesive energy? 3) Explain with suitable examples the ionic, covalent, metallic and molecular type of bodings in solids? 4) What is madelung constant? Evaluate its value for NaCl. 5) Explain th ...
Ultrashort, Strongly Focused Laser Pulses in Free Space
... duration is as short as a few optical cycles of the electric field; furthermore, these pulses can be focused to a spot size comparable to the wavelength. These strongly focused, ultrashort laser pulses have found applications, for instance, in high-resolution microscopy, particle trapping and electr ...
... duration is as short as a few optical cycles of the electric field; furthermore, these pulses can be focused to a spot size comparable to the wavelength. These strongly focused, ultrashort laser pulses have found applications, for instance, in high-resolution microscopy, particle trapping and electr ...
Optical tweezers
Optical tweezers (originally called ""single-beam gradient force trap"") are scientific instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to provide an attractive or repulsive force (typically on the order of piconewtons), depending on the refractive index mismatch to physically hold and move microscopic dielectric objects similar to tweezers. Optical tweezers have been particularly successful in studying a variety of biological systems in recent years.