Isodirectional Tuning of Adjacent Interneurons and Pyramidal Cells
... deflection for RS neurons because the slope gradually approaches zero and blends into the baseline noise. A third issue may be signal filtration, as we used a four-pole Tchebyshev high-pass filter set at ;150 Hz to reduce line noise. This attenuates the low frequencies of a waveform that are importa ...
... deflection for RS neurons because the slope gradually approaches zero and blends into the baseline noise. A third issue may be signal filtration, as we used a four-pole Tchebyshev high-pass filter set at ;150 Hz to reduce line noise. This attenuates the low frequencies of a waveform that are importa ...
What insights can fMRI offer into the structure and function of mid-tier visual areas?
... V1-encoded visual features are represented in V1. This very integrative view of V1 as a node in a distributed network makes particular sense when one considers that, perhaps, 10% of the inputs to V1 come from “below” V1 (i.e., subcortical sources) (Logothetis, 2008), while the vast majority come fro ...
... V1-encoded visual features are represented in V1. This very integrative view of V1 as a node in a distributed network makes particular sense when one considers that, perhaps, 10% of the inputs to V1 come from “below” V1 (i.e., subcortical sources) (Logothetis, 2008), while the vast majority come fro ...
Purves chs. 12, 13 - Weizmann Institute of Science
... head and body to novel stimuli, especially those that are not initially within the field of view. Although humans are highly visual creatures, much human communication is mediated by the auditory system; indeed, loss of hearing can be more socially debilitating than blindness. From a cultural perspe ...
... head and body to novel stimuli, especially those that are not initially within the field of view. Although humans are highly visual creatures, much human communication is mediated by the auditory system; indeed, loss of hearing can be more socially debilitating than blindness. From a cultural perspe ...
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... mediate positive reward processing (Commons, 2010). Additionally, NK1 receptor antagonists are reported to attenuate the reward-potentiating effects of morphine in mice (Robinson et al., 2012). Based on these lines of evidence, we hypothesized that the SP/NK1 receptor system might play a role in posi ...
... mediate positive reward processing (Commons, 2010). Additionally, NK1 receptor antagonists are reported to attenuate the reward-potentiating effects of morphine in mice (Robinson et al., 2012). Based on these lines of evidence, we hypothesized that the SP/NK1 receptor system might play a role in posi ...
PDF
... the subjective values, of available actions. As actions are executed, the expected immediate consequences (ensuing states and rewards) can be compared to actual consequences to continuously update the model. The advantage of this model-based system is that it is up to date and flexible, taking into ...
... the subjective values, of available actions. As actions are executed, the expected immediate consequences (ensuing states and rewards) can be compared to actual consequences to continuously update the model. The advantage of this model-based system is that it is up to date and flexible, taking into ...
BOLD fMRI study of ultrahigh frequency encoding in the
... Many vertebrates communicate with ultrahigh frequency (UHF) vocalizations to limit auditory detection by predators. The mechanisms underlying the neural encoding of such UHF sounds may provide important insights for understanding neural processing of other complex sounds (e.g. human speeches). In th ...
... Many vertebrates communicate with ultrahigh frequency (UHF) vocalizations to limit auditory detection by predators. The mechanisms underlying the neural encoding of such UHF sounds may provide important insights for understanding neural processing of other complex sounds (e.g. human speeches). In th ...
Olfactory Coding in the Honeybee Lateral Horn
... including floral and pheromonal compounds, and that neural activity evoked by these odorants reflects an odor-specific code as they elicit different spatial activity maps. Comparison of the coding principles between AL and LH shows a strong conservation of response intensity and odor-similarity rela ...
... including floral and pheromonal compounds, and that neural activity evoked by these odorants reflects an odor-specific code as they elicit different spatial activity maps. Comparison of the coding principles between AL and LH shows a strong conservation of response intensity and odor-similarity rela ...
Full-Text PDF
... However, the bristles along the wing margin are mechanical sensors monitoring airborne vibrations caused by the wingbeat, which suggests that the bristles along the wing margin have different roles (i.e., the detectors of wingbeat frequency) from that of known proprioceptors such as the stretch rece ...
... However, the bristles along the wing margin are mechanical sensors monitoring airborne vibrations caused by the wingbeat, which suggests that the bristles along the wing margin have different roles (i.e., the detectors of wingbeat frequency) from that of known proprioceptors such as the stretch rece ...
Primary Visual Pathway
... • Direct eyes to the targets of interes • Regulate homeostatic behaviors to L/D cycle ...
... • Direct eyes to the targets of interes • Regulate homeostatic behaviors to L/D cycle ...
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... cortex (A1). Detailed maps of auditory cortex responses to single tones and tone trains were constructed from recordings from 50^60 microelectrode penetrations introduced into each hemisphere. Recorded data demonstrated that the cortex uses a distributed coding strategy to represent both spectral an ...
... cortex (A1). Detailed maps of auditory cortex responses to single tones and tone trains were constructed from recordings from 50^60 microelectrode penetrations introduced into each hemisphere. Recorded data demonstrated that the cortex uses a distributed coding strategy to represent both spectral an ...
Seventeen
... tains glycoproteins that can bind odoriferous substances that are not otherwise soluble in water, for presentation to receptor molecules on the surfaces of the sensory cilia. That a large range of odors and aromas can be appreciated may be due in part to the existence of neu.o_ ...
... tains glycoproteins that can bind odoriferous substances that are not otherwise soluble in water, for presentation to receptor molecules on the surfaces of the sensory cilia. That a large range of odors and aromas can be appreciated may be due in part to the existence of neu.o_ ...
Book 7x10 - Template - version_15
... scrutiny (e.g. time and effort to decode signal – see Frank, 1988) when the probability of interacting with another altruist is high. Once mimics master the signal, altruists will begin to decrease in the population (relative to mimics). However, mimics do not have a monopoly on evolving effective c ...
... scrutiny (e.g. time and effort to decode signal – see Frank, 1988) when the probability of interacting with another altruist is high. Once mimics master the signal, altruists will begin to decrease in the population (relative to mimics). However, mimics do not have a monopoly on evolving effective c ...
Recounting the impact of Hubel and Wiesel
... they produced little related to what it did. And this is what anyone interested in perception or visual behaviour wanted to know. There were attempts to relate visual physiology to perception, but they were severely limited by the techniques available. An example of one of the best of these is an ex ...
... they produced little related to what it did. And this is what anyone interested in perception or visual behaviour wanted to know. There were attempts to relate visual physiology to perception, but they were severely limited by the techniques available. An example of one of the best of these is an ex ...
Some Analogies Between Visual Cortical and Genetic Maps
... are replicas of an ancient gene for a receptor protein. 31 The genes for the red and green receptor proteins are located adjacent to each other on the X chromosome and have a 96% sequence homology.32 Many individuals have up to three slightly different versions of the gene for the green receptor pro ...
... are replicas of an ancient gene for a receptor protein. 31 The genes for the red and green receptor proteins are located adjacent to each other on the X chromosome and have a 96% sequence homology.32 Many individuals have up to three slightly different versions of the gene for the green receptor pro ...
Seeing faces and objects with the “mind`s eye”
... processing stages in the visual pathway. Studies of ...
... processing stages in the visual pathway. Studies of ...
Heading: Sensory Deprivation in Humans, Mice, and History Caleb B. Carson Running Head: Sensory Deprivation
... they were not real. She had hearing loss in her left ear following a car accident 5 years ago, and it was recommended that she use a hearing aid. Due to the fact that the aid disturbed her ear, she used it irregularly for 3 years and not at all thereafter. Five to six months later, she started to ...
... they were not real. She had hearing loss in her left ear following a car accident 5 years ago, and it was recommended that she use a hearing aid. Due to the fact that the aid disturbed her ear, she used it irregularly for 3 years and not at all thereafter. Five to six months later, she started to ...
Specialization within the ventral stream: The case for the visual word
... Beyond case invariance, other psychological findings provide evidence for a functional tuning in reading. The word superiority effect is the fact that when asked to detect the presence of a letter, subjects typically show superior performance when the letter is embedded in a visual string that respe ...
... Beyond case invariance, other psychological findings provide evidence for a functional tuning in reading. The word superiority effect is the fact that when asked to detect the presence of a letter, subjects typically show superior performance when the letter is embedded in a visual string that respe ...
Is perception informationally encapsulated? The issue of the theory-ladenness of perception
... argue that object recognition may be more image-based than based on object-centered representations, which means that the latter may be less important than Marr thought them to be. Neurophysiological studies by Perrett et al. (1994) also suggest that both objectcentered and viewer-centered represent ...
... argue that object recognition may be more image-based than based on object-centered representations, which means that the latter may be less important than Marr thought them to be. Neurophysiological studies by Perrett et al. (1994) also suggest that both objectcentered and viewer-centered represent ...
Action Preparation Shapes Processing in Early Visual Cortex
... preparation on the early visual areas and aIPS, for orientation-selective patches. These orientation selective patches were obtained from the MVPA searchlight analysis of the orientation task. The ROIs were determined from the retinotopy and orientation task results. Grasping/pointing task. All acqu ...
... preparation on the early visual areas and aIPS, for orientation-selective patches. These orientation selective patches were obtained from the MVPA searchlight analysis of the orientation task. The ROIs were determined from the retinotopy and orientation task results. Grasping/pointing task. All acqu ...
Comparison of population coherence of place cells in hippocampal
... in accordance with NIH guidelines on the use of experimental animals and were approved by the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Twelve tetrodes were lowered to CA3, and 6 tetrodes were lowered to CA1. We specifically targeted the middle ...
... in accordance with NIH guidelines on the use of experimental animals and were approved by the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Twelve tetrodes were lowered to CA3, and 6 tetrodes were lowered to CA1. We specifically targeted the middle ...
Computational modeling of responses in human visual
... 50,000 neurons each. A subset of these neurons, as well as the local glial cells, respond to any given stimulus, and it is this population response that determines the voxel’s receptive field. Furthermore, pRF parameters will depend on the specific population of neurons stimulated by the pattern th ...
... 50,000 neurons each. A subset of these neurons, as well as the local glial cells, respond to any given stimulus, and it is this population response that determines the voxel’s receptive field. Furthermore, pRF parameters will depend on the specific population of neurons stimulated by the pattern th ...
Chapter 7 - Bakersfield College
... projects to the insula and the orbitofrontal cortex • Olfactory signals are interpreted as odor identification, motivation, emotion, and memory ...
... projects to the insula and the orbitofrontal cortex • Olfactory signals are interpreted as odor identification, motivation, emotion, and memory ...
15 - phschool.com
... jump. These stimuli and many others continually greet us and are interpreted by our nervous systems. We are usually told that we have five senses: touch, taste, smell, sight, and hearing. Actually, touch reflects the activity of the general senses that we considered in Chapter 13. The other four tra ...
... jump. These stimuli and many others continually greet us and are interpreted by our nervous systems. We are usually told that we have five senses: touch, taste, smell, sight, and hearing. Actually, touch reflects the activity of the general senses that we considered in Chapter 13. The other four tra ...
How Reliably Does a Neuron in the Visual Motion Pathway of fhe Fly
... on the relationship between the amplitude of the noise and that of the stimulus-induced response component ('SIRC'). In a normal behavioural situation the animal's own actions and reactions have immediate consequences on its sensory input. Therefore, the SIRC is not simply the consequence of an exte ...
... on the relationship between the amplitude of the noise and that of the stimulus-induced response component ('SIRC'). In a normal behavioural situation the animal's own actions and reactions have immediate consequences on its sensory input. Therefore, the SIRC is not simply the consequence of an exte ...
Visual speech circuits in profound acquired
... It is commonly held that losing one sense provokes cross-modal takeover of deprived cortical areas, and therefore results in a benefit for the remaining modalities. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we assessed the impact of acquired deafness on the brain network related to speechr ...
... It is commonly held that losing one sense provokes cross-modal takeover of deprived cortical areas, and therefore results in a benefit for the remaining modalities. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we assessed the impact of acquired deafness on the brain network related to speechr ...