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Part 1: Overview of the Digestive System Digestive System: 2 parts
Part 1: Overview of the Digestive System Digestive System: 2 parts

... 4 The small intestine does peristalsis, chemical digestion, mechanical digestion, and absorption. ...
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... Up to 99.5% of saliva is composed of water. It is slightly acidic and it’s solutes include electrolytes (such as sodium and potassium), salivary amylase – a digestive enzyme, mucin – which hydrates the food, and wastes such as urea. ...
Digestion - UBC Zoology
Digestion - UBC Zoology

... Up to 99.5% of saliva is composed of water. It is slightly acidic and it’s solutes include electrolytes (such as sodium and potassium), salivary amylase – a digestive enzyme, mucin – which hydrates the food, and wastes such as urea. ...
9 Digestive Physiology
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... Up to 99.5% of saliva is composed of water. It is slightly acidic and it’s solutes include electrolytes (such as sodium and potassium), salivary amylase – a digestive enzyme, mucin – which hydrates the food, and traces of waste products (such as urea). ...
CHAPTER 51: FUELING BODY ACTIVITIES: DIGESTION
CHAPTER 51: FUELING BODY ACTIVITIES: DIGESTION

... digestion. Bile is stored in the gallbladder until it is needed. The remaining divisions of the small intestine, the jejunum, and the ileum, are specialized for absorption. The surface area is increased by finger-like projections called villi. The epithelium of each villus is covered with cytoplasmi ...
17 The Digestion and Absorption of Food
17 The Digestion and Absorption of Food

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Chapter 3 Gastroenterology

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... (brush border), containing at surface enzymes that finish digesting carbohydrates and proteins, estimating 200 million microvilli per mm2, greatly expanding surface area of the plasma membrane and thus greatly enhancing absorption. ...
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... Portions of moistened food are moved from the oral cavity toward the ____________ where swallowing reflexes push it into the ____________. ______________moves the food through the esophagus and into the stomach. At its distal end, where it joins the stomach, the esophagus has muscle tissue that cont ...
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... tells you that both your grandparents have had some bowel "irregularity" lately and asks you to recommend a laxative. Based on your knowledge of the alimentary tube, what information would you collect and what advice would you give her? ...
Digestion Review Answer Key
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... 6. What is responsible for heartburn and how is it normally prevented from occurring? 7. List the functions of the stomach. What is chyme? 8. What is the function of the gastric glands in the stomach? 9. What is an ulcer an why does it form? 10. List 4 functions of the small intestine. What molecule ...
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... Lesser omentum – suspends stomach and duodenum from liver – passage for hepatic portal vein and artery and common bile duct Next two loosely hold the intestines allowing for movement. ...
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... lymphocytic colitis, the inflammation is thought to be caused by an increase in the white blood cells within the lining of the colon. These lymphocytes usually fight infection and can cause inflammation. In collagenous colitis the lining of the colon has a thicker than usual layer of collagen which ...
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

... esophagus. A small, flexible tube is passed into the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. The tube has a light source and a camera that displays magnified images. Damage to the lining of these structures can be evaluated and a small sample of tissue (biopsy) can be taken to determine the extent ...
of the digestive system.
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The Digestive System
The Digestive System

... Gastric enzymes: Pepsin, from gastric glands – begins protein digestion. Lipase, from gastric glands – begins fat digestion. Pancreatic enzymes: Amylase, from pancreas – breaks down starch and glycogen into disaccharides. Lipase, from pancreas – breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol. Nuclea ...
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Reticulum Honeycomb lining Formation of food bolus

... Small stomach in carnivores is related to high nutrient density of the diet Distribution and composition of epithelial lining varies between species and dietary ...
L3 Small Intestine File
L3 Small Intestine File

... ¤ The pancreas secretes enzymes to further break down fats, proteins and starches. Trypsin is produced here ¤ The liver secretes bile via the gall bladder to emulsify fats. ...
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Bile acid



Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals and other vertebrates. Different molecular forms of bile acids can be synthesized in the liver by different species. Bile acids are conjugated with taurine or glycine in the liver, forming bile salts.Primary bile acids are those synthesized by the liver. Secondary bile acids result from bacterial actions in the colon. In humans, taurocholic acid and glycocholic acid (derivatives of cholic acid) and taurochenodeoxycholic acid and glycochenodeoxycholic acid (derivatives of chenodeoxycholic acid) are the major bile salts in bile and are roughly equal in concentration. The conjugated salts of their 7-alpha-dehydroxylated derivatives, deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid, are also found, with derivatives of cholic, chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic acids accounting for over 90% of human biliary bile acids.Bile acids comprise about 80% of the organic compounds in bile (others are phospholipids and cholesterol). An increased secretion of bile acids produces an increase in bile flow. The main function of bile acids is to facilitate the formation of micelles, which promotes digestion and absorption of dietary fat, but they are increasingly being shown to have hormonal actions throughout the body.
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