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soil horizons
soil horizons

... Pedocal: Are soil typical of dry climates like those found n the western United States. Chemical weathering is slower. Because of this pedocals tend to have less clay. Pedocals are rich in calcium based minerals (calcite, limestone) ...
Introduction to Soils - Ms Kim`s Biology Class
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... • Chemicals mix with water to further break the rocks down. • Plants began to grow in the weathered rocks and as they die, they add organic matter to the soil which attracts soil microorganisms. ...
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Diary Waste Management - ProGene Plant Research

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Rocks, Minerals, and Soil Final

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... sown by a mechanical seeder towed behind a ute, tractor or 4WD vehicle, which may also scalp the soil, sow at a preset depth and cover the seed with soil. It generally results in a more irregular, and therefore natural looking, arrangement of plants. No plant propagation is required but it does requ ...
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Tillage



Tillage is the agricultural preparation of soil by mechanical agitation of various types, such as digging, stirring, and overturning. Examples of human-powered tilling methods using hand tools include shovelling, picking, mattock work, hoeing, and raking. Examples of draft-animal-powered or mechanized work include ploughing (overturning with moldboards or chiseling with chisel shanks), rototilling, rolling with cultipackers or other rollers, harrowing, and cultivating with cultivator shanks (teeth). Small-scale gardening and farming, for household food production or small business production, tends to use the smaller-scale methods above, whereas medium- to large-scale farming tends to use the larger-scale methods. There is a fluid continuum, however. Any type of gardening or farming, but especially larger-scale commercial types, may also use low-till or no-till methods as well.Tillage is often classified into two types, primary and secondary. There is no strict boundary between them so much as a loose distinction between tillage that is deeper and more thorough (primary) and tillage that is shallower and sometimes more selective of location (secondary). Primary tillage such as ploughing tends to produce a rough surface finish, whereas secondary tillage tends to produce a smoother surface finish, such as that required to make a good seedbed for many crops. Harrowing and rototilling often combine primary and secondary tillage into one operation.""Tillage"" can also mean the land that is tilled. The word ""cultivation"" has several senses that overlap substantially with those of ""tillage"". In a general context, both can refer to agriculture. Within agriculture, both can refer to any of the kinds of soil agitation described above. Additionally, ""cultivation"" or ""cultivating"" may refer to an even narrower sense of shallow, selective secondary tillage of row crop fields that kills weeds while sparing the crop plants.
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