On the Nature of the Evanescent Wave
... does electromagnetic energy flow through the totally reflecting interface, but we can see that the evanescent wave actually serves as an energy ‘‘overflow tank’’ to allow for momentary energy flow imbalances between the incoming and reflected beams. An electric capacitor is an apt analog. In hindsig ...
... does electromagnetic energy flow through the totally reflecting interface, but we can see that the evanescent wave actually serves as an energy ‘‘overflow tank’’ to allow for momentary energy flow imbalances between the incoming and reflected beams. An electric capacitor is an apt analog. In hindsig ...
Finite-difference time-domain modeling of dispersive
... moves toward that center frequency, out-of-band properties of the PBG migrate toward the bandgap and distort the band structure. Bandgaps and passbands appear in unanticipated regions. Moreover, the individual bandgaps widen as the dispersive effects become stronger. The metal/dielectric bandgap str ...
... moves toward that center frequency, out-of-band properties of the PBG migrate toward the bandgap and distort the band structure. Bandgaps and passbands appear in unanticipated regions. Moreover, the individual bandgaps widen as the dispersive effects become stronger. The metal/dielectric bandgap str ...
lens theory - Laser Components
... ADDITIONAL NOTES 1. In designing optical systems for low divergence laser beams, the paraxial approximation is excellent as far as the positioning of the elements is concerned. However, due to diffraction, the magnifications encountered may be completely different than those calculated from geometri ...
... ADDITIONAL NOTES 1. In designing optical systems for low divergence laser beams, the paraxial approximation is excellent as far as the positioning of the elements is concerned. However, due to diffraction, the magnifications encountered may be completely different than those calculated from geometri ...
Physics – A World Communicates
... Displacement: Is the distance that the particle is from its point of equilibrium Amplitude: Is the maximum size of the particle displacement from its undisturbed state (equilibrium). Period: Is the time it takes a single wave to pass a fixed point. It is assigned with the symbol, T. Compression: Are ...
... Displacement: Is the distance that the particle is from its point of equilibrium Amplitude: Is the maximum size of the particle displacement from its undisturbed state (equilibrium). Period: Is the time it takes a single wave to pass a fixed point. It is assigned with the symbol, T. Compression: Are ...
IX71/IX81 - Olympus Microscopy Resource Center
... for all applications. In addition to their high fluorescence S/N ratio, both these lenses are able to handle UV excitation light at parfocal 45mm. The UPLSAPO100XO provides a transmittance of up to 340nm. ...
... for all applications. In addition to their high fluorescence S/N ratio, both these lenses are able to handle UV excitation light at parfocal 45mm. The UPLSAPO100XO provides a transmittance of up to 340nm. ...
Direct Characterization of Plasmonic Slot Waveguides and
... based nanocouplers in the telecom wavelength range. Illumination with a wide laser beam excites both slot plasmons confined within a dielectric gap in a metal film and surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) propagating along the metal film interface perpendicular to the slot, and the resulting near-field ...
... based nanocouplers in the telecom wavelength range. Illumination with a wide laser beam excites both slot plasmons confined within a dielectric gap in a metal film and surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) propagating along the metal film interface perpendicular to the slot, and the resulting near-field ...
Investigation of the presence of rod-shaped bacteria on food surface
... length and outgoing secondary wavelength are identical, this method is called elastic scattering, while if there exists a wavelength shift, it is referred to as inelastic scattering. In the elastic scattering method, angular scatter measurements have been utilized for various quantitative studies of ...
... length and outgoing secondary wavelength are identical, this method is called elastic scattering, while if there exists a wavelength shift, it is referred to as inelastic scattering. In the elastic scattering method, angular scatter measurements have been utilized for various quantitative studies of ...
Influence of optical forces on nonlinear optical frequency conversion
... birefringence devices [6]. Moreover, the optical force induced effective-index-change will also have a great influence on the nonlinear frequency conversion based on various phasematching techniques which offers an effective way to expand the laser wavelength range, including second harmonic generat ...
... birefringence devices [6]. Moreover, the optical force induced effective-index-change will also have a great influence on the nonlinear frequency conversion based on various phasematching techniques which offers an effective way to expand the laser wavelength range, including second harmonic generat ...
Dispersion and Ultrashort Pulses
... If 2 is the pulse 2nd-order spectral phase on entering a medium, and k”L is the 2nd-order spectral phase of the medium, then the resulting pulse 2nd-order phase will be the sum: 2 + k”L. A linearly chirped input pulse has 2nd-order phase: 2,in Emerging from a medium, its 2nd-order phase will be: ...
... If 2 is the pulse 2nd-order spectral phase on entering a medium, and k”L is the 2nd-order spectral phase of the medium, then the resulting pulse 2nd-order phase will be the sum: 2 + k”L. A linearly chirped input pulse has 2nd-order phase: 2,in Emerging from a medium, its 2nd-order phase will be: ...
Precision interferometer
... of their optical paths in reaching that point. By moving M1, the path length of one of the beams can be varied. Since the beam traverses the path between M1 and the beam-splitter twice, moving M1 1/4 wavelength nearer the beam-splitter will reduce the optical path of that beam by 1/2 wavelength. The ...
... of their optical paths in reaching that point. By moving M1, the path length of one of the beams can be varied. Since the beam traverses the path between M1 and the beam-splitter twice, moving M1 1/4 wavelength nearer the beam-splitter will reduce the optical path of that beam by 1/2 wavelength. The ...
High luminance hybrid light guide plate for
... LCDs are widely used in miscellaneous products, such as computer monitors, cell phones, and televisions. Since the LCD is a non-spontaneous emission display device, an external light source is necessary for the display operation. For power saving, this external light sources of a LCD are light emitt ...
... LCDs are widely used in miscellaneous products, such as computer monitors, cell phones, and televisions. Since the LCD is a non-spontaneous emission display device, an external light source is necessary for the display operation. For power saving, this external light sources of a LCD are light emitt ...
Theory of Optical Tweezers
... (k, ⊥) is rj . Eq. (9) may also be derived in the framework of GO. Thus, the expression within curly brackets agrees with the GO result for the force exerted by each component ray as first obtained in [9]. The remaining ...
... (k, ⊥) is rj . Eq. (9) may also be derived in the framework of GO. Thus, the expression within curly brackets agrees with the GO result for the force exerted by each component ray as first obtained in [9]. The remaining ...
Electromagnetic wave scatterings by anisotropic metamaterials
... Metamaterials are artificial electromagnetic 共EM兲 materials composed by subwavelength local resonance structures of electric and/or magnetic type, and thus possess arbitrary values of permittivity and permeability dictated by such resonance structures.1 Many novel EM properties were predicted or dis ...
... Metamaterials are artificial electromagnetic 共EM兲 materials composed by subwavelength local resonance structures of electric and/or magnetic type, and thus possess arbitrary values of permittivity and permeability dictated by such resonance structures.1 Many novel EM properties were predicted or dis ...
“The Rayleigh range of Gaussian Schell
... the diameter of the spot size increases by a factor 21=2 , i.e. at which the cross-sectional area is doubled from pw20 to 2pw20 (see ®gure 1). It is given by the formula zR ˆ ...
... the diameter of the spot size increases by a factor 21=2 , i.e. at which the cross-sectional area is doubled from pw20 to 2pw20 (see ®gure 1). It is given by the formula zR ˆ ...
The Demonstration
... (floating on the water). If the refractive indices of the water and the oil are made to be the same there is no 2nd refraction since there is no discontinuity in the refractive property. When we don’t have this second reflection we don’t see the colors. The existence of this coloring effect depends ...
... (floating on the water). If the refractive indices of the water and the oil are made to be the same there is no 2nd refraction since there is no discontinuity in the refractive property. When we don’t have this second reflection we don’t see the colors. The existence of this coloring effect depends ...
WHITEPAPER Centration Measurement, Alignment
... curvature of the top surface. The lower autocollimator focuses in the center of curvature of the lower surface. Thus, the measurement is accomplished in reflection. In this case the reference axis Lens with plane reference flange is given by the center of symmetry of the circumference and the normal ...
... curvature of the top surface. The lower autocollimator focuses in the center of curvature of the lower surface. Thus, the measurement is accomplished in reflection. In this case the reference axis Lens with plane reference flange is given by the center of symmetry of the circumference and the normal ...
Trends in Optical Fiber Sensors - IEEE Bombay Section Symposium
... The first attempts at guiding light on the basis of total internal reflection in a medium dates to 1841 by Daniel Colladon. He attempted to couple light from an arc lamp into a stream of water In 1930 the medical student Heinrich Lamm of Munich produced the first image transmitting fiber ...
... The first attempts at guiding light on the basis of total internal reflection in a medium dates to 1841 by Daniel Colladon. He attempted to couple light from an arc lamp into a stream of water In 1930 the medical student Heinrich Lamm of Munich produced the first image transmitting fiber ...
Calibration of the amplification coefficient in
... Proper scaling in this case requires knowledge of the emission wavelength λ . For a red helium-neon laser based system, even without stabilization, the relative uncertainty in wavelength is 0.0003%. This level of accuracy is fully sufficient for even the most demanding applications in surface topogr ...
... Proper scaling in this case requires knowledge of the emission wavelength λ . For a red helium-neon laser based system, even without stabilization, the relative uncertainty in wavelength is 0.0003%. This level of accuracy is fully sufficient for even the most demanding applications in surface topogr ...
Tuning Dynamic Range and Sensitivity of White
... a standing charge-density wave on a thin, metal surface. The wave function of this SP wave is governed by the angle and energy of the incident photon as well as the complex dielectric constants of both the metal film and the substrate on which the film is deposited. If the wave function of the SP ma ...
... a standing charge-density wave on a thin, metal surface. The wave function of this SP wave is governed by the angle and energy of the incident photon as well as the complex dielectric constants of both the metal film and the substrate on which the film is deposited. If the wave function of the SP ma ...
Anti-reflective coating
An antireflective or anti-reflection (AR) coating is a type of optical coating applied to the surface of lenses and other optical elements to reduce reflection. In typical imaging systems, this improves the efficiency since less light is lost. In complex systems such as a telescope, the reduction in reflections also improves the contrast of the image by elimination of stray light. This is especially important in planetary astronomy. In other applications, the primary benefit is the elimination of the reflection itself, such as a coating on eyeglass lenses that makes the eyes of the wearer more visible to others, or a coating to reduce the glint from a covert viewer's binoculars or telescopic sight.Many coatings consist of transparent thin film structures with alternating layers of contrasting refractive index. Layer thicknesses are chosen to produce destructive interference in the beams reflected from the interfaces, and constructive interference in the corresponding transmitted beams. This makes the structure's performance change with wavelength and incident angle, so that color effects often appear at oblique angles. A wavelength range must be specified when designing or ordering such coatings, but good performance can often be achieved for a relatively wide range of frequencies: usually a choice of IR, visible, or UV is offered.